Derived Positions

2. Dr. Tooba Asif, PT
Lecturer
DPT (RIU), MS-OMPT (RIU)
Certified Kinesio Taping Practitioner (CKTP, USA)
Certified Dry Needling Practitioner (CDNP, UK)
DERIVED POSITIONS

3. BY ALTERATION OF LEGS
• Close standing
• Toe standing
• Stride standing
• Walk standing
• Half standing

4. CLOSE STANDING
• Legs are rotated inwards at hip so
that medial borders of feet are
adjacent
MUSCLE WORK
• Leg muscles work more strongly
than in the fundamental position.

5. EFFECTS & USES OF
CLOSE STANDING
• Size of the base is reduced & balance is more difficult
• Progression to standing
• Relaxation of the lateral rotators of hip often results
in a loss of bracing effect on whole leg Including
longitudinal arches of feet.

6. TOE STANDING
• Heels are pressed together & raised
from the floor.
MUSCLE WORK
• Plantarflexor of ankle joint work
strongly against gravity to keep heels
elevated.
• All leg muscles work more strongly
than in fundamental position to keep
balance

7. EFFECTS & USES OF
TOE STANDING
• Base is reduced &center of gravity is raised so used in
balance
• Strong work for foot muscles stretch
• Value in treatment of flat foot & posture training

8. STRIDE STANDING
• Legs are abducted so that the heels
are two foot lengths apart
• Feet remain same as in fundamental
position & weight is equally
distributed btw them.
MUSCLE WORK
• Adductors of hip may work to prevent
the legs from sliding further apart if
position is taken on a slippery floor

9. EFFECTS & USES OF
STRIDE STANDING
• Effective base is much enlarge laterally, making this
an easy & suitable position from which to perform
exercises especially in a frontal plane.

10. WALK STANDING
• One leg is placed directly forwards so that the heels
are two foot-lengths apart & are on same line.
• Body weight is equally distributed btw them.
MUSCLE WORK
• Tension on the structure anterior to hip & on calf
muscles of posterior leg,
• Extensors of hip & knee of this leg work strongly to
maintain position.

11. EFFECTS & USES OF
WALK STANDING
• Base is much enlarged in antero posterior direction
stabilizing body for exercises in sagittal plane.
• Rotation of pelvis towards side of forward leg is
prevented by position of back leg, so it used to
localize rotation to spine.
• Tension on hamstrings of forward leg likewise
prevents tilting of pelvis in trunk flexion exercises.

12. HALF STANDING
• Whole weight of the body is supported
on one leg, other may be free or
supported in a variety of position.
MUSCLE WORK
• Abductors of the hip of standing leg
work to maintain center of gravity over
the base by a Slight lateral tilting of
pelvis

13. • Lumber side flexors of opposite side work to bring
trunk into alignment
• All muscles of supporting leg work more strongly
than in standing to support additional weight &
preserve balance

14. EFFFECTS & USES OF
HALF STANDING
• Unsupporting leg is free to move
• Difficulty in balancing
• PROGRESSION IN HALF STANDING
• Leg free from body weight may rest in different
positions.

15. STEP STANDING
• on a stool with hip & knee bent

16. BY ALTERATION OF
THE TRUNK

17. LAX STOOP STANDING
• hips are flexed & trunk, head & arms
are relaxed so that they hang forwards
& downwards.
• Balance is maintained by a slight
plantar flexion at ankle joints causing a
backward inclination

18. EFFECTS & USES OF
LAX STOOP STANDING
• Amount of forward flexion is dictated by tension,
develops in hamstrings & lumbar ms,
• Position used to train relaxation of upper body & to
assist expiration.
• Position used prior to extension exercises of hips &
spine.

19. • Position is unsuitable for weak or elderly patients as
dependent position of body causes an increase
• Blood flow to head which maybe followed by
depletion on raising to upright position &
consequent feeling of giddiness.

20. STOOP STANDING
• Hip joints are flexed while trunk,
head & arms remain in alignment&
are inclined forwards.
• Angle to which trunk is inclined
usually about a right angle but
depends on tension of hamstrings
which control forward tilt of pelvis
when knees are straight.

21. MUSCLE WORK
• Extensor of knees may work to counteract tension of
hamstrings
• Longitudinal & transverse back muscles & extensors
of shoulder & elbows maintain position against pull
of gravity
• Posterior neck muscles controlled by pre-vertebral
muscles support head.

22. EFFECTS & USES
• Strong work for neck & back muscles with stretching
of spine, trains good posture of back muscles.
• Fixation in flexion of lumber spine localizes
movement to joints above this level, it is valuable but
difficult position to hold correctly.

23. BY ALTERATION OF
THE LEGS & TRUNK

24. FALLOUT STANDING
• One leg is placed directly forwards to a distance of
three foot-lengths & this knee is bent
• Back leg remains straight & body is inclined forward
in line with it.

25. MUSCLE WORK
• Extensors & foot muscles of forward leg work strongly to
support most of weight
• Extensors of back leg keep trunk & leg straight
• Dorsiflexor of this foot work to keep the heel on ground
• Head & trunk muscles work but there is a degree of
rotation & lateral tilt of pelvis away from forward
leg,balance is maintained by action of trunk rotators &
lumber muscles on this side.

26. EFFECTS & USES
• position used in treatment of spinal curvature
• When support is given to arms & shoulders,it is an
excellent position to utilize body weight either for
giving pressure or resistance in direction of fallout.