This document provides an overview of the PROC SUMMARY and PROC SORT procedures in SAS. PROC SUMMARY provides tools to compute descriptive statistics across or within groups of observations, similar to PROC MEANS but unable to perform t-tests, confidence limits, or quantiles. PROC SORT orders observations by specified variables. The document also discusses LABEL and GOTO statements, where GOTO directs program execution to a labeled statement and RETURN returns to the beginning, and provides examples of their use.

1. SAS tutorial 10/25

2. Overview
• PROC SUMMARY
• PROC SORT
• LABEL
• GOTO

3. SUMMARY & SORT

4. PROC SUMMARY
• Provides data summarization tools that
compute descriptive statistics for variables
across all observations or within groups of
observations.
• Similar to PROC MEANS

5. Syntax

6. Differences to MEANS
• Cannot do t-test
• Cannot calculate confidence limits
• Cannot estimate quantiles

7. Example 1

8. DATA creativity

9. Result

10. Use “BY” option

11. “Not sorted in ascending
sequence”

12. PROC SORT
• Orders SAS data set observations by the
values of one or more character or numeric
variables

13. Syntax

14. Example 2

15. Result

16. Example 1

18. Result

19. LABEL & GOTO

20. GOTO
• Directs program execution immediately to the
statement label that is specified and, if
followed by a RETURN statement, returns
execution to the beginning of the DATA step.

21. (Statement) Label
• Specifies a statement label that identifies the
GOTO destination. The destination must be
within the same DATA step. You must specify
the label argument.

22. Example 3

23. • DATA info; • DATA info;
Input X Y; Input X Y;
If 1<=X<=5 then If X<1 or X>5 then do;
go to OK; X=3; count+1;
X=3; count+1; end;
OK:SUMX+X; SUMX+X;
Cards; Cards;
X1 X1’ SUMX
1 1 1
2 2 3
6 3 6
4 4 10
7 3 13
1 1 14

24. Result

25. Return

26. • DATA info; • DATA info;
Input X Y; Input X Y;
If 1<=X<=5 then go to If X<1 or X>5 then do;
OK;
X=3; count+1;
X=3; count+1;
End;
Return;
else SUMX+X;
OK:SUMX+X;
Cards; X1 X1’ SUMX Cards;
1 1 1
2 2 3
6 3 3
4 4 7
7 3 7
1 1 8

27. Result