عرض تقديمي1محمد جمال.pptx
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The Geiger-Muller tube is a simple radiation detector that was introduced in 1928 and is still used today. It consists of a metal cylinder with a thin window at one end and a wire running through the center. Ionizing radiation entering through the window ionizes the gas inside, creating a pulse that is detected. The walls are usually metal coated with a conductive material, and the window is made of mica to allow radiation to enter. It is used with a scaler to detect and count different types of radiation such as alpha, beta, and gamma rays.
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The geiger muller tube experiment .
1. The Geiger-Müller tube is used to detect ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, alpha particles, and beta particles. It works by using a gas-filled tube and high voltage to produce an electrical pulse for each ionizing event caused by radiation.
2. The document discusses the components used in a Geiger-Müller tube experiment including the tube itself, radioactive sources, a scaler to count pulses, and a high voltage supply. It explains how radiation interacts with the gas in the tube to produce ions and electrical pulses that can be counted.
3. Results are analyzed in terms of counts measured over time which provide an approximation of radiation activity, measured in units called bec
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1. The Geiger-Müller tube is used to detect ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, alpha particles, and beta particles. It works by using a gas-filled tube and high voltage to produce an electrical pulse for each ionizing event caused by radiation.
2. The document discusses the components used in a Geiger-Müller tube experiment including the tube itself, radioactive sources, a scaler to count pulses, and a high voltage supply. It explains how radiation interacts with the gas in the tube to produce ions and electrical pulses that can be counted.
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- 1. Geiger Muller Tube MUHAMMED JAMAL
- 2. • Are simple ,easy to use detectors of radiation and have been sued by the unclear industry for many years.Introduced in 1928 by Geiger and Mueller but still find application today . • It is the sensing element of the Geiger counter instrument used for the detection of ionizing radiation. • It is to measure al types of radiation: ALPHA BETA GAMMA
- 5. What are the walls usually made out off? • A metal or it has it is inside surface coated with a conducting medium to form the cathode while a thin anode passes through the center of the tube.
- 6. The radiation enters throught a very thin window at one end of the tube this window is usually made of micra . Micra is a mineral that forms in layers cailed sheets.
- 7. What is a side window for? The detection general radiation
- 9. PROCEDURE 1. Put a radioactive source in a holder. Fix this in a clamp on a retort stand. 2. Put the Geiger-Müller tube in a stand. Adjust it so that it is pointing at the source, and is about 5 cm away from it. 3. Plug the Geiger-Müller tube into the scaler (counter) and switch on.
- 10. 4- Start the voltage at about 200 volts. Make a note of the number of counts in, say, a 15 second interval. 5- Increase the voltage in steps of 25 volts. 6-You will find that the counts vary with voltage and then reach a plateau. A graph would look like this (you do not need to plot the graph):
- 11. 7- After the threshold voltage, the count will reach a plateau. It will stay constant over a range of voltages. Set the voltage at a value of between 50 to 100 V above the threshold. 8- If the clicking increases when you increase the voltage, then you have moved off the plateau. Turn the voltage back down. 9- Put the source back in a safe place until you carry out the demonstration.
- 12. Carrying out the demonstration? 1. 1- Switch on the Geiger-Müller tube counting system. 2. Highlight the fact that there is a background count. 3. Bring a radioactive source up to the Geiger-Müller tube and draw attention to the increase in counts. 4. . You could measure the background count and the count with the source nearby. Do this over a period of 30 seconds. Draw attention to the difference.