1. 12 SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
Research Paper - Geography
December , 2013
Introduction:-
As per decennial census the pace of progress
in literacy rate in India is very slow.According to cen-
sus2011 theliteracyrateofIndia is74.04 percent.The
corresponding literacy rate for male is 82.14 percent
and for female it is 65.46 percent. The said figure in
Haryanastateis85.4percentformaleand66.8 percent
forfemale.Thestudyhasbeencarriedoutin21districts
of Haryana as per state abstract and census state of
2001and2011.
Government of India and State Government have fo-
cused on Women Education. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
(SSA)isbeingimplementedingrossenforcementratio.
National Programme for education of girls at elemen-
tarylevel(NPEGEL)hasbeenaimedtoimprovestrength
of girl students. Many parts of district of
Ambala,kurukshetra,kaithal and sirsa are victims of
poverty and illiteracy. Similarly Mewat area is very
backward dominated byMuslimwho is mostilliterate.
The Haryana Govt. is running various literacy
programme to improve the literacy percentage in the
State. The detail is as under. See Table 1
GenderrelatedEducationalDevelopmentIndex(GEDI/
GDI) is to measure inequality in educational achieve-
ment between men and women. This paper presents
district wise appraisal of GEDI during 2001-2011 in
Gender Related Educational Development of Haryana
State: ASpatio-TemporalAppraisal.
* Dr. Anita
*AssistantProfessor(Geography)Guestfacultyin IndiraGandhiUniversity,MirpurRewari.
A B S T R A C T
The progress in literacy rate as revealed by decennial census is very slow in India. According to census 2011, out of 74.04
percent of literacy rate, the corresponding figures for male and female are 82.14 and 65.46 percent respectively. It means
four out of every five males and two out of every three female of the age seven and above are literate in the country. This
figure is 85.4 percent for male and 66.8 percent for female in Haryana State as for 2011 census. The Government has taken
up various for* improvement in Gross Enrollment Ratio. The United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) introduced
Gender Related Educational Development Index (GEDI/GDI) to measure inequality in educational achievement between
women and men. The study has been some district wise and GEDI is measured during 2001-2011 in Haryana state. The
upward movement in GEDI level has been studied.
Haryana state. GEDI is a measure of how for a district
hasatravelledfromminimumlevelofachievementand
how for it has still to travel.
Study Area:
Initially the Haryana State had 12 Districts
which subsequently increased to 21 with creation of a
new district in different years. Haryana State lagging
between latitude 27o 39' 00" to 30o 55' 05" N and lon-
gitude 74o 36' 05" E covers total geographical area of
44212 sq. km. It is located in the northern part of the
country and has New Delhi as its neighbor along with
Punjab and Rajasthan. The population of Haryana
according to 2011 census stands at about 25 million
making the 17th most populated state of India. The
state is spread over an area of about 44000 sq. km and
it is 20th largest state in the country in terms of area.
Literacy rate in Haryana has seen upward trend and is
76.64 percent.As per 2011 population census of that
maleliteracystandsat85.38percentandfemaleliteracy
isat66.77percent.In2001,theliteracyrateinHaryana
stood at 67.91 percent of which male and female were
76.10 and 59.61 percent literate respectively.
Methodology:
The methodology is based on UNDP-human
developmentreport(HDR)framework.Themethodol-
TABLE-1 Status of literacy programme in Haryana.
Status No. of Distt. Programme going on Project Submitted
to be sanctioned
Post literacy 11 Faridabad, Hissar,Sirsa,Kaithal, Bhiwani, Rohtak, Ambala
fatehabad, Kurukshetra, jhajjar, Mewat
P L 1 Proposed sent approval by NLMA and not Gurgaon
sanctioned due to technical reason
Continuing Education 4 Yamunanagar, Panchkula, Sonepat and Karnal
CE 1 Proposed and sent to SRC Rohtak Rewari
CE 3 Proposed and sent to NLMA for approval Panipat, Jind
and Mohindergarh

2. 13SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
TABLE 1 Showing percentage of population and literacy by sex in Haryana state (District wise ) as per 2001 census.
STATE/DISTRICT Percentage of Percentage of Male literacy Female literacy
Male population Female population rate rate
Haryana 53.7 46.3 78.5 55.7
Panchkula 54.8 45.2 80.9 65.7
Ambala 53.5 46.5 82.3 67.4
Yamunanagar 53.7 46.3 78.8 63.4
Khurushetra 53.6 46.4 78.1 60.6
Kaithal 53.9 46.1 69.2 47.3
Karnal 53.6 46.4 76.3 58.0
Panipat 54.6 45.4 78.5 58.0
Sonepat 54.4 45.4 83.1 60.7
Jind 54.0 46.0 73.8 48.5
Fatehabad 53.0 47.0 62.2 46.5
Sirsa 53.1 46.9 70.1 49.9
Hisar 54.0 46.0 76.6 51.1
Bhiwani 53.2 46.8 80.3 53.0
Rohtak 54.1 45.9 83.2 62.6
Jhajjar 54.1 45.9 83.3 59.6
Mahendergarh 52.1 47.9 84.7 54.1
Rewari 52.6 47.4 88.4 60.8
Gurgaon 53.3 46.7 88.0 67.5
Faridabad 54.3 45.7 85.1 65.5
Table 2 : Showing percentage of population and literacy by sex in Haryana state (District wise ) as per 2011 census.
STATE/DISTRICT Percentage of Percentage of Male literacy rate Female literacy rate
Male population Female population
Haryana 53.3 46.7 85.4 66.8
Panchkula 53.5 46.5 88.6 77.5
Ambala 53.1 46.9 88.5 76.6
Yamunanagar 53.3 46.7 85.1 72.0
Khurushetra 52.4 47.1 83.5 69.2
Kaithal 53.2 46.8 79.3 60.7
Karnal 53.0 47.0 83.7 68.3
Panipat 53.7 46.3 85.4 68.2
Sonepat 54.0 46.0 89.4 70.4
Jind 53.5 46.5 82.5 61.6
Fatehabad 52.5 47.5 78.1 59.3
Sirsa 52.7 47.3 78.6 61.2
Hisar 53.4 46.6 82.8 62.3
Bhiwani 53.1 46.9 87.4 64.8
Rohtak 53.5 46.5 88.4 71.2
Jhajjar 53.7 46.3 89.4 71.0
Mahendergarh 52.8 47.2 91.3 65.3
Rewari 52.7 47.3 92.9 70.5
Gurgaon 54.0 46.0 90.3 77.6
Mewat 52.4 47.6 73.0 37.6
Faridabad 53.4 46.6 89.9 75.2
palwal 53.2 46.8 82.6 56.4
Fig 1: District-wise percentage of Male and Female population in Haryana State-2011

3. 14 SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
ogyusedimposespenaltyforinequalitye.g.GEDI falls
when achievement level of both women and men go
down or when disparity between their achievement
increases.TheGEDIvalueof1.0isthemaximumachieve-
mentwithperfectgenderequality.Theminimumvalue
of GEDI is '0'. The GEDI explains/measures howfar a
districthastravelledforminimumlevelofachievement
and how far it has stilled to travel.
TheGEDIispresentedbelow:-
1
GEDI = _____________________
FP/FL +MP/ML
WhereFPandMParefemaleandmalepopulationshare
(index)respectivelyandFLandMLarefemaleandmale
literacy index respectively.The district wise literacy
and educational data for the year 2001 and 2011 are
taken from the census publication and economics and
statistical department of Haryana state.
See Table 2 See Fig 1 & Fig 2
SpatialVariation:
Averylargespatial variation is seen indistri-
bution ofGEDI among twentyone districts ofHaryana
state.Districts like GURGAON , PANCHKULA
,FARIDABAD,REWARI,SONEPAT,JHAJJAR,have
high GEDI because ofgood educational facilities and
large scaleeconomic development . on the other hand
district like Rohtak, Yamunanagar, Mohindergarh,
KhurushetraKarnalPanipat,Bhiwanihaveslightlyless
GEDI as compare to a choice said seven districts.The
remainingsize (Hisar,Jind,Kaithal,Sirsa,Fatehabad,
Palwal) has less GEDI because of poverty.
TheMewatdistricthasverylowGEDIoftheorder0.50
because of the factor that this area is very backward
and dominated by muslims who are least interested in
education. In addition to that poverty is also one of the
factors.ThegenderrelateddevelopmentindexGEDIof
twenty one district of Haryana state for 2001 and 2011
ispresentedintable3.whichshowsimprovementinall
districts except Mewat.
MAP1:Genderrelatededucationaldevelopmentindex
ofHaryana-2001
Fig 2 : District-wise percentage of Male and Female literacy in Haryana state - 2011
See Table 2 , 3
GrowthTrends:-
Duringtheperiod2001-2011,theGenderRe-
lated DevelopmentIndex(GEDI)ofHaryanaStatehas
increased as shown in Table. 4. Out of 21 districts
almost all the districts have registered improvement in
(GEDI)howevertheMewatdistricthasregisteredpoor
GEDIduetobackwardressanddominatedbyMuslims,
who are least interested in education. See Map 2
Conclusion:-
Education is a part of old human race. Since
down of civilization man has been trying to educate
himselfdirectlyorindirectlyinordertomeetthechang-
ing demand of life. Gender issues have emerged since
beginninginmostofthecountriesincludingIndia.The
mainissue,howtoempowerwomentoreduceinequali-
ties in the society. The main purpose of the present

4. 15SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
paper is to thrusts on spatial-temporal Appraisal of
GenderRelatedEducationalDevelopmentIndex(GEDI)
at district level during 2001-2011 periods in Haryana
state.Thefindinghasbeendocumentedintables,maps
diagrams to justify analysis of this enquiry.
MainfindingoftheStudyArea:-
• The state has registered in appreciable increase in
GEDI.
• All districts have registered increase in GEDI.
• Districts like Gurgaon, Panchkula,Ambala,
Faridabad, Rewari and Sonipat have recorded high
est GEDI values varying from 0.84 to 0.80 whereas
Rohtak, YamunaNagar, Mahendergarh, Kurukshetra,
Karnal, Panipat, Bhiwani have recorded moderate in-
crease in GEDI ranging from 0.79 to 0.75. Whereas
Hissar, Jind, Kaithal, Sirsa, Fatehabad, Palwal have
recorded slightlylessGEDIrangingfrom0.72 to0.68.
Mewat is the district facing poor GEDI of the order of
0.50 dueto backwardressand Muslimdominated area.
Table 3 : - District wise- GEDI
RANK 2001 2011
1 GURGAON GURGAON
2 FARIDABAD PANCHKULA
3 AMBALA AMBALA
4 PANCHKULA FARIDABAD
5 REWARI REWARI
6 ROHTAK SONIPAT
7 SONIPAT JHAJJAR
8 YAMUNANAGR ROHTAK
9 JHAJJAR YAMUNANAGR
10 KURUSHETRA MAHENDERGARH
11 PANIPAT KURUSHETRA
12 KARNAL KARNAL
13 MAHENDERGARH PANIPAT
14 BHIWANI BHIWANI
15 HISSAR HISSAR
16 JIND JIND
17 SIRSA KAITHAL
18 KAITHAL SIRSA
19 FATEHABAD FATEHABAD
20 New district after 2005 PALWAL
21 New district after 2005 MEWAT
Table 4 : Upward movement in GEDI level 2001-2011
District 2001 2011
GURGAON 0.77 0.84
PANCHKULA 0.73 0.83
AMBALA 0.75 0.82
FARIDABAD 0.75 0.82
REWARI 0.75 0.81
SONIPAT 0.71 0.80
JHAJJAR 0.71 0.80
ROHTAK 0.72 0.79
YAMUNANAGR 0.71 0.78
MAHENDERGARH 0.67 0.77
Kurukshetra 0.69 0.76
KARNAL 0.67 0.76
PANIPAT 0.68 0.76
BHIWANI 0.65 0.75
HISSAR 0.62 0.72
JIND 0.59 0.71
KAITHAL 0.57 0.69
SIRSA 0.59 0.69
FATEHABAD 0.56 0.68
PALWAL New
district after 2005 0.68
MEWAT New district after 2005 0.50
HARYANA 0.66 0.76
MAP 2: Gender Related Educational Development Index
of Haryana-2011
Female Population
Share (%)
Female Literacy
Rate (%)
Male Population
Share (%)
Male Literacy
Rate (%)
Female Population
Index
Female Literacy
Index
Male Population
Index
Male Literacy
Index
Gender Related Educational
Development Index (GDEI)
Model: CalculationofGenderRelatedEducationalDevelopmentIndex:-

5. 16 SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
Suggestion:-
• The Government should provide good physical
infrastructure in school.
• The Government should focus on existing institu
tions instead of expression.
• Each & every stage of educational process must be
planned and administrated.
1. Census of India 2001 and 2011. Directorate of statistics and Economics, Haryana Government 2010 (Statistical Abstract
of Haryana- 2010)
2. Joshi, Hemlata 2002 : Gender Related Educational Development Index of Rajasthan : A spatial temporal Appraisal.
3. Yadav, N. (2003): Education for Women. Reference Press, New Delhi.
4. Dr. Anuradha Sharma (2012) Gender Related Education Development of Jammu Division.
5. Directorate of Haryana School Education, Haryana Government 2011.
• Schooling facilities must be provided as per size of
school going population.
• Qualified female teachers must be employed to cre
ate interest for female to get inclined towards edu
cation.
• Reasonable teacher-student ratio must be ensured.
• Low cast schooling is needed.
• Priority must be given to bridge the gender equali
ties in education.
R E F E R E N C E