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TOK Ch. 1-3 p. 1-41

Team 1: 1-7
Team 2: 8-15
Team 3: 16-23
Team 4: 24-29
Team 5: 30-36
Team 6: 37-41


      Theory of Knowledge
          Introduction and Assignment Outline
          On Being Knowers
          Questions
          Learner Diagram
Where are We Going?
• TOK Lecture 1: Intro to Course
  – Pictures and contact information
  – Understanding weekly assignments
  – Understanding/Applying Questions
  – Goals of TOK
  – Intro to Knowledge Issues: Definition and
    models
  – Homework: Learner Profile and Blog 1
Weekly Assignments Rundown
• Cornell Notes:
   – Minimum one page front and back per weekly reading.
     Information must be analytical and representative of the
     entire reading for credit.
   – One side is for lectures, backside is for Jigsaw chapter
     readings.
• Blog Entry:
   – Minimum one entry, when edit/expansion, and one
     response. EC for more discussion/debate.
• Argue it Out:
   – Knowledge issue positioning towards debate. Includes
     evidence and rebuttals.
• Philosopher Portrait:
   – Historical figure and his contribution to ToK. MIND
     Acronym.
Project Rundown
• Case Studies:
   – Investigating important experiments, legal briefs, events, or
     discoveries and what it tells us about knowledge issues.
• Debates:
   – Articulating problems of knowledge from a viewpoint and
     defending in conversation against a detractor. Both formal and
     informal.
• Research Papers:
   – Practice PoK writing with original research in learner-led areas.
• Socratic Seminars:
   – Formal and informal conversations based on pre-planned
     questions and data within teams.
• Presentation Assessment: A single or team presentation of a
  knowledge issue. (March 3, 2014)
• TOK External Assessment:
   – comparative and analytical paper on one prescribed title from a
     list. 1,200-1,600 words. One chance for formal teacher review.
     (March 10th, 2014)
What is a Question?
• What are some implications and
  associations about “Questions” from
  the following sentences:
  – “Quick, what is the answer to question 3?”
  – “I question your ability to teach us.”
  – “This food comes from questionable
    origins.”
  – “your question will only lead to more
    questions”
Activity: Whose Line? Questions Only

• Two people begin a
  scenario in which an
  entire conversation is
  completed with
  ONLY QUESTIONS:
  – Have to be coherent
    and specific.
  – No Statements
  – 50 points extra credit
    to the longest
    participant.
Why you
   are
  Here.It is the QUESTION
               drives us




  It   is
       the
QUESTION that
Types of Questions
• Factual
  – Asking direct information
     • Data point
• Convergent
  – Basic inference
     • Themes
• Divergent
  – Projected changes in
    information
     • What if?
• Evaluative
  – Meta-analysis
     • Compare/contrast
     • Two or more themes
• Combination
Good or Bad Questions?
• Is there a such a thing
  as “bad question”?
• The type and specificity
  of question is vital to
  discovering areas of
  knowledge.
   – A question too broad
     leaves the knower
     scattered.
   – A question too narrow
     leaves the knower
     locked into one area of
     knowing.
   – A question with a simple
     answer leaves the
     knower with no room for
     progress
Constructing a Problem of
               Knowledge
• Problems of knowledge
  have 3 main
  characteristics:
  – Ways of knowing is
    represented:
     • ask about the mechanisms by
       which we understand a
       position
  – Use qualifications and
    consider a range of answers:
     • “To what extent is it justified…”
  – Either areas of knowing or
    potential audiences are
    considered
     • What trains of thought from
       history of disciplines lead you
       to your conclusion?
Three Main Goals of TOK
• The TAO of TOK
 –Types of Knowing
   Inquiry
 –Application of
   Knowing Inquiry
 –Origins of Knowing
   Inquiry
Ground Rules for Questioning
• Fallacies are not to be
  used to silence an
  argument.
   – This is not a debate or
     rhetoric class.
   – We are learning,
     discussing and evaluating
     with critical, yet
     compassionate empathy
• Discussion will be
  moderated, and equal
  time given to all positions
   – Time constraints may
     determine balance, but
     further investigation will
     often result as homework
What is Knowledge?
• How is Knowledge
  different from fact?
  How is it the same?

• If the universe was
  devoid of intelligent
  life, would there be
  “Knowledge”?

• What is the relationship
  between the knower
  and knowledge?
TOK Diagram
Knowledge Prism
                        Knower                        • Knowledge is reliant upon
                                                        various presuppositions:


                             Proofs and Truth Tests
Empirical Observation


                                                        – Rationality, laws of logic, and
                                                          language can be used
                                                          consistently and with meaning
                                                        – Statements and observations
                                                          can be investigated against
                                                          counter-factuals to correspond
                                                          some semblance of “external
                                                          world” and “the way things
                                                          really are”
                                                        – An identity and mind to
                                                          process, articulate, and
                                                          construct a worldview based
                                                          on observation and truth
                                                          statements.
                 Rationality
Rational and Empirical
• What is the difference between the
  following phrases?:
   – “2+2=4”
   – “This cat is orange.”
   – “I was probed by an alien last night.”
• Rationality: intuited propositions
  deduced towards knowledge.
   – A priori knowledge
• Empiricism: Knowledge and
  concepts needed for knowledge
  come from our senses and
  perception.
   – A posteriori knowledge
Plato: “Justified True Belief”
• Knowledge, according
  to Plato, has three
  parameters:
  – Justified: Is a truth claim in
    the realm of falsifiability?
  – True: is there enough
    evidence or reasonable
    argument for its probable
    correctness?
  – Belief: do I internalize and
    assume the claim into my
    worldview and
    understanding
Acquaintance vs. Description
• “If you can’t
  say it, you
  don’t know it”
  –   Hans Reichenbach (German
      philosopher of science, 1891-1953)


• “I know more
  than I can say.”
  –   Michael Polanyi (Hungarian
      philosopher of science, 1891-1976)
Learner Profile Project
• In teams of four:
  – Copy my Prezi from the
    blog link at tctok.us
    called “Learner Profile
    Project”
  – Throughout the course,
    begin a collage and
    summation of the
    thoughts and visuals
    that represent our
    discussion topics and
    readings
  – Think of it as a TOK
    Pintrest.
Blog Assignment 1: Developing
        Knowledge Questions
• In Teams of Four:
    – Write down the following words
      and begin free associating for 5
      minutes each:
       1.   Violence
       2.   Culture
       3.   Identity

•    Take those three terms begin
     free associating them as
     three connected ideas
•    Respond on tctok.us with a
     problem of knowledge
     question that uses these
     three words.

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1. introduction to tok, ch.1 3 p. 1-41

  • 1. TOK Ch. 1-3 p. 1-41 Team 1: 1-7 Team 2: 8-15 Team 3: 16-23 Team 4: 24-29 Team 5: 30-36 Team 6: 37-41 Theory of Knowledge Introduction and Assignment Outline On Being Knowers Questions Learner Diagram
  • 2. Where are We Going? • TOK Lecture 1: Intro to Course – Pictures and contact information – Understanding weekly assignments – Understanding/Applying Questions – Goals of TOK – Intro to Knowledge Issues: Definition and models – Homework: Learner Profile and Blog 1
  • 3. Weekly Assignments Rundown • Cornell Notes: – Minimum one page front and back per weekly reading. Information must be analytical and representative of the entire reading for credit. – One side is for lectures, backside is for Jigsaw chapter readings. • Blog Entry: – Minimum one entry, when edit/expansion, and one response. EC for more discussion/debate. • Argue it Out: – Knowledge issue positioning towards debate. Includes evidence and rebuttals. • Philosopher Portrait: – Historical figure and his contribution to ToK. MIND Acronym.
  • 4. Project Rundown • Case Studies: – Investigating important experiments, legal briefs, events, or discoveries and what it tells us about knowledge issues. • Debates: – Articulating problems of knowledge from a viewpoint and defending in conversation against a detractor. Both formal and informal. • Research Papers: – Practice PoK writing with original research in learner-led areas. • Socratic Seminars: – Formal and informal conversations based on pre-planned questions and data within teams. • Presentation Assessment: A single or team presentation of a knowledge issue. (March 3, 2014) • TOK External Assessment: – comparative and analytical paper on one prescribed title from a list. 1,200-1,600 words. One chance for formal teacher review. (March 10th, 2014)
  • 5. What is a Question? • What are some implications and associations about “Questions” from the following sentences: – “Quick, what is the answer to question 3?” – “I question your ability to teach us.” – “This food comes from questionable origins.” – “your question will only lead to more questions”
  • 6. Activity: Whose Line? Questions Only • Two people begin a scenario in which an entire conversation is completed with ONLY QUESTIONS: – Have to be coherent and specific. – No Statements – 50 points extra credit to the longest participant.
  • 7. Why you are Here.It is the QUESTION drives us It is the QUESTION that
  • 8. Types of Questions • Factual – Asking direct information • Data point • Convergent – Basic inference • Themes • Divergent – Projected changes in information • What if? • Evaluative – Meta-analysis • Compare/contrast • Two or more themes • Combination
  • 9. Good or Bad Questions? • Is there a such a thing as “bad question”? • The type and specificity of question is vital to discovering areas of knowledge. – A question too broad leaves the knower scattered. – A question too narrow leaves the knower locked into one area of knowing. – A question with a simple answer leaves the knower with no room for progress
  • 10. Constructing a Problem of Knowledge • Problems of knowledge have 3 main characteristics: – Ways of knowing is represented: • ask about the mechanisms by which we understand a position – Use qualifications and consider a range of answers: • “To what extent is it justified…” – Either areas of knowing or potential audiences are considered • What trains of thought from history of disciplines lead you to your conclusion?
  • 11. Three Main Goals of TOK • The TAO of TOK –Types of Knowing Inquiry –Application of Knowing Inquiry –Origins of Knowing Inquiry
  • 12. Ground Rules for Questioning • Fallacies are not to be used to silence an argument. – This is not a debate or rhetoric class. – We are learning, discussing and evaluating with critical, yet compassionate empathy • Discussion will be moderated, and equal time given to all positions – Time constraints may determine balance, but further investigation will often result as homework
  • 13. What is Knowledge? • How is Knowledge different from fact? How is it the same? • If the universe was devoid of intelligent life, would there be “Knowledge”? • What is the relationship between the knower and knowledge?
  • 15. Knowledge Prism Knower • Knowledge is reliant upon various presuppositions: Proofs and Truth Tests Empirical Observation – Rationality, laws of logic, and language can be used consistently and with meaning – Statements and observations can be investigated against counter-factuals to correspond some semblance of “external world” and “the way things really are” – An identity and mind to process, articulate, and construct a worldview based on observation and truth statements. Rationality
  • 16. Rational and Empirical • What is the difference between the following phrases?: – “2+2=4” – “This cat is orange.” – “I was probed by an alien last night.” • Rationality: intuited propositions deduced towards knowledge. – A priori knowledge • Empiricism: Knowledge and concepts needed for knowledge come from our senses and perception. – A posteriori knowledge
  • 17. Plato: “Justified True Belief” • Knowledge, according to Plato, has three parameters: – Justified: Is a truth claim in the realm of falsifiability? – True: is there enough evidence or reasonable argument for its probable correctness? – Belief: do I internalize and assume the claim into my worldview and understanding
  • 18. Acquaintance vs. Description • “If you can’t say it, you don’t know it” – Hans Reichenbach (German philosopher of science, 1891-1953) • “I know more than I can say.” – Michael Polanyi (Hungarian philosopher of science, 1891-1976)
  • 19. Learner Profile Project • In teams of four: – Copy my Prezi from the blog link at tctok.us called “Learner Profile Project” – Throughout the course, begin a collage and summation of the thoughts and visuals that represent our discussion topics and readings – Think of it as a TOK Pintrest.
  • 20. Blog Assignment 1: Developing Knowledge Questions • In Teams of Four: – Write down the following words and begin free associating for 5 minutes each: 1. Violence 2. Culture 3. Identity • Take those three terms begin free associating them as three connected ideas • Respond on tctok.us with a problem of knowledge question that uses these three words.