This document provides an overview of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. It describes the basic components of an RFID system including RFID tags, readers, and backend software. It explains the different types of RFID tags and how they derive power and communicate. Examples of current applications are given across various industries like access control, asset tracking, supply chain management. The document also includes a survey of industries respondents felt RFID could be applied to and discusses some pros and cons of the technology.

3. CONTENTS
RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio
frequency
Tag carries with its information
 a serial number
 Model number
 Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible reader,
they transmit this information back to the reader, thereby identifying the
object

4. RFID COMPONENTS
A basic RFID system consists of these components:
 A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data; consisting of
 an RFID chip for data storage
 an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip
 A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay
 Application software and a host computer system

5. RFID TAG
The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin film
medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by the
antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies, to an
RFID reader
3 types
 Passive
 Semi-passive
 Active

6. TYPES OF RFID TAGS
Active Tags
• Use a battery
• communicate over
distances of
several meters
Semi-passive Tags
• Contain built-in
batteries to power
the chip’s circuitry,
resist interference
and circumvent a
lack of power from
the reader signal
due to long
distance.
• They are different
from active tags in
that they only
transmit data at the
time a response is
received
Passive Tags
• Derive their power
from the field
generated by the
reader
• without having an
active transmitter
to transfer the
information stored

7. APPLICATIONS
Frequency
Low Frequency (125kHz)
Appx. Read
Range
<5cm
High Frequency (13.56 Mhz)
(passive)
10 cm – 1m
Low to Moderate
Medium to Low
•
•
(passive)
3m -7m
Moderate to High
Low
•
•
Payment (paywave)
Logistics and Supply Chain
(passive)
10m -15m
High
High
•
•
Baggage Tracking
Electronic toll collection (Autotoll)
•
Container Tracking
Ultra High Frequency (433, 868-928
Mhz)
Microwave (2.45 & 5.8 Ghz)
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
Data Speed
Cost of Tags
Application
Low
High
•
Animal Identification
Access Control
Smart Cards

8. CURRENT APPLICATIONS
Application Segment
Representative Applications
Competitive Technologies
Other keyless entry technologies
Current
Penetration
High
Typical Tag
Type
Passive
Access Control
Doorway entry
Asset Tracking
Locating tractors within a freight yard
None
Low
Active
Asset Tagging
Tracking corporate computing systems
Bar Code
Low
Passive
Authentication
Luxury goods counterfeit prevention
Holograms
Low
Passive
Baggage Tracking
Positive bag matching
Bar Code, Optical Character
Recognition
Low
Passive
POS Applications
SpeedPass
Credit Cards, Smart Cards,
Wireless Phones
Medium
Passive
SCM (Container Level)
Tracking containers in shipping terminals
GPS-based Systems
Low
Active
SCM (Pallet Level)
Tracking palletized shipments
Bar Code
Minimal
Active, Passive
SCM (Item Level)
Identifying individual items
Bar Code
Minimal
Passive
Vehicle Identification
Electronic toll collection
Bar Code, License plate, reader
systems
Medium
Active, Passive
Vehicle Immobilizers
Automotive ignition systems
Other theft prevention technologies High
Passive

9. SURVEY RESULT
Types of industries that respondents think
it is possible to apply RFID technology
Document Management
8%
Inventory Control
10%
Security
8%
Library Management
21%
Customer Services
5%
Other
18%
Hotel Management
5%
Banking and Finance
5%
Pharmaceutic
manufacturing industries
15%
Logistics and Supply Chain
Management
20%
Social Services
3%

10. Octopus (Smart Card)

11. Access Control

12. ONLINE SURVEY
Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications
Site:
 http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4

13. VIDEO

14. CONCLUSION
Positive
 RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other materials
 Hold more data than barcode does
 RFID tags data can be changed or added
 More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
 Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
 RFID signals may have problems with some materials
 RFID standards are still being developed