This document discusses various methods for primary access and ore extraction in underground mines, including shafts, declines, and ramps. It provides details on development openings, production operations, and functions such as ventilation, personnel and equipment transport, ore and waste extraction, and utility supply. Diagrams illustrate mine layouts using different access methods and production stages like drilling, blasting, mucking, and haulage. Cost considerations are also covered for sinking shafts and developing openings of various sizes.
This document discusses methods for analyzing slope stability using the method of slices. It describes Taylor diagrams, the basic theory of slicing slopes, and calculating the safety factor. The ordinary and Bishop methods of slices are explained. The Bishop method is recommended as it includes interslice normal forces and satisfies moment equilibrium, though it neglects interslice shear forces. A safety factor between 1.3 to 1.5 is recommended for critical slopes, and 1.5 for cut slopes in fine-grained soils.
This document discusses methods for analyzing slope stability using slices, including the Ordinary Method of Slices (OMS), Bishop Method, and Spencer Method. The Bishop Method is recommended as it includes interslice normal forces and satisfies moment equilibrium, though it neglects interslice shear forces. More accurate methods like Spencer consider both normal and shear forces between slices. A safety factor of 1.3 to 1.5 is recommended for critical slopes, and 1.5 for cuts in fine-grained soils.
This document discusses various methods for primary access and ore extraction in underground mines, including shafts, declines, and ramps. It provides details on development openings, production operations, and functions such as ventilation, personnel and equipment transport, ore and waste extraction, and utility supply. Diagrams illustrate mine layouts using different access methods and production stages like drilling, blasting, mucking, and haulage. Cost considerations are also covered for sinking shafts and developing openings of various sizes.
This document discusses methods for analyzing slope stability using the method of slices. It describes Taylor diagrams, the basic theory of slicing slopes, and calculating the safety factor. The ordinary and Bishop methods of slices are explained. The Bishop method is recommended as it includes interslice normal forces and satisfies moment equilibrium, though it neglects interslice shear forces. A safety factor between 1.3 to 1.5 is recommended for critical slopes, and 1.5 for cut slopes in fine-grained soils.
This document discusses methods for analyzing slope stability using slices, including the Ordinary Method of Slices (OMS), Bishop Method, and Spencer Method. The Bishop Method is recommended as it includes interslice normal forces and satisfies moment equilibrium, though it neglects interslice shear forces. More accurate methods like Spencer consider both normal and shear forces between slices. A safety factor of 1.3 to 1.5 is recommended for critical slopes, and 1.5 for cuts in fine-grained soils.