An introduction to coral reefs across the world. Focus on reef building coral of the Tropics. Mentions Artificial Reefs and the ethics of created reefs.
Coral reefs are very unique, shallow marine geological formations. Over 150 million square kilometers area of the Earth is covered by excellent coral reefs. The largest coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef, located off the eastern coast of Australia. It stretches for more than 1500 Km. Some coral reefs are thousands of meters in thickness. Coral reef zones are the pleasant home to thousands of marine plants and animals. Corals themselves are good treasure houses with precious resources. Pirates used to hide their treasures in the sheltered coves of the coral reefs, in some places. The corals were first seen during 1815- by a naturalist. The name " bioherm " was given to the corals and coral reefs, initially, by William Thornbury. In this lesson, let us learn about the Corals, their origin, growth, types of Coral reefs and their distribution.
Corals are marine invertebrates in class Anthozoa of phylum Cnidaria typically living in compact colonies of many identical individual "polyps".
Corals are gastrovascular marine organisms. Each one of these animals is known as a coral
"polyp". Coral Polyps are tiny, primitive marine organisms.
A single polyp has a tube-shaped body with a mouth which is surrounded by tentacles.
The polyp of hard corals produces a stony skeleton of calcium carbonate which form the base. Often the skeleton forms a cup-like structure in which the polyp lives. Coral polyps in colonies make up the cora reefs.
Coral reefs are very unique, shallow marine geological formations. Over 150 million square kilometers area of the Earth is covered by excellent coral reefs. The largest coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef, located off the eastern coast of Australia. It stretches for more than 1500 Km. Some coral reefs are thousands of meters in thickness. Coral reef zones are the pleasant home to thousands of marine plants and animals. Corals themselves are good treasure houses with precious resources. Pirates used to hide their treasures in the sheltered coves of the coral reefs, in some places. The corals were first seen during 1815- by a naturalist. The name " bioherm " was given to the corals and coral reefs, initially, by William Thornbury. In this lesson, let us learn about the Corals, their origin, growth, types of Coral reefs and their distribution.
Corals are marine invertebrates in class Anthozoa of phylum Cnidaria typically living in compact colonies of many identical individual "polyps".
Corals are gastrovascular marine organisms. Each one of these animals is known as a coral
"polyp". Coral Polyps are tiny, primitive marine organisms.
A single polyp has a tube-shaped body with a mouth which is surrounded by tentacles.
The polyp of hard corals produces a stony skeleton of calcium carbonate which form the base. Often the skeleton forms a cup-like structure in which the polyp lives. Coral polyps in colonies make up the cora reefs.
Threat of sea turtle Rajeev raghavan Kufos kerala Ashish sahu
Sea turtles, sometimes called marine turtles, are reptiles of the order Testudines and of the suborder Cryptodira. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the green sea turtle, loggerhead sea turtle, Kemp's ridley sea turtle, olive ridley sea turtle, hawksbill sea turtle, flatback sea turtle, and leatherback sea turtle.
Sea turtle, any of seven species of marine turtles belonging to the families Dermochelyidae (leatherback sea turtles) and Cheloniidae (green turtles, flatback sea turtles, loggerhead sea turtles, hawksbills, and ridleys).
Seven different species of sea (or marine) turtles grace our ocean waters, from the shallow seagrass beds of the Indian Ocean, to the colorful reefs of the Coral Triangle, and even the sandy beaches of the Eastern Pacific. WWFs work on sea turtles focuses on five of those species: green, hawksbill, loggerhead, leatherback and olive ridley.
See more on worldwildlife.org
Marine Scoops Guide To Coral Reefs (Part 1/3)Marine Scoop
A brief introduction to coral biology, reef formation and coral reproduction. Check out more at www.marinescoop.com and sign up to our weekly newsletter to receive parts II and III as soon as they are released! Part II will cover natural threats to coral reefs, coral bleaching, reef pollution, reef sedimentation, coral reef acidification and coral disease. Part III will cover overexploitation of reefs, destructive fishing practices on reefs, coral reef management and marine protected areas. Feel free to suggest another marine ecosystem to cover!
Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 9,000 species found only in aquatic and mostly marine environments. All cnidarians have radial symmetrical. There are two major body forms among the Cnidaria - the polyp and the medusa. Sea anemones and corals have the polyp form, while jellyfish are typical medusae.
Threat of sea turtle Rajeev raghavan Kufos kerala Ashish sahu
Sea turtles, sometimes called marine turtles, are reptiles of the order Testudines and of the suborder Cryptodira. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the green sea turtle, loggerhead sea turtle, Kemp's ridley sea turtle, olive ridley sea turtle, hawksbill sea turtle, flatback sea turtle, and leatherback sea turtle.
Sea turtle, any of seven species of marine turtles belonging to the families Dermochelyidae (leatherback sea turtles) and Cheloniidae (green turtles, flatback sea turtles, loggerhead sea turtles, hawksbills, and ridleys).
Seven different species of sea (or marine) turtles grace our ocean waters, from the shallow seagrass beds of the Indian Ocean, to the colorful reefs of the Coral Triangle, and even the sandy beaches of the Eastern Pacific. WWFs work on sea turtles focuses on five of those species: green, hawksbill, loggerhead, leatherback and olive ridley.
See more on worldwildlife.org
Marine Scoops Guide To Coral Reefs (Part 1/3)Marine Scoop
A brief introduction to coral biology, reef formation and coral reproduction. Check out more at www.marinescoop.com and sign up to our weekly newsletter to receive parts II and III as soon as they are released! Part II will cover natural threats to coral reefs, coral bleaching, reef pollution, reef sedimentation, coral reef acidification and coral disease. Part III will cover overexploitation of reefs, destructive fishing practices on reefs, coral reef management and marine protected areas. Feel free to suggest another marine ecosystem to cover!
Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 9,000 species found only in aquatic and mostly marine environments. All cnidarians have radial symmetrical. There are two major body forms among the Cnidaria - the polyp and the medusa. Sea anemones and corals have the polyp form, while jellyfish are typical medusae.
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1. Learning Objective:
By the end of the lesson I will be able to
describe what coral is, where it can be found
and explain how coral reefs are built.
2. What is coral?
It’s a living organism!
It is an invertebrate
2 different types:
Reef Building: Hermatypic
Solitary: Ahermatypic
Coral are cousins to jellyfish and anemones
(Cnidarians)
Today we will talk mainly about reef building
coral
Sun Coral Polyps
3. Where Can You Find Coral Reefs?
Coral is found all over
the world:
Tropical
Temperate
Polar
Only tropical corals
build reefs
Coral reefs around the world
4. Coral Builds Reefs?
The animal portion of
the reef is called a
polyp
The polyp absorbs
calcium carbonate out
of the water
The calcium
carbonate is used to
build the reef
6. Coral are Cnidarians
Soft bodied
Carnivorous
Stinging tentacles
arranged in a circle
around their mouth
Body symmetry
Specialized tissues
7. Cnidarians
Usually two life
stages:
Polyp
Medusa
Gastrovascular cavity
Food is broken down
here but digested
intracellularly
8. Cnidarians
Respiration and
waste removal takes
place through body
walls
Nerve net
Some have a
hydrostatic skeleton
Some move through
jet propulsion
9. Anatomy of Coral
The coral polyps build
a calcium carbonate
cup called a corallite
to live in
Coral has stinging
cells called
nematocysts
10. Stinging Cells
Nematocysts help coral
catch food
They also help protect the
coral
When the cell is
stimulated, it releases a
sharp barb
The barb will fire and
catch the food and bring it
back towards the mouth
13. Coral and Zooxanthella
Symbiotic relationship
Zooxanthella is an algae that lives in the
skin of coral
Coral provides protection
Zooxanthella provides food and color!
14. Coral is Picky
Very specific habitats:
Temperature: 73-75F
Depth: Less than 80 ft to
230 feet
Salinity: Normal salt levels
(35ppt)
Light: Zooxanthellae need
light to survive
Sedimentation: Being
covered with silt interferes
with photosynthesis
Desiccation: being exposed
to air. The corals will die if
exposed too long
Coral likes areas with lots
of waves:
They are strong enough to
withstand the pressure
Freshwater means more
food
Waves remove silt
New water brings more
oxygen
15. Asexual Reproduction
To reproduce coral can
reproduce asexually or
sexually
Asexual reproduction in
corals is called budding
A baby polyp will begin
growing off the adult
When it is ready it will
detach and live on its own
This can not start new
colonies, only help the old
colony grow bigger
This is a hydra (cousin to coral)
with two buds. One bud (on the
right) is older than the other.
16. Coral Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is called
spawning
External fertilization
It can start new colonies
Sperm and eggs are released
into the water column
The fertilized egg is then called
a planula
The planula swims until it finds a
good place to live
17. A New Home
Corals now have a
choice of where to
live
Corals are very
sensitive and are
rapidly dying
People are trying to
help by creating
artificial reefs
18. Arguments for Artificial Reefs
It can help build or
rebuild a reef
It will increase fish
populations by
making new
habitats
19. Arguments Against Artificial Reefs
Moveable
Chemical leaking and
leaching into the ocean
It does not increase fish
populations but rather
moves them to one location
away from their natural
habitat which makes them
easier to catch
20. Reefs in North Carolina
North Carolina has reefs too!
They similar to tropical reefs
Reef fish swept up on the Gulf
Stream live here until winter
River beds that were covered
when sea levels rose
Also made up of
Low rock ridges
Outcroppings
Coral patches
Ship wrecks