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This document introduces several common physics instruments: - Resistors limit electrical current flow in circuits and can regulate voltage for devices like transistors. Capacitors store energy in an electrostatic field through separated conducting plates. Transistors regulate current/voltage flow and act as switches for electronic signals using three layers of semiconductor material. - Transformers transform electrical energy between circuits through mutual induction between windings without direct connection, and can be step-up transformers with more primary coil turns or step-down transformers with less primary coil turns. - Other instruments include rheostats for adjusting circuit resistance without interrupting current, potentiometers for measuring voltage using a voltage divider, and LEDs which emit light when current passes
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How does electricity work?
Electricity is the flow of electrons or other charge carriers to produce light, heat, or power. An electrical current is produced when electrons flow along a conductor between two points at different voltages or electrical potentials. Resistance is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.
Capacitor inductor lectures & presentation
This document provides an overview of capacitors and inductors. It defines a capacitor as an electronic device that stores charge between two parallel plates, and an inductor as a passive component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. The document discusses how capacitors and inductors work, including how capacitors store charge and inductors store current. It also covers Faraday's law of capacitance, units of capacitance, types of capacitors and inductors, and how they combine in series and parallel.
Introduction to electroncis
This document provides an introduction to electronics and an overview of a DIY electronics workshop. It discusses the basics of electric circuits including resistance, voltage, and current. It describes the stages of an electronics design process from getting an idea to prototyping and manufacturing circuits. The workshop demonstrates using a multimeter, generating power, and building simple circuits with components like LEDs, resistors, capacitors, and a 555 timer chip. Information on further learning resources is also provided.
Resonance in electrical circuits – series resonance
This document discusses electrical resonance in series RLC circuits. It explains that series resonance occurs when the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out, resulting in a minimum impedance. This is useful for applications that require a stable oscillating frequency, like radio transmission. The document defines key terms like resonant frequency, bandwidth, and quality factor (Q factor). It describes how the Q factor relates the peak stored energy to energy lost, and how a higher Q factor results in a narrower bandwidth.
Electric and magnetic circuits
The document compares electric and magnetic circuits. A magnetic circuit is the closed path of magnetic flux lines through magnetic materials like iron. An electric circuit is the closed path of electric current through various electrical components connected to a source.
Key differences include: magnetic flux follows a closed path in a magnetic circuit while current follows a closed path in an electric circuit; reluctance opposes magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit while resistance opposes current in an electric circuit; magnetic circuits use magnetomotive force and flux while electric circuits use electromotive force and current.
Both circuits have analogous properties like permeability/conductivity and flux/current but also differences such as magnetic flux not requiring energy to maintain while current continuously requires energy.
Introduction to Electronics - Fourth session
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Dot convention in coupled circuits
The document discusses dot convention in coupled circuits. It explains that dot convention specifies the voltage polarity at the dotted terminal of a coil. If current enters the dotted terminal, it induces a positive voltage in another coupled coil's dotted terminal; if it exits the dotted terminal, it induces a negative voltage. Coupling can be electrical, through a physical connection, or magnetic, without connection. Electrical coupling is classified as aiding if currents enter dotted terminals, or opposing if one exits and one enters. Magnetic coupling also has aiding and opposing types based on dotted terminal current direction.
Basic of Electrical Circuits
Basic of circuit
Charge
Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles which matter consists.
The unit of charge is the coulomb (C).
The symbol for the charge is Q (or) q.
ퟏ풄풐풖풍풐풎풃=ퟏ/(ퟏ.ퟔퟎퟐ×〖ퟏퟎ〗^(−ퟏퟗ) )=ퟔ.ퟐퟒ× 〖ퟏퟎ〗^ퟏퟖ 풆풍풆풄풕풓풐풏풔
Types of charge
Positive charge
Negative charge
A single electron has a charge of -1.602x10-19 c.
A single proton has a charge of +1.602x10-19 c.
Current
The flow of free electrons in a conductor is called electric current.
The electric current is defined as the time rate of charge.
The unit of current is the ampere (A).
The symbol for the current is I (or) i.
1ampere=1coulomb/second
Voltage
The potential difference between two points in an electric circuit called voltage.
The unit of voltage is volt.
Voltage is represented by V (or) v.
Power
The rate at which work done by electrical energy (or) energy supplied per unit time is called the power.
Power is the rate at which energy is expanded or the absorbing.
The power denoted by either P or p.
It is measured in watts (W). P = V x I
Network
Interconnection of two or more simple circuit elements is called an electric network.
Circuit
A network contains at least one closed path, it is called electrical circuit.
Active Elements
The sources of energy are called active element. They may be voltage source or current source.
Example:
Generators, Transistors, etc.
Passive Elements
These elements stores (in the form of electrostatic, electromagnetic energy) or dissipates energy (in the form of heat).
Example:
Resistance (R), Inductor (L), Capacitor (C).
Resistance
It is the property of a substance which opposes the flow of current through it.
The resistance of element is denoted by the symbol “R”.
It is measured in Ohms (Ω).
Inductor
It is the property of a substance which stores energy in the form of electromagnetic field.
The inductance of element is denoted by the symbol “L”.
It is measured in Henry (Η).
Capacitor
It is the property of a substance which stores energy in the form of electrostatic field.
The capacitance of element is denoted by the symbol “C”
It is measured in Farads (Ϝ).
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How does electricity work?
Electricity is the flow of electrons or other charge carriers to produce light, heat, or power. An electrical current is produced when electrons flow along a conductor between two points at different voltages or electrical potentials. Resistance is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.
Capacitor inductor lectures & presentation
This document provides an overview of capacitors and inductors. It defines a capacitor as an electronic device that stores charge between two parallel plates, and an inductor as a passive component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. The document discusses how capacitors and inductors work, including how capacitors store charge and inductors store current. It also covers Faraday's law of capacitance, units of capacitance, types of capacitors and inductors, and how they combine in series and parallel.
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This document discusses electrical resonance in series RLC circuits. It explains that series resonance occurs when the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out, resulting in a minimum impedance. This is useful for applications that require a stable oscillating frequency, like radio transmission. The document defines key terms like resonant frequency, bandwidth, and quality factor (Q factor). It describes how the Q factor relates the peak stored energy to energy lost, and how a higher Q factor results in a narrower bandwidth.
Electric and magnetic circuits
The document compares electric and magnetic circuits. A magnetic circuit is the closed path of magnetic flux lines through magnetic materials like iron. An electric circuit is the closed path of electric current through various electrical components connected to a source.
Key differences include: magnetic flux follows a closed path in a magnetic circuit while current follows a closed path in an electric circuit; reluctance opposes magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit while resistance opposes current in an electric circuit; magnetic circuits use magnetomotive force and flux while electric circuits use electromotive force and current.
Both circuits have analogous properties like permeability/conductivity and flux/current but also differences such as magnetic flux not requiring energy to maintain while current continuously requires energy.
Introduction to Electronics - Fourth session
This document summarizes two review sessions on practical circuits. It introduces capacitors, diodes, LEDs, transistors, integrated circuits and other components. It then describes two circuits built in the first session, including their parts lists. The second session discusses modifying the second circuit by changing resistor values and adding a potentiometer to control the blinking rate of an LED. It then introduces the third circuit using a 555 timer IC to create an oscillator. Instructions are provided on modifying this circuit to add a volume control.
Dot convention in coupled circuits
The document discusses dot convention in coupled circuits. It explains that dot convention specifies the voltage polarity at the dotted terminal of a coil. If current enters the dotted terminal, it induces a positive voltage in another coupled coil's dotted terminal; if it exits the dotted terminal, it induces a negative voltage. Coupling can be electrical, through a physical connection, or magnetic, without connection. Electrical coupling is classified as aiding if currents enter dotted terminals, or opposing if one exits and one enters. Magnetic coupling also has aiding and opposing types based on dotted terminal current direction.
Basic of Electrical Circuits
Basic of circuit
Charge
Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles which matter consists.
The unit of charge is the coulomb (C).
The symbol for the charge is Q (or) q.
ퟏ풄풐풖풍풐풎풃=ퟏ/(ퟏ.ퟔퟎퟐ×〖ퟏퟎ〗^(−ퟏퟗ) )=ퟔ.ퟐퟒ× 〖ퟏퟎ〗^ퟏퟖ 풆풍풆풄풕풓풐풏풔
Types of charge
Positive charge
Negative charge
A single electron has a charge of -1.602x10-19 c.
A single proton has a charge of +1.602x10-19 c.
Current
The flow of free electrons in a conductor is called electric current.
The electric current is defined as the time rate of charge.
The unit of current is the ampere (A).
The symbol for the current is I (or) i.
1ampere=1coulomb/second
Voltage
The potential difference between two points in an electric circuit called voltage.
The unit of voltage is volt.
Voltage is represented by V (or) v.
Power
The rate at which work done by electrical energy (or) energy supplied per unit time is called the power.
Power is the rate at which energy is expanded or the absorbing.
The power denoted by either P or p.
It is measured in watts (W). P = V x I
Network
Interconnection of two or more simple circuit elements is called an electric network.
Circuit
A network contains at least one closed path, it is called electrical circuit.
Active Elements
The sources of energy are called active element. They may be voltage source or current source.
Example:
Generators, Transistors, etc.
Passive Elements
These elements stores (in the form of electrostatic, electromagnetic energy) or dissipates energy (in the form of heat).
Example:
Resistance (R), Inductor (L), Capacitor (C).
Resistance
It is the property of a substance which opposes the flow of current through it.
The resistance of element is denoted by the symbol “R”.
It is measured in Ohms (Ω).
Inductor
It is the property of a substance which stores energy in the form of electromagnetic field.
The inductance of element is denoted by the symbol “L”.
It is measured in Henry (Η).
Capacitor
It is the property of a substance which stores energy in the form of electrostatic field.
The capacitance of element is denoted by the symbol “C”
It is measured in Farads (Ϝ).
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Vskills certified it support professional reading material
Vskills IT Support Professional Sample reading material covers the following concepts.
1. Electronics basics
1.1 Electricity versus Electronics
1.2 Electricity Basics
1.3 Analog electronics
1.4 Digital electronics
Get complete e-book
http://www.vskills.in/certification/information-technology/certified-it-support-professional
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The document discusses various electrical and electronic components. It defines voltage, current, and resistance, and explains Ohm's law. It describes different types of resistors, including variable resistors, and how resistors can be connected in series or parallel. It also discusses semiconductor components like diodes, LEDs, transistors, capacitors, and relays. It provides examples of simple circuits using these components.
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3. A capacitor stores electric charge between two conductors separated by an insulator. Capacitance is its ability to store charge. Common capacitor types include parallel plate, spherical, and cylindrical capacitors.
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This document discusses negative differential resistance, which is a characteristic of some electronic devices where an increase in current causes a decrease in voltage. It can be exhibited by tunnel diodes and Gunn diodes. Negative differential resistance adds energy to a circuit unlike a regular resistor which consumes energy. It has applications in oscillators where it can produce sustained oscillations by counteracting energy losses in a resonant circuit. It can also function as a signal amplifier at microwave frequencies when used with a bandpass filter.
Electricity
Electricity is a form of energy resulting from the existence and flow of electric charge. It occurs naturally in lightning or can be produced in generators. Electricity has three main components - voltage, current, and resistance. Voltage is the potential energy pushing electrons through a circuit. Current is the continuous flow of electrons. Resistance prevents the flow of electrons. Electricity can be direct current, flowing in one direction, or alternating current, which switches direction periodically.
Internal Resistance, EMF and Oscilloscopes.ppt
The document discusses internal resistance, electromotive force (EMF), and using an oscilloscope to measure signals. It explains that batteries have internal resistance that causes voltage to drop as current increases. EMF is defined as the work needed to produce a potential difference without current flow. An example shows a starter motor drawing high current can cause headlights to dim due to the battery's internal resistance. Finally, it describes using an oscilloscope to measure the frequency and voltage of signals from a signal generator.
Capacitor
A capacitor is a device that stores electrons and is made up of two conductors separated by an insulator. Capacitors come in different sizes, shapes, and models and can store varying amounts of charge depending on their design. There are several types of capacitors including non-polarized capacitors that can be connected either way in a circuit, polarized capacitors that must be connected correctly, variable capacitors whose capacitance can be adjusted, and trimmer capacitors designed to be set during circuit assembly.
Fundamentals of electric circuits
This document contains Abdullah Al Mahfuj's profile and a presentation on fundamentals of electrical circuits. The presentation covers principal elements like independent voltage and current sources, dependent sources, branches, nodes, loops and meshes. It also explains Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws, electric current, voltage, power, and basic measuring devices like ohmmeters, ammeters and voltmeters.
Photoelectric transducer
The document discusses various types of photosensitive devices that can convert light energy into electrical energy. It describes passive transducers like photoemissive, photoconductive cells and active photovoltaic transducers. Selenium cells are introduced as early photovoltaic devices that use the photovoltaic effect to generate voltage and current. Other active transducers discussed include photomultiplier tubes, photodiodes, and light dependent resistors. Various biomedical applications of photosensitive devices are also mentioned like pulse pickup, respiration monitoring, and blood oxygen detection.
Circuits ppt unit 1 s2
Circuits can be connected in either series or parallel configurations. In a series circuit, current must flow through components one after the other and the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances. In a parallel circuit, there are multiple paths for current to flow and the voltage is the same across each branch while the current depends on the resistance of each branch. Electricity is measured and paid for based on kilowatt-hours which represents the energy used over time.
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Similar to 15 ppt
Vskills certified it support professional reading material
Vskills IT Support Professional Sample reading material covers the following concepts.
1. Electronics basics
1.1 Electricity versus Electronics
1.2 Electricity Basics
1.3 Analog electronics
1.4 Digital electronics
Get complete e-book
http://www.vskills.in/certification/information-technology/certified-it-support-professional
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This document provides an overview of basic electronic components, including resistors, capacitors, diodes, light emitting diodes (LEDs), transistors, inductors, and integrated circuits (ICs). It describes the function of each component, with resistors being used to reduce current flow, capacitors to store electrical energy, diodes to only conduct current in one direction, LEDs to emit light when current flows through, transistors to amplify or switch signals, inductors to store energy in a magnetic field, and ICs integrating many electronic circuits onto a single semiconductor chip.
Electronic Components
The document defines and describes the basic functions of common electronic components, including resistors, diodes, transistors, capacitors, speakers, motors, and sensors. It explains that resistors limit electrical current, diodes only conduct current in one direction, transistors are used as electronic switches, capacitors store energy, speakers convert electrical signals to sound, and sensors like LDRs convert light levels to resistance.
Electricity And Magnetism.pptx
Electricity and magnetism are closely related phenomena. Electricity is the flow of electric charge, typically electrons or protons. It can be easily converted to many other forms of energy. Magnetism arises from moving electric charges like electrons orbiting atomic nuclei.
Electrical power is a measure of the rate of energy transfer by an electrical circuit over time, usually measured in watts. It can be potential energy stored in electric fields or kinetic energy of moving charges.
Active components in electronics like transistors can control or amplify current/voltage. Passive components like resistors, inductors and capacitors influence current flow but require no external power.
Current Electricity Chp-8 General Science 9th 10th
Subject : General Science
Teacher: Mr Ehtisham Ul Haq
Class: BS EDUCATION
Semester: 2nd (Spring(2023-2027)
Date Of Starting Of Semester : 4 September 2023
Date Of End Of Semester : 20 January 2024
University Of Sargodha
Institute of Education
These are the presentation slides that we prepare by our own research and work!
electronics basics
Dr. S. Kavitha's presentation defined electronics as the science controlling electric energy using electrons. It discussed basic electronic components including resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits. Transformers were described as transferring energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction and commonly used to change AC voltage levels. Integrated circuits were defined as small electronic devices made from semiconductor material that are used in many devices.
ppt on Introduction to basic electrical concept by harshid panchal
introduction to basic electrical concept
in contains I,V,P,Energy,Resistor, Inductor,Capacitor & source of electricle energy.
made by:
Harshid Panchal
Manthan Rajput,
Harsh Prajapati.
suggested by:
ma'm Supraja Giddaluru,
gandhinagar institute of technology
Description of Electronics components
Resistance opposes current flow and is measured in ohms. A capacitor stores electric charge when a voltage is applied and releases it when needed, with its capacitance measured in farads. An inductor stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it, with its inductance measured in henrys. Basic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors can be combined in series or parallel configurations, with the total resistance, capacitance, or inductance calculated differently depending on the configuration.
1 basic electronics
1) Sound is transmitted through vibrations in air that can be converted to electrical signals through transducers like microphones. Recording equipment uses analog and digital electronics to store and manipulate these signals.
2) Analog electronics represent sound as continuously varying electrical signals, while digital uses discrete measurements. Components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors can store and direct current based on properties like resistance and reactance.
3) Transformers, consisting of coils with overlapping magnetic fields, can change voltages through inductive coupling. Simple circuits combining passive elements perform most of the operations in electronic devices.
BHUVI REPORT WORK DETAIL
The document provides information about basic electrical and electronic components. It discusses resistors, inductors, capacitors, cells/batteries, generators, motors, and their characteristics. Resistors oppose current flow and lower voltage. Inductors store energy in magnetic fields. Capacitors store electric charge. Cells/batteries convert chemical into electrical energy. Generators convert mechanical into electrical energy. Motors convert electrical into mechanical energy. The document also covers international terminal markings, types of connections for resistors/motors, and applications of these components.
Basic electronics.rtf
Electronics is the branch of physics concerned with the design of circuits using transistors and microchips to control the behavior and movement of electrons. Key components include resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, and transistors. Together, these components can be used to build logic gates which are the basic building blocks of digital circuits and computers. Sensors are also important electronic components that detect changes in the environment and convert them to electrical signals.
Current Electricity Chp-8 General Science 9th 10th
Subject : General Science
Teacher: Mr Ehtisham Ul Haq
Class: BS EDUCATION
Semester: 2nd (Spring(2023-2027)
Date Of Starting Of Semester : 4 September 2023
Date Of End Of Semester : 20 January 2024
University Of Sargodha
Institute of Education
These are the presentation slides that we prepare by our own research and work!
Slideshow on transducers
Important slideshow for the students of XII vocational bifocal electronics. This slideshow covers 3rd chapter of their syllabus. Very useful for self preparation.
application of electronics in computer
Resistors, capacitors, diodes, light emitting diodes (LEDs), transistors, inductors, and Bluetooth technology are some basic electronic components. Resistors control current and voltage using Ohm's law. Capacitors store electric charge on conductive plates separated by a dielectric. Diodes allow current to flow in only one direction. LEDs are used for displays and indicators. Transistors regulate current flow and act as switches. Inductors store energy in magnetic fields. Bluetooth uses radio signals to connect devices over short wireless distances.
Definition of electronics
Electronics is the study of the flow and control of electrons in materials like vacuums, gases, and semiconductors. This involves devices that resist, carry, select, steer, switch, store, manipulate, and exploit electrons. Some basic electrical components and concepts are defined, including passive and active components, direct current (DC), alternating current (AC), voltage, current, resistance, batteries, resistors, capacitors, inductors, semiconductors, silicon, and diodes. Ohm's law describes the relationship between voltage, resistance, and current in a circuit. Power is the rate of electric energy produced over time.
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15 ppt
- 1. Welcome
- 4. Introduction Sir Isaac Newton is considered as one of the greatest scientists and Mathematicians of all time. He was born on the christmas morning in 1642 at Woolsthorpe in Lincolnshire . It was also the year in which the famous scientist Galileo died.
- 5. A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a transistor. Resister
- 7. A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field. In its simplest form, a capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulating material called the dielectric Capacitor
- 8. A transistor is a device that regulates current or voltage flow and acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals. Transistors consist of three layers of a semiconductor material, each capable of carrying a current. Transister
- 9. Electrical power transformer is a static device which transforms electrical energy from one circuit to another without any direct electrical connection and with the help of mutual induction between two windings. Transformer
- 10. Transformers can be of two types: Step-up Transformer On a step-up transformer there are more turns on the secondary coil than the primary coil. The induced voltage across the secondary coil is greater than the applied voltage across the primary coil or in other words the voltage has been “stepped-up”.
- 11. Step-down Transformer A step down transformer has less turns on the secondary coil that the primary coil. The induced voltage across the secondary coil is less the applied voltage across the primary coil or in other words the voltage is “stepped-down”.
- 12. A variable resistor for changing the resistance of an electrical circuit without interrupting the circuit, used as for regulating the brightness of electric lights Rheostat
- 13. The measuring instrument called a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider used for measuring electric potential(voltage); the component is an implementation of the same principle, hence its name. Potentiometer
- 14. A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it. LED