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100822 the pharisee and the tax collector luke 18 9-14
- 1. Luke 18:9-14 To some who were confident of their own righteousness and looked down on everybody else, Jesus told this parable: Two men went up to the temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector.
- 2. Luke 18:9-14 The Pharisee stood up and prayed about himself: ‘God, I thank You that I am not like other men – robbers, evildoers, adulterers – or even like this tax collector. I fast twice a week and give a tenth of all I get.’
- 3. Luke 18:9-14 But the tax collector stood at a distance. He would not even look up to heaven, but beat his breast and said: ‘God, have mercy on me, a sinner.’
- 4. Luke 18:9-14 I tell you that this man, rather than the other, went home justified before God. For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.
- 5. Luke 18:9-14 The Pharisee and the Tax Collector Jesus’ Parable of Divine Acceptance & Rejection
- 7. Rejection of Others Basis of Rejection
- 8. Luke 18:9 To some who were confident of their own righteousness and looked down on everybody else, Jesus told this parable
- 9. Rejection of Others Self-exaltation Basis of Rejection
- 10. Luke 18:11 “God, I thank you that I am not like other men—robbers, evildoers, adulterers—or even like this tax collector.”
- 11. Luke 18:14 For I tell you, everyone who exalts himself shall be humbled.
- 12. Rejection of Others Self-exaltation Trust in Religion Basis of Rejection
- 13. Luke 18:9, 12 He told this parable to certain ones who trusted in themselves that they were righteous … “I fast twice a week, and I pay tithes of all that I get.” Super Saint
- 15. Humility Basis of Acceptance Luke 19:8 NIV But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, "Look, Lord! Here and now I give half of my possessions to the poor, and if I have cheated anybody out of anything, I will pay back four times the amount."
- 16. The Tax-gatherer was unwilling to lift up his eyes to heaven. Luke 18:13
- 17. Luke 18:14 I tell you this: the one who humbles himself shall be exalted.
- 18. Humility Contrition Basis of Acceptance
- 19. Unwilling to lift his eyes to heaven, he was beating his breast, saying, “God, be merciful to me, the sinner!” Luke 18:13 (NAS)
- 20. Humility Contrition Trust/Faith Basis of Acceptance
- 21. Be merciful to me! ilaskomaito be merciful, to pardon
- 24. Luke 18:14 I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other.
Editor's Notes
- Jesus tells of a Pharisee and a tax collector – both sincere and devout. One kept the law scrupulously; the other had a profession in which dishonesty was expected. Acceptance & rejection:It seems unfair that the man of exemplary conduct is rejected, while the one with the questionable vocation is accepted.The Pharisee had everything, except the one essential thing. The Tax Collector had nothing but the one essential quality—which is a sense of his own unworthiness and his need for God's grace.
- Devout Jews observed three prayer times daily--9 am, noon and 3 pm.Especially devout if offered in the Temple, so many went to the Temple at those hours to pray. Jesus told of two men who went there to pray. One was a Pharisee. He did not really go to pray to God. Gk. Says he prayed “with himself.” A complacent recital of his own virtues for his own self-satisfaction, not fellowship with God, even though he addresses God.True prayer is always offered to God and to God alone. The Pharisee was really giving himself a testimonial before God.
- Pharisee’s prayer was concerned with telling God what a good man he was.Not only did he keep the Law by fasting and tithing (Luke18:12), but also he considered himself better than other people (Luke18:11). His first mistake was selectively comparing himself to others – but only to others who weren’t as good as him. He was using other people as his standard for measuring righteousness.
- No man who disrespects others can expect to have his prayers respected by God. In prayer we do not lift ourselves above our fellow-men. We remember that we are one of a great army of sinning, suffering, sorrowing humanity, all kneeling before the throne of God's mercy.
- Jesus exposed self-righteousness of Pharisees (see woes in Luke11:39-54). Pictured as debtors too broke to pay what they owed God (Luke7:40-50), guests fighting for best seats (Luke14:7-14), and sons proud of obedience but unconcerned about others (Luke15:25-32). Pharisees used prayer to get public recognition not to glorify God.Matthew 6:5 NIV "And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full.
- Rabbi Simeon benJocai: "If there are only two righteous men in the world, I and my son are these two; if there is only one, I am he!" A recorded prayer of one Rabbi: "I thank, Thee, O Lord my God, that thou hast put my part with those who sit in the Academy, and not with those who sit at the street-corners. For I rise early, and they rise early; I rise early to the words of the law, and they to vain things. I labor, and they labor; I labor and receive a reward, and they labor and receive no reward. I run, and they run; I run to the life of the world to come, and they to the pit of destruction."
- No man who is proud can pray. The gate of heaven is so low that no one can enter it except on his knees. All a man can say is, Nothing in my hand I bring,Simply to thy cross I cling.Lines from “Rock of Ages” by A. M. Toplady
- The Jewish law prescribed only one fast--the day of Atonement. But those who were super spiritual fasted also on Mondays and Thursdays. These were the market days when Jerusalem was full of country people. Those who fasted whitened their faces and appeared in disheveled clothes, and those days gave their piety the biggest possible audience. The Jews were to give a tenth of their produce, but this Pharisee tithed everything, even things which there was no obligation to tithe. The Pharisee did not really go to pray; he went to inform God how good he was. Super Saint
- Tax collectors would bid to collect taxes for the Roman government and then add a surcharge, which they kept. Since tax collectors worked for Rome, they were viewed as traitors to their own people and were not well liked.Many made their living by extortion.
- In next chapter (Luke 19), Luke tells of Jesus’ encounter with Zacchaeus. Others called him a “sinner” and he doesn’t dispute it.* Key to understanding Zacchaeus – and praying tax collector – is humility.* Zacchaeus was a penitent who resolved on the spot to act differently in the face of Jesus' acceptance of him. In resolving to give half his possessions to the poor, Zacchaeus was not defending himself against the crowd's charges and claiming to be righteous. Rather as a result of meeting Jesus, he was a changed individual. So Jesus could speak of salvation coming that day (Luke 19:9) and of the lost being saved (Luke 19:10).
- There was a tax-collector. He stood afar off, and would not even lift his eyes to God. Double negative re lifting up eyes – wouldn’t steal a glance.
- Imperfect re beating breast – kept beating his breast.A sinner (tōihamartōlōi). The sinner, not a sinner. It is curious how modern scholars ignore this Greek article. The main point in the contrast lies in this article. The Pharisee thought of others as sinners. The publican thinks of himself alone as the sinner, not of others at all."And," said Jesus, "it was that heart-broken, self-despising prayer which won him acceptance before God."
- Our opinion of ourselves reflects who we think God is. The man who said, "I am not like other men; I fast; I give tithes" seemed to see God as a big corporation in which he owned a large block of stock.I'm sure he felt he would one day have enough stock to be a director in the corporation. The tax collector saw God as unmerited grace, burning love, and endless forgiveness. He was awed by the God he knew.* He responded in trust/faith
- Not "Am I as good as my fellow-men?" But "Am I as good as God?" Barclay: “Once I made a journey by train ... I saw a little whitewashed cottage and it seemed to me to shine with an almost radiant whiteness. Some days later I made the journey back … The snow had fallen and was lying deep all around. We came again to the little white cottage, but this time its whiteness seemed drab and soiled and almost grey in comparison with the virgin whiteness of the … snow.”* Mercy (ἱλάσκομαι) atonementWhen we set our lives beside the life of Jesus and beside the holiness of God, all that is left to say is, "God be merciful to me--the sinner."
- There’s something of the Pharisee in all of us:19% Treating others with contempt31% Thinking you are better than others50% Believing your religious practices earn God’s favor.We need less of the Pharisee and more of the Tax Collector – a thing called repentance – a change of heart that results in a change of life.
- There’s not enough of the Tax Collector in any of us:15% find it hard to consider ourselves unworthy of God’s attention30% find it hard to seriously consider ourselves as sinners56% find it hard to trust God to forgive when we do not deserve forgiveness.We need to trust self less and trust God more.
- Being a new being in Christ means reversing our natural tendencies. It is easy to judge others by their actions and to judge ourselves by our intentions. If we would reverse that, it would change our lives. Judge others not by what they do, but by what they meant to do. Judge yourself not by what you meant, but by what you did—which is how others perceive you. Giant step to humility.Self-righteousness is dangerous. It leads to pride, causes a person to despise others, and prevents him or her from learning anything from God. The tax collector's prayer should be our prayer because we all need God's mercy every day. Don't let pride in your achievements cut you off from God.* Don’t ask “Wholooked better going to church?” but “Who went home justified?”