By Hamidou Falalou, Beggi Francesca, Hassane Abdou, Boulama K Taya, Vincent Vadez

1. Hamidou Falalou, Beggi Francesca, Hassane
Abdou, Boulama K Taya, Vincent Vadez
Low phosphorus and water stress
tolerance in Pearl millet under
lysimetre conditions
Final BMZ Abiotic stress project workshop,
Niamey, 23-25 March 2014
Hamidou Falalou, Beggi Francesca, Hassane
Abdou, Boulama K Taya, Vincent Vadez
Low phosphorus and water stress
tolerance in Pearl millet under
lysimetre conditions
Final BMZ Abiotic stress project workshop,
Niamey, 23-25 March 2014
Hamidou Falalou, Beggi Francesca, Hassane
Abdou, Boulama K Taya, Vincent Vadez
Low phosphorus and water stress
tolerance in Pearl millet under
lysimetre conditions

2. Characterization of contrasting pearl millet
varieties for component traits of low P (LP)
and water stress (WS) tolerance
Objective
Methodologies
 2010: - pots trial (102 varieties), selection
of contrasting materials
- establishment of phenotyping facilities
- lysimetre trial, 15 contrasting varieties
 2011-2013: lysimetre trials (18 Var.) for:
- LP, WS and LP xWS effects
- LP and WS tolerance traits

3. Design: RCBD
Treatment:
* Phosphorus
- LP = soil (brayP1 <5) + 2,5g urea
- HP = soil (brayP1 <5)+ 6g DAP
* Water
- WW = well watered
- WS = water stress
Beads and plastic for evaporation avoidance

4. Constraints: - Storm and Rain OutShelter (ROS)
use for WS application
- TSP availability
- P increase in HP lysimetres
A B
CD

5. WW
WS
Lysimetre system, beads application
High P
Low P
High P
Low PLow P
High P
Low P
Beads
 18 Var, 5 rep, LP, HP, WW and WS
 Measurements
WW
WS
Low P
High P
Low P
WW
WS
High P
Low P
beads

6. RESULTS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
heading (begin) heading (50%) flow (begin) flow (50%)
Daysaftersowing
LP HP
Low P effect on 15 contrasting varieties
Delay in heading and flowering times due to LP

7. LP
HP
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
head wght seeds wght shoot wght stem wght
Weight(g)
HP LP
Decrease of seeds weight and biomass
Top Var: PE06001, PE00397, CZ
Boboni, Sosat and ICMVIS 94206
Down Var: Sadore-Local, PE02724,
PE03012 and GB8735-M-C1
Significant genotypic variation:
seeds wght: HP: 24 - 54g, LP: 1 – 29g

8. 5
8
11
14
17
20
23
26
29
32
Anko
Doga
F4x
Fal
G
Bx
ICM
ICRIP2604P3089P5572P5638P5663P5665P8030
SeCA
SeCK
Stri
Tera
Grainyield(g)
Grain Yield HP Grain Yield LP Grain Yield LP-ws
Characterization of 18 contrasting varieties
under LP, HP, WW and WS conditions
Obj: LP, WS, LPxWS effects and tolerance traits
Significant genotypic variation
contrasting materials
LPxWS interaction

9. - Low P delayed flowering time in pearl millet
- No significant WS effect
LP and WS effect on agro-physiological traits
 Flowering time
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
HP-WW HP-WS LP-WW LP-WS
Floweringtime(days)

10. - Transpiration decreases under LP and WS
- LP effect higher than WS effect
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Trp-HP-ww Trp-HP-ws Trp-LP-ww Trp-LP-ws
Totaltranspiration(kg)
Transpiration

11. Different pattern of water use in the 18 Var.
under LP, HP, WW and WS conditions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Anko
Doga
F4x
FalC2
GBx
ICM
ICRI
P2604
P3089
P5572
P5638
P5663
P5665
P8030
SeCA
SeCK
Stri
Tera
Transpiration(g)
Trp-HP-ww Trp-HP-ws Trp-LP-ww Trp-LP-ws
- PE2604 and PE8030: stability
- PE5638 and PE5665 : variability
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Anko
Doga
F4x
FalC2
GBx
ICM
ICRI
P2604
P3089
P5572
P5638
P5663
P5665
P8030
SeCA
SeCK
Stri
Tera
Transpiration(g)
Trp-HP-ww Trp-HP-ws Trp-LP-ww Trp-LP-ws

12. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
HP-WW HP-WS LP-WW LP-WS
Grainyield(g)
Grains Yield
Grains yield decrease (%)
LP under WW 23
LP under WS 35
WS under HP 10
WS under LP 23
LP + WS 41
What Traits?

13.  Negative close relationship between grain
yield and delay in flowering under LP
y = -1.3952x + 24.18
R2
= 0.594
5
15
25
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Flowering delay (day)
GrainyieldLP(g)

14. Close negative relationship between grain
yield and heading delay under low P
y = -0.604x + 15.422
R2
= 0.7822
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5 10 15 20 25 30
grain yield under low P
headingdelay(days)
Short delay under LP is adaptative
mechanism to LP stress.

15. Flo- delay SPAD WU (g) HI Grains (g)
Doga-C2 1 44.14 9245 0.2 25.8
PE02604 2 42.22 9111 0.21 22.18
ICMVIS94206 2 48.28 9291 0.18 19.28
Ankoutess 3 49.68 9277 0.16 19
Striga res_l_noir 6 48.18 8838 0.13 10
Sarkin C2 ali 5 47.64 9843 0.08 8
PE5665 7 40.40 8462 0.09 11
Component traits for LP and WS tolerance
in contrasting materials
Tolerance to LP and WS should be combination
of strategies:
- Water extraction
- maintaining physiological activities
- phenology

16. Lessons learned
 Build solid ROS
 Manage P application
 Weighing tubes for water use
measurement until flowering time
Perspectives:
Investigations on LP-WS tolerant traits
must be pursued

17. THANK YOU
MERCI BEAUCOUP