Presentation given at the Conference of the European Biogas Association 2014.

1. Development of biomethane from syngas and
www.sgc.se
biogas in Sweden
Anna-Karin Jannasch, The Swedish Gas Technology Centre AB
EBA conference 2014, October 1st

2. • About the Swedish Gas Technology Centre
• A few words about:
– The Swedish energy and gas situation
– Today´s biogas & biomethane production and applications
– Swedish visions & goals and the future role of biomethane
• Status of some larger Swedish biomethane
production plants and projects
• Conclusions
www.sgc.se
Outline

3. • Founded in 1990
• Office in the southern part of Sweden, Malmö
• 6 employees, annual turn-over (2012) 1,8 MEUR
• Owners: The Swedish Gas Association, some bigger
energy companies with an interest for gas and the
Swedish TSO
www.sgc.se
The Swedish Gas Technology Centre

4. www.sgc.se
Vision and Mission
”Catalyzing energygas development for
sustainable solutions”
SGC aims to
• be the reference point of gas research in Sweden
• coordinate R&D for the gas industry with a focus on
renewable
• support the commercialization of sustainable
technology solutions

5. www.sgc.se
What we do
• Coordinate R&D in cooperation with the Swedish Energy Agency
• Disseminate knowledge on energygases
– SGC Reports
– Brochures
• Swedish representative to
– GERG – The European Gas Research Group
– IEA Task 37 on landfill and biogas
• Organise events for the industry and academy to meet
- Green Gas Research Outlook Seminar (24-25 March), www.greengasresearch.se
- Gasakademin Summer School (11-15 August), www.gasakademin.se
- Nordic Biogas Conference (27-29 August), www.nordicbiogas.com
- InterBaltic Biogas Arena, IBBA (4 September), www.ibbaworkshop.se
- International Seminar on Gasification, ISG (15-16 October), www.gasification.se
• Consultancy work including e.g. biogas upgrading, gas transportation,
gasification, gaseous fuels, standardization etc.

6. www.sgc.se
A network in world-class!

7. www.sgc.se
A few words about the Swedish
energy and gas situation…

8. Transports- the main challenge in Sweden to become
fossil free
Total energy supply in Sweden (2011) – 577 TWh
www.sgc.se
Crude
and
oil
products
Natural
gas,
town
gas
Coal
Biofuel,
peat
Heat
pumps
in
hea9ngs
plants
Hydro
power,
gross
Nuclear
power,
gross
Wind
power
Electricity,
net
Nuclear Oil
Biofuel,
waste,
peat
Hydro
Gas
Industry – 25 % fossil fuels (oil, coal,natural gas)
Households – 10 % fossil fuels (oil)
Transports – 92 % fossil fuels
Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

9. www.sgc.se
Limited national gas grid
Göteborg
Helsingborg x 2
Denmark (pipeline)
Laholm/Båstad
Falkenberg
Nynäshamn (LNG)
• The gas
corresponds to
approx. 3 % of the
total energy
supply.
• Biomethane
injected at 8
different locations.
Lidköping (LBG)
Lysekil (LNG)

10. Sweden is world leading in transporting
gas off-grid
• The majority of the biomethane in Sweden is today transported on the road
www.sgc.se
as compressed gas (200 bars) or as liquified gas
• Local and regional gas grids gains more attention (for biomethane AND raw
biogas) aimed to connect industries, cities and biomethane production
plants with a LNG-terminal at the coast

11. www.sgc.se
Biogas production 2005-2012
• 242 biogas plants 1,6 TWh biogas (2012)
EU´s prohibit on landfilling of organic matter in 2005. National
goal on improving the collection of food waste
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
( )..number of plants in 2012
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Biogas production (GWh)
Landfills (55)
Co-digestion (21)
Agriculture (26)
Industrial waste (5)
Waste water treatment
(135)
Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency
30 000 ton 2005 –
250 000 ton 2012

12. www.sgc.se
Biogas utilization 2005-2012
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Missing data
Flaring
Power
Heating incl losses
Upgrading
Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

13. www.sgc.se
The interest for NGVs is increasing
205 gas filling
stations (5 with LNG/
LBG)
≈ 2 % of the total
44 000 (1%) vehicle fuel
2 200 (16%)
700 (1%)
Buses provide a
stable market for a
long time, important
for the dev. of vehicle
gas in Sweden
Source: www.gasbilen.se, SPBI Branschfakta 2014

14. Swedish visions and goals
• The Swedish Gas Industry´s visions are:
www.sgc.se
- 100 % biomethane in the vehicle gas in 2030
- 100 % biomethane in the gas grid in 2050
CHP/
Heat
Vehicle fuel
Biomethane
Natural gas
Industrial
processes

15. Swedish visions and goals
• Fossil free vehicle fleet in 2050, through the
following measures:
www.sgc.se
- ↓ Needs for transports
- ↑ Energy efficient vehicles
- ↑ Proportion of electricity and bio-fuels

16. www.sgc.se
The realizable biomethane potential
for the vehicle fleet in Sweden 2030
25
20
15
10
5
0
scenario
1
scenario
2
scenario
3
MIN
MAX
• 0,9 TWh biomethane in 20131
• Totally 7 TWh biofuels in 20122
(1) Source: Utredningen av Fossilfri fordonstrafik, Dec 2013
(2) Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency
TWh

17. www.sgc.se
Some information about the largest
industrial biomethane productions
plants and projects in Sweden

18. GoBiGas – the world´s largest demonstration
GoBiGas = Gothenburg Biomass Gasification project
Purpose: Shall in a commercial scale demonstrate the possibilities of
gasifaction to produce renewable and CO2-neutral biomethane
Project owner: Göteborg Energi AB
www.sgc.se
plant for biomethane production

19. www.sgc.se
GoBiGas- a step-by-step development
Chalmers lab-reactor
Chalmers 2-4 MW Pilot
plant
GoBiGas Phase 1
20 MW biogas
Demo plant R&D
GoBiGas Phase 2
80-100 MW biogas
Commercial demo-plant
2008 2012 2016
Source: GoBiGas/Göteborg Energi

20. GoBiGas – Facts in short
Facts
- 1st Swedish plant to inject biomethane into the
national transmission gas grid (30 bars)
- Polygeneration (vehicle fuel, process industry,
electricity and heat)
- Forest residues as feed stock (initially wood
pellets)
- Commercial scale in 2 phases:
www.sgc.se
1) 20 MWbio-SNG (160 GWh/yr) + heat
demonstration plant. Cost: 160
M€ (24 M€ supported by the
Swedish Energy Agency)
2) 80 - 100 MWbio-SNG (640 - 800
GWh/yr) + heat commercial plant.
Cost: 325 M€, awarded for NER300
support (59 M€ available)
Technology
- Atmospheric Indirect gasification
(Repotec, AUT & Valmet, FI)
- Gas cleaning and methanation, (Haldor
Topsoe, DK)
- Overall performance goals
- Biomass to biomethane 65-70 %
- Energy efficiency > 90 %
Status
- Demonstration plant in commissioning since
Nov 2013
- Gasifier in operation for > 1000 h (6 days
continous), gas cleaning & methanation under
start-up (August 2014)
- Decision for initilizing phase 2 will be taken
when phase 1 is proven succesful and
conditions for acceptable revenues can be met
Source: Ingemar Gunnarsson, Göteborg Energi AB

21. Technology
Project is awaiting decision on the long-term policy instruments for biofuels
www.sgc.se
Bio2G – A reference plant in Sweden for
production of bio-SNG by thermal gasification
- Production capacity 200 MWbio-SNG
(1,6 TWh/yr) + heat & electricity
- Forest residues as feed stock
- To be located in Malmö/Landskrona
- Project owner: E.ON
- Investment cost: 450 M € , Awarded
for NER300 support (203 M€
available)
- Pressurized O2-blown
gasification (Andritz, FI)
- Gas cleaning and methanation,
(Haldor Topsoe, DK)
Facts
Source: Björn Möller-Fredriksson, E.ON Gasification AB

22. Lidköping Biogas – The first LBG-plant in Sweden
• Production capacity: 60 GWh/yr, enough
to fuel 6000 cars/yr, 50 000 m3 digestate/
yr
• The condensation requires ≈ 1 kWh per
Nm3 biomethane (Reverse Nitrogen
Brayton Cycle)
• Energy efficient transportation – up to 5-6
X energy/volume compared to CBG@ 200
bars
• 13,6 kWh/kg LBG; 5,75 kWh/litre LBG
(Diesel 9,8 kWh/litre)
• Residues from local food industry and
grain handling used as feed stock
• Operational since April 2012
• Project owner: Swedish Biogas
International, Göteborg Energi AB and the
community of Lidköping
www.sgc.se
For more information, go to
http://www.lidkopingbiogas.se/

23. www.sgc.se
Examples of larger co-digestion plants
NSR Biogas plant
• Production capacity: 80 GWh/yr
biomethane, 68 000 tonnes/yr
certified digestate
• Operational since 1996
• Co-digestion of household waste,
residues from local food industry and
manure.
• Certified digestate distributed through
a pipe-line (10 km) directly to the
farms
• Injection to the national distribution
grid
• Plans to build a LBG-plant
Tekniska Verken in Linköping
• Production capacity: 100 GWh/yr
biomethane, 80 000 tonnes/yr certified
digestate
• Operational since 1997
• Co-digestion of household waste and
residues from local food industry
Jordberga biogas plant
• Production capacity: 110 GWh/yr
biomethane, 110 000 tonnes/yr
certified digestate
• Started up operation in 2014
• Co-digestion of local energy crops
• Injection to the national
transmission and distribution gas
grid

24. www.sgc.se
Conclusions
• Sweden is world leading of utilizing biomethane as vehicle fuel and in
transporting the gas off-grid
• 1,6 TWh biogas production, out of which 53 % is upgraded to
biomethane (2012)
• National aim is to have a fossil free vehicle fleet in 2050 by decreasing
the needs for transports, by increasing the energy efficiency of the
vehicles and by increasing the proportion of electricity and bio-fuels
• The Swedish biomethane potential is estimated up to 22 TWh (2030)
• Great need for a variety of short- and long terms politic-economic
incentives so the biomethane (biofuel) potential also becomes a reality

25. When? 15-16th October
Where? Malmö, Sweden
Read more at www.gasification.se
www.sgc.se
WELCOME TO

26. www.sgc.se
Thanks for your attention
Read more about SGC and our activities on
www.sgc.se
www.conference.sgc.se
www.gasiditthus.se

27. www.sgc.se
Gasification
Methanation
Gasifier Combustor
Tar removal Sulphur
removal
Fuel handling
CO2-
removal
Dryer
Steam
Drying
Biomethane Upgrading
Shift
Air
Steam
Flue gas
Wood
pellets
Bed
material
Tar removal
Forest
residues
Methanation
Bag filter
De-NOx
Tar
Sulphur rich gas
Air
preheater
Hot
water
Hot
water
CO2 to inert
gas system/
atm
Tar
Technical principles