Film noir is characterized by 12 key ingredients: 1) dark, shadowy black and white images usually shot at night in urban settings. 2) Hardboiled, cynical characters like a male protagonist facing a moral dilemma or threat who is a loner. 3) A femme fatale who is gorgeous but dangerous and manipulative. 4) Elements of crime or detective stories, voice over narration, and flashbacks that link the past and present.