Mendel experimentally studied inheritance through pea plant breeding experiments called mono-hybrid crosses. He demonstrated that alleles for traits segregate and are packaged separately into gametes during reproduction. Specifically, his experiments showed that crossing true-breeding purple flowered plants with true-breeding white flowered plants resulted in offspring that expressed only one parental trait, supporting his theory that inheritance follows basic principles with alleles being transmitted from parents to offspring.

1. Notes 11-09-09
Oogenesis
-Oocyte: Cells that create eggs in females
-Pregnancies in older women tend to have more incidences of
nondisjunction.
-Even cytokinesis
-1 egg is produced in oogenesis
Spermatogenesis
-Even cytokinesis
-Grow flagella, swim
-4 cells produced in spermatogenesis
Mendel and the Gene Idea
-Mendel brought an experimental and quantitative approach to genetics
-Demonstrated the basic principles of inheritance
Law of Segregation
-The two alleles for a character are packaged into separate gametes
-Illustrated by breeding experiments called the mono-hybrid cross
[Page 154 diagram]
Traits observed in pea plants by Mendel
-Page 155-
Cross – purple flowers with white flowers
The monohybrid cross
-true-breeding parents: plants fertilize selves, outcome is the same
in reproduction
Genotype => description of available alleles
Phenotype => displayed characteristic