The document discusses various built-in functions in Python including numeric, string, and container data types. It provides examples of using list comprehensions, dictionary comprehensions, lambda functions, enumerate, zip, filter, any, all, map and reduce to manipulate data in Python. It also includes references to online resources for further reading.

1. Super Advanced Python –act1
https://www.spkrbar.com/talk/11
參考Raymond Chandler III演講

2. Built-in Functions
abs() divmod() input() open() staticmethod()
all() enumerate() int() ord() str()
any() eval() isinstance() pow() sum()
basestring() execfile() issubclass() print() super()
bin() file() iter() property() tuple()
bool() filter() len() range() type()
bytearray() float() list() raw_input() unichr()
callable() format() locals() reduce() unicode()
chr() frozenset() long() reload() vars()
classmethod() getattr() map() repr() xrange()
cmp() globals() max() reversed() zip()
compile() hasattr()
memoryvie
w()
round() __import__()
complex() hash() min() set() apply()
delattr() help() next() setattr() buffer()
dict() hex() object() slice() coerce()
dir() id() oct() sorted() intern()

3. Built-in Functions
• 內建型態（Built-in type）
– 數值型態（Numeric type）
- int, long, float, bool, complex
– 字串型態（String type）
• 補充format
>>> '%(real)s is %(nick)s' % {'real' : 'Justin', 'nick' : 'caterpillar'}
'Justin is caterpillar‘
>>> '{0} is {1}'.format('Justin', 'caterpillar')
'Justin is caterpillar'
– 容器型態（Container type）
- list, set, dict, tuple

4. 三種基本type
• list 型態
• set 型態
• dict 型態
• tuple 型態

5. List comprehension
• list = [1,2,3,4,5]
{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50}
{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50}
[(1, 10), (2, 20), (3, 30), (4, 40), (5, 50)]
[(1, 100), (2, 200), (3, 300), (4, 400), (5, 500)]
{1: 11, 2: 21, 3: 31, 4: 41, 5: 51}
{'a': 2, 'c': 6, 'b': 4}
print(dict([(v,v*10)for v in list]))
print({v:v*10 for v in list})
my_dict = {v:v*10 for v in list}
print(my_dict.items())
result = [(k,v*10) for (k,v) in my_dict.items()]
print(result)
dict_compr = {k:v+1 for k,v in my_dict.items()}
print(dict_compr)
# correct method
my_dicts = {'a':1 ,'b':2, 'c':3}
print({k:v*2 for k, v in my_dicts.items()})
Items():
#return (key, value) pairs
還有iterkeys(), itervalues(), iteritems()

6. Dict comprehension
• my_dicts = {'a':1 ,'b':2, 'c':3}
result = {k:v*2 for k, v in my_dicts.items()}
print(result)
print(result.iterkeys())
print(result.itervalues())
print(result.iteritems())
pairs1 = zip(result.iterkeys(),result.itervalues())
print(pairs1,type(pairs1))
pairs2 = [(v,k) for (k,v) in result.iteritems()]
print(pairs2,type(pairs2))
{'a': 2, 'c': 6, 'b': 4}
<dictionary-keyiterator object at 0x7f3bd764c940>
<dictionary-valueiterator object at 0x7f3bd764c940>
<dictionary-itemiterator object at 0x7f3bd764c940>
([('a', 2), ('c', 6), ('b', 4)], <type 'list'>)
([(2, 'a'), (6, 'c'), (4, 'b')], <type 'list'>)

7. Lambda
• my_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
def my_func(item):
return item *2
print([my_func(x) for x in my_list])
other_func = lambda x: x*2
print([other_func(x) for x in my_list])
print(map(lambda i:i*2,my_list))
print(map(lambda i:i*i,my_list))
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

8. Enumerate
• my_first_list = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
my_second_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(zip(my_first_list, my_second_list))
print(enumerate(my_first_list))
print(enumerate(my_first_list, 3))
for i,j in enumerate(my_first_list,1):
print(i,j)
print([(i,j) for i,j in enumerate(my_first_list,1)])
[('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4), ('e', 5)]
<enumerate object at 0x7f3bd764d870>
<enumerate object at 0x7f3bd764d870>
(1, 'a')
(2, 'b')
(3, 'c')
(4, 'd')
(5, 'e')
[(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'), (4, 'd'), (5, 'e')]

9. zip
• my_first_list = "abcde"
my_second_list = "zyxwv"
result = zip(my_first_list, my_second_list)
print(result)
result2 = [''.join(x) for x in result]
print(result2)
result3 = ['123'.join(x) for x in result]
print(result3)
print(dict(result))
print([(k*3,v) for k,v in result])
[('a', 'z'), ('b', 'y'), ('c', 'x'), ('d', 'w'), ('e', 'v')]
['az', 'by', 'cx', 'dw', 'ev']
['a123z', 'b123y', 'c123x', 'd123w', 'e123v']
{'a': 'z', 'c': 'x', 'b': 'y', 'e': 'v', 'd': 'w'}
[('aaa', 'z'), ('bbb', 'y'), ('ccc', 'x'), ('ddd', 'w'), ('eee', 'v')]

10. filter
• my_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
print([x for x in my_list if x % 2 == 0])
print(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, my_list))
#filter(function, iterable)
[2, 4, 6]
[2, 4, 6]

11. Any / all
• my_list = [True,False,False,False]
print(any(my_list))
print(all(my_list))
my_list2 = [True,True,True]
print(any(my_list2))
print(all(my_list2))
True
False
True
True

12. • all(iterable)Return True if all elements of the iterable are true (or if the
iterable is empty). Equivalent to:
• def all(iterable):
for element in iterable:
if not element:
return False
return True
• any(iterable)Return True if any element of the iterable is true. If the iterable
is empty, return False. Equivalent to:
• def any(iterable):
for element in iterable:
if element: return True
return False

13. map
• my_list = range(1,7)
#range(start, stop[, step])
print(my_list)
print([x *2 for x in my_list])
range():
#range(start, stop[, step])
print(map(lambda x:x *2 , my_list))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]

14. reduce
• val = 0
for x in range(1,7):
val += x
print(val)
print(reduce(lambda x,y: x+y, range(1,7)))
print(reduce(lambda x,y: x*y, range(1,7)))
print(sum(range(1,7)))
21
21
720
21

15. 參考網頁
• http://www.codedata.com.tw/python/python-tutorial-the-2nd-class-
2-container-flow-for-comprehension/
• http://54im.com/python/%E3%80%90python-2-73-1-
%E6%96%B0%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E3%80%91%E5%AD%97%E
5%85%B8%E6%8E%A8%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%8F%EF%BC%88dictio
nary-comprehensions%EF%BC%89.html
• https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html?highlight=dict#dict
.items
• http://pydoing.blogspot.tw/2011/02/python-enumerate.html
• http://pydoing.blogspot.tw/2011/03/python-strjoin.html
• http://pydoing.blogspot.tw/2011/02/python-filter.html
• https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#all
• https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#reduce
• https://www.spkrbar.com/talk/11