This document provides an overview and product information for Crownswear flexible permeable hose. It includes details on the hose structure with three layers, specifications for different diameters, permeability rates, installation methods, and typical applications like retaining walls, tunnels, roads, and slopes. Testing shows the hose has high tensile strength, permeability, and crushing resistance compared to other drainage pipes.
Color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers provide high permeability and aesthetic appeal for urban environments. The materials allow for water infiltration and retention to reduce flooding and urban heat island effects. Case studies demonstrate applications for pedestrian walkways, parking lots, and other surfaces where permeable pavement has been used.
This document discusses color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to urban heat island effects and flooding. Permeable materials improve the ground's infiltration abilities. The document provides examples of permeable concrete projects in Taiwan and describes the construction methods and benefits of permeable pavement and covers, which include improving ecology, reducing flooding, lowering infrastructure costs, and decreasing energy usage.
This document discusses color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to urban heat island effects and flooding. Permeable materials improve the ground's infiltration abilities. The document provides examples of permeable concrete projects in Taiwan and describes the construction methods and benefits of permeable pavement and covers for drainage, groundwater retention, and reducing urban heating and flooding issues.
This document discusses permeable concrete pavements and covers that allow for water infiltration. It provides examples of construction projects using permeable concrete in Taiwan. Permeable concrete surfaces improve stormwater management, reduce urban heat islands, and allow for groundwater recharge compared to traditional impermeable surfaces. The document also presents permeable trench covers and infiltration ditches that complement permeable pavement in providing fully permeable urban and community designs.
Color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers provide high permeability and aesthetic appeal for urban environments. The company Crownswear produces these materials as well as permeable side ditches and wells to improve stormwater management. Their products are made from sustainable "green" materials and have been used in projects across Taiwan and Vietnam to reduce urban heat islands and flooding while enhancing land and water resources.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. The document introduces these permeable paving materials and provides examples of construction projects using them. It also discusses the environmental benefits of permeable pavements, such as reducing urban heat islands, flooding, and allowing for groundwater recharge. Photos show permeable concrete being poured onsite and finished pavement installations.
This document discusses permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to issues like urban heat islands. Permeable materials provide environmental benefits like reducing runoff, replenishing groundwater, and mitigating high temperatures. The company produces permeable concrete products in various colors that are used in applications like walkways, parking lots, and around buildings and swimming pools. Installation methods and actual project examples are also presented.
This document discusses high permeable wear-resistant pavement and color trench covers produced by Crownswear Enterprise Corporation. It begins by explaining how traditional pavement is impermeable and causes issues like urban heat islands. It then promotes using permeable materials and covers to improve water absorption and infiltration. It provides details on the product's construction and materials. Images display application examples on sites like schools, parks and parking lots. The conclusion restates that Crownswear's permeable products are a good choice for sustainable drainage solutions.
Color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers provide high permeability and aesthetic appeal for urban environments. The materials allow for water infiltration and retention to reduce flooding and urban heat island effects. Case studies demonstrate applications for pedestrian walkways, parking lots, and other surfaces where permeable pavement has been used.
This document discusses color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to urban heat island effects and flooding. Permeable materials improve the ground's infiltration abilities. The document provides examples of permeable concrete projects in Taiwan and describes the construction methods and benefits of permeable pavement and covers, which include improving ecology, reducing flooding, lowering infrastructure costs, and decreasing energy usage.
This document discusses color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to urban heat island effects and flooding. Permeable materials improve the ground's infiltration abilities. The document provides examples of permeable concrete projects in Taiwan and describes the construction methods and benefits of permeable pavement and covers for drainage, groundwater retention, and reducing urban heating and flooding issues.
This document discusses permeable concrete pavements and covers that allow for water infiltration. It provides examples of construction projects using permeable concrete in Taiwan. Permeable concrete surfaces improve stormwater management, reduce urban heat islands, and allow for groundwater recharge compared to traditional impermeable surfaces. The document also presents permeable trench covers and infiltration ditches that complement permeable pavement in providing fully permeable urban and community designs.
Color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers provide high permeability and aesthetic appeal for urban environments. The company Crownswear produces these materials as well as permeable side ditches and wells to improve stormwater management. Their products are made from sustainable "green" materials and have been used in projects across Taiwan and Vietnam to reduce urban heat islands and flooding while enhancing land and water resources.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. The document introduces these permeable paving materials and provides examples of construction projects using them. It also discusses the environmental benefits of permeable pavements, such as reducing urban heat islands, flooding, and allowing for groundwater recharge. Photos show permeable concrete being poured onsite and finished pavement installations.
This document discusses permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to issues like urban heat islands. Permeable materials provide environmental benefits like reducing runoff, replenishing groundwater, and mitigating high temperatures. The company produces permeable concrete products in various colors that are used in applications like walkways, parking lots, and around buildings and swimming pools. Installation methods and actual project examples are also presented.
This document discusses high permeable wear-resistant pavement and color trench covers produced by Crownswear Enterprise Corporation. It begins by explaining how traditional pavement is impermeable and causes issues like urban heat islands. It then promotes using permeable materials and covers to improve water absorption and infiltration. It provides details on the product's construction and materials. Images display application examples on sites like schools, parks and parking lots. The conclusion restates that Crownswear's permeable products are a good choice for sustainable drainage solutions.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. The document introduces these permeable pavement materials and their benefits, such as improving underground ecology, reducing urban heat island effect, and enhancing aesthetics. It provides examples of construction and applications in Taiwan schools and parks. The company aims to minimize environmental impacts with green building materials.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces high permeable and wear-resistant pavement and color trench covers. Most city surfaces are made from impervious materials that prevent water absorption and infiltration, exacerbating issues like urban heat islands. Crownswear addresses this by using permeable materials that allow water to pass through and be stored underground, improving the environment, reducing flooding risks, and alleviating drainage systems. Their products have high compressive and bending strength as well as permeability. Installation photos demonstrate applications in parking lots, walking paths, and more.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. These permeable surfaces improve infiltration and help regulate climate by allowing evaporation. They reduce issues like urban heat islands and flooding. The company provides on-site integral rigid permeable pavement and prefabricated permeable side ditches and wells to enhance drainage and permeability of urban and community spaces.
Presentation1 integrity problems of concrete piles-emergencySuper Arc Consultant
This document discusses integrity problems that can occur in concrete piles. It begins by outlining common defective construction practices for bored piles, such as boring problems, improper drilling procedures, inadequate base cleaning, improper reinforcement cage fabrication, and poor concreting techniques. The document then discusses how pile testing can be used to identify anomalies, flaws, and defects in piles. It provides examples of anomalies that are not flaws, anomalies that are flaws, flaws that are not defects, and anomalies that are defects. The goal of pile testing is to evaluate pile integrity and ensure piles are constructed properly.
Color permeable concrete pavement and permeable ditch covers are provided. Permeable side ditches and permeable wells are also offered. The company provides high permeable color trench covers and permeable pavement to create fully permeable surfaces and enhance aesthetics. The materials improve underground ecology, reduce flooding, alleviate drainage systems, replenish groundwater, decrease the urban heat island effect, and beautify cities.
IRJET- Analesis of Properties of Pervious ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the properties of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete that contains cement, coarse aggregates, water, and may contain admixtures. Unlike conventional concrete, pervious concrete does not contain fine aggregates, resulting in a higher void content that allows water to flow through. The main goal of the study is to improve the strength characteristics of pervious concrete without reducing its permeability. The document discusses the composition, properties, advantages, applications, and experimental work conducted on pervious concrete.
Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete that allows water to pass through it, reducing runoff from sites. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and 15-35% voids. Pervious concrete requires careful construction to place and cure it properly given its high porosity. It has applications in driveways, sidewalks, and low-traffic roads due to advantages like reducing flooding and replenishing groundwater. Some disadvantages include needing maintenance and having lower compressive strength than regular concrete. Overall, pervious concrete can help address issues like water scarcity in urbanizing areas.
This document discusses using quality assurance tests to identify defects in large diameter bored piles for two construction projects. For the first project, pile load tests, integrity tests, and coring identified necking, bulging, and a weak pile toe, likely due to a "soft toe" condition. The pile capacities were reduced and additional piles were added. For the second project, integrity and load tests found impedance reductions and doubtful pile integrity below certain depths. Load capacities were de-rated based on the test results. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive quality assurance program to ensure foundation safety and performance.
This presentation discusses various ground improvement techniques, including:
- Dynamic compaction and dynamic replacement, which use heavy weights or tampers to densify soils.
- Vibro compaction and vibro replacement, which use vibratory probes to densify or install stone columns in soils.
- Controlled modulus columns, jet grouting, and vertical drains which are reinforcement techniques that install cement, soil-cement, or aggregate columns or improve drainage in soils.
- Menard vacuum consolidation, which uses a vacuum and vertical drains to accelerate consolidation of soft soils.
The document provides examples of applications of these techniques and their advantages for improving bearing capacity and reducing settlement of soils.
This document discusses different grouting methods. It describes permeation grouting where grout is injected to fill voids without disturbing soil grains. Displacement grouting displaces soil grains, including compaction grouting using thick grout to form bulb shapes, and soil fracture grouting using lean grout to form root-like lenses. Jet grouting forms grouted columns by partly replacing and mixing with soil. Permeation grouting is used to form seepage barriers and stabilize tunnels. Displacement-compaction grouting involves high pressure injection of a soil-cement grout mixture to form 0.5-1m bulbous intrusions.
This document discusses different types of joints used in concrete construction, including construction joints, expansion joints, contraction joints, and sawed joints. It explains that concrete expands and contracts with moisture and temperature changes, and control joints are needed to prevent cracking. The different joint types serve various purposes, such as allowing for movement, controlling cracking from shrinkage, or forming planes of weakness. The document provides details on proper installation and spacing of each joint type to effectively control cracking in concrete structures.
This document discusses good construction practices related to concrete, brickwork, mortar, plastering and surface preparation. Some key points discussed include:
- Curing of concrete is important for strength and durability and should be done for the entire curing period.
- Mortar plays a crucial role in bonding masonry units together and sealing the structure. Factors like bonding strength, workability and curing conditions affect mortar properties.
- Proper surface preparation like hacking, applying a spatter dash or wetting absorptive surfaces is important for achieving a good bond between plaster and the substrate.
This document discusses compaction grouting and provides details on:
1. The mechanism of compaction grouting which uses low mobility grout pumped in stages to displace and densify surrounding soils through the formation of grout bulbs.
2. The typical procedures for compaction grouting including installing grout pipes, mixing and pumping grout to form intersecting grout bulbs in a staged process.
3. An example project where compaction grouting was used to improve ground conditions for NATM tunnel construction through filled soils by achieving the target SPT N-values. Testing showed the compaction grouting successfully increased SPT N-values as required.
Porous pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement and into the soil below. They reduce peak runoff rates and volumes and improve water quality. Porous pavement options include asphalt, concrete, pavers, and turf reinforced products. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are required to prevent clogging and ensure the pavement functions as intended.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document summarizes research on post-tensioning in buildings. It details the history of post-tensioning from its origins in the 1940s-1950s to its use in the first high-rise building with post-tensioned slabs in 1956. The document then discusses the benefits of post-tensioned slabs and methodology used in the research, including monitoring a construction site. Test results are presented analyzing properties of post-tensioned concrete mixes. The research concludes that post-tensioned slabs provide construction speed and cost benefits compared to reinforced concrete.
The document discusses ductile iron pipe and fittings supplied by Robor, a South African manufacturer. It provides information about the company, which was established in 1922 and manufactures steel tube, pipe and other products. It also details the benefits of ductile iron pipe, including corrosion resistance, long life, ease of installation, and cost-effectiveness. The document provides specifications for ductile iron pipe classes, dimensions, pressure ratings and internal cement mortar lining.
IRJET- Engineering Feasibility of Gabion Structures Over Reinforced Concrete ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the engineering feasibility of using gabion structures instead of reinforced concrete structures. Some key points:
1) Gabion structures are more economical than reinforced concrete, with cost savings ranging from 33-66% due to lower material, transportation, and construction costs.
2) Gabions have advantages over concrete in terms of flexibility, permeability, hydraulic stability, sustainability, and ability to use various filler materials. They are less prone to issues like cracking, drainage problems, and scouring.
3) Testing of different gabion filler material combinations found that a 50-50% mixture of coarse aggregates and red soil exhibited the least deformation under loads, increasing load capacity by over 30% compared to
Material Characterization of Buried GFRP Pipeline Failed during Hydrostatic T...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes an investigation into the premature failure of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) pipes during hydrostatic testing. Two pipe samples were analyzed: one from a pipe that failed testing ("leaked pipe") and one from a pipe that passed ("good pipe"). Visual analysis of the leaked pipe revealed abnormalities like delamination, cracks, air pockets, and heterogeneous colors. Microstructural analysis found the leaked pipe had a lower fiber volume fraction and uneven fiber distribution compared to the good pipe. Overall, the analysis suggests defective manufacturing processes, including the use of expired polymer and sand additions, led to insufficient fiber loading and initiated failure during hydrostatic testing.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. The document introduces these permeable pavement materials and their benefits, such as improving underground ecology, reducing urban heat island effect, and enhancing aesthetics. It provides examples of construction and applications in Taiwan schools and parks. The company aims to minimize environmental impacts with green building materials.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces high permeable and wear-resistant pavement and color trench covers. Most city surfaces are made from impervious materials that prevent water absorption and infiltration, exacerbating issues like urban heat islands. Crownswear addresses this by using permeable materials that allow water to pass through and be stored underground, improving the environment, reducing flooding risks, and alleviating drainage systems. Their products have high compressive and bending strength as well as permeability. Installation photos demonstrate applications in parking lots, walking paths, and more.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement and color permeable ditch covers. These permeable surfaces improve infiltration and help regulate climate by allowing evaporation. They reduce issues like urban heat islands and flooding. The company provides on-site integral rigid permeable pavement and prefabricated permeable side ditches and wells to enhance drainage and permeability of urban and community spaces.
Presentation1 integrity problems of concrete piles-emergencySuper Arc Consultant
This document discusses integrity problems that can occur in concrete piles. It begins by outlining common defective construction practices for bored piles, such as boring problems, improper drilling procedures, inadequate base cleaning, improper reinforcement cage fabrication, and poor concreting techniques. The document then discusses how pile testing can be used to identify anomalies, flaws, and defects in piles. It provides examples of anomalies that are not flaws, anomalies that are flaws, flaws that are not defects, and anomalies that are defects. The goal of pile testing is to evaluate pile integrity and ensure piles are constructed properly.
Color permeable concrete pavement and permeable ditch covers are provided. Permeable side ditches and permeable wells are also offered. The company provides high permeable color trench covers and permeable pavement to create fully permeable surfaces and enhance aesthetics. The materials improve underground ecology, reduce flooding, alleviate drainage systems, replenish groundwater, decrease the urban heat island effect, and beautify cities.
IRJET- Analesis of Properties of Pervious ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the properties of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete that contains cement, coarse aggregates, water, and may contain admixtures. Unlike conventional concrete, pervious concrete does not contain fine aggregates, resulting in a higher void content that allows water to flow through. The main goal of the study is to improve the strength characteristics of pervious concrete without reducing its permeability. The document discusses the composition, properties, advantages, applications, and experimental work conducted on pervious concrete.
Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete that allows water to pass through it, reducing runoff from sites. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and 15-35% voids. Pervious concrete requires careful construction to place and cure it properly given its high porosity. It has applications in driveways, sidewalks, and low-traffic roads due to advantages like reducing flooding and replenishing groundwater. Some disadvantages include needing maintenance and having lower compressive strength than regular concrete. Overall, pervious concrete can help address issues like water scarcity in urbanizing areas.
This document discusses using quality assurance tests to identify defects in large diameter bored piles for two construction projects. For the first project, pile load tests, integrity tests, and coring identified necking, bulging, and a weak pile toe, likely due to a "soft toe" condition. The pile capacities were reduced and additional piles were added. For the second project, integrity and load tests found impedance reductions and doubtful pile integrity below certain depths. Load capacities were de-rated based on the test results. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive quality assurance program to ensure foundation safety and performance.
This presentation discusses various ground improvement techniques, including:
- Dynamic compaction and dynamic replacement, which use heavy weights or tampers to densify soils.
- Vibro compaction and vibro replacement, which use vibratory probes to densify or install stone columns in soils.
- Controlled modulus columns, jet grouting, and vertical drains which are reinforcement techniques that install cement, soil-cement, or aggregate columns or improve drainage in soils.
- Menard vacuum consolidation, which uses a vacuum and vertical drains to accelerate consolidation of soft soils.
The document provides examples of applications of these techniques and their advantages for improving bearing capacity and reducing settlement of soils.
This document discusses different grouting methods. It describes permeation grouting where grout is injected to fill voids without disturbing soil grains. Displacement grouting displaces soil grains, including compaction grouting using thick grout to form bulb shapes, and soil fracture grouting using lean grout to form root-like lenses. Jet grouting forms grouted columns by partly replacing and mixing with soil. Permeation grouting is used to form seepage barriers and stabilize tunnels. Displacement-compaction grouting involves high pressure injection of a soil-cement grout mixture to form 0.5-1m bulbous intrusions.
This document discusses different types of joints used in concrete construction, including construction joints, expansion joints, contraction joints, and sawed joints. It explains that concrete expands and contracts with moisture and temperature changes, and control joints are needed to prevent cracking. The different joint types serve various purposes, such as allowing for movement, controlling cracking from shrinkage, or forming planes of weakness. The document provides details on proper installation and spacing of each joint type to effectively control cracking in concrete structures.
This document discusses good construction practices related to concrete, brickwork, mortar, plastering and surface preparation. Some key points discussed include:
- Curing of concrete is important for strength and durability and should be done for the entire curing period.
- Mortar plays a crucial role in bonding masonry units together and sealing the structure. Factors like bonding strength, workability and curing conditions affect mortar properties.
- Proper surface preparation like hacking, applying a spatter dash or wetting absorptive surfaces is important for achieving a good bond between plaster and the substrate.
This document discusses compaction grouting and provides details on:
1. The mechanism of compaction grouting which uses low mobility grout pumped in stages to displace and densify surrounding soils through the formation of grout bulbs.
2. The typical procedures for compaction grouting including installing grout pipes, mixing and pumping grout to form intersecting grout bulbs in a staged process.
3. An example project where compaction grouting was used to improve ground conditions for NATM tunnel construction through filled soils by achieving the target SPT N-values. Testing showed the compaction grouting successfully increased SPT N-values as required.
Porous pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement and into the soil below. They reduce peak runoff rates and volumes and improve water quality. Porous pavement options include asphalt, concrete, pavers, and turf reinforced products. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are required to prevent clogging and ensure the pavement functions as intended.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document summarizes research on post-tensioning in buildings. It details the history of post-tensioning from its origins in the 1940s-1950s to its use in the first high-rise building with post-tensioned slabs in 1956. The document then discusses the benefits of post-tensioned slabs and methodology used in the research, including monitoring a construction site. Test results are presented analyzing properties of post-tensioned concrete mixes. The research concludes that post-tensioned slabs provide construction speed and cost benefits compared to reinforced concrete.
The document discusses ductile iron pipe and fittings supplied by Robor, a South African manufacturer. It provides information about the company, which was established in 1922 and manufactures steel tube, pipe and other products. It also details the benefits of ductile iron pipe, including corrosion resistance, long life, ease of installation, and cost-effectiveness. The document provides specifications for ductile iron pipe classes, dimensions, pressure ratings and internal cement mortar lining.
IRJET- Engineering Feasibility of Gabion Structures Over Reinforced Concrete ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the engineering feasibility of using gabion structures instead of reinforced concrete structures. Some key points:
1) Gabion structures are more economical than reinforced concrete, with cost savings ranging from 33-66% due to lower material, transportation, and construction costs.
2) Gabions have advantages over concrete in terms of flexibility, permeability, hydraulic stability, sustainability, and ability to use various filler materials. They are less prone to issues like cracking, drainage problems, and scouring.
3) Testing of different gabion filler material combinations found that a 50-50% mixture of coarse aggregates and red soil exhibited the least deformation under loads, increasing load capacity by over 30% compared to
Material Characterization of Buried GFRP Pipeline Failed during Hydrostatic T...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes an investigation into the premature failure of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) pipes during hydrostatic testing. Two pipe samples were analyzed: one from a pipe that failed testing ("leaked pipe") and one from a pipe that passed ("good pipe"). Visual analysis of the leaked pipe revealed abnormalities like delamination, cracks, air pockets, and heterogeneous colors. Microstructural analysis found the leaked pipe had a lower fiber volume fraction and uneven fiber distribution compared to the good pipe. Overall, the analysis suggests defective manufacturing processes, including the use of expired polymer and sand additions, led to insufficient fiber loading and initiated failure during hydrostatic testing.
Larsen and Toubro (Lucknow Metro Project) Summer Internship PresentationShuBham RaNa
Hello Friends Myself SHUBHAM RANA . I am pursuing B.Tech in Civil Engineering from IIT ROORKEE. This is the glimpse of my work and basic aspects which I learned while doing my Internship in Larsen and Toubro Heavy Civil Infra IC. Thank You :)
Flexible pipeline technology offers major performance advantages and cost savings.
Proposal prepared by Geoff Croker in conjunction with Docklands Science Park.
Uses of special kind of technologies for implementation of special kind of st...Rajesh Prasad
The said technical paper was presented by Rajesh Prasad in IC TRAM 2018 (International Conference- Technological Advancement in Railways and Metro Projects at Manekshaw Centre New Delhi on 04.10.2018
Shortcreting has proved to be the best method for construction of curved surfaces. Domes are now much easier to construct with the advent of shotcrete technology. Tunnel linings are also becoming easy with this technology. Not only are these but there a wide range of applications where this technology has been a leading one. This technical paper includes the concept of shotcrete and how it differs from conventional concrete. It also enumerates the different types of process involved in shotcreting i.e. dry mix process and wet mix process. Advantages of shotcrete and its applications in various fields like tunneling, canals, buildings etc. are specified in detail. This paper presents an overview of shotcreting technology along with its applications.
DEFINITION OF SHOTCRETE:-
Shotcrete is a mortar or high performance concrete conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a backing surface. It is the force of this spraying action that leads to compaction of the concrete or mortar which then forms layers of concrete to the required thickness. Shotcreting has been an acceptable way of placing cementitious material in a variety of applications.
Usually patented polypropylene fibers are included in the shotcrete which increases the cohesive nature of the shotcrete through mechanically binding the cementitious materials together. This mechanism reduces the rebound waste that occurs through the shotcreting process and these fibers also resist plastic shrinkage and cracking through their ability to enhance the early stage tensile strength of concrete.
Shotcrete also gives better surface finishes and reduces surface tearing on non- linear sections. Cementitious material containing the poly propylene fibers resist cycles of freezing and thawing and also reduces the chances of water and chemical penetrations.
This document introduces Industrial Concrete Products (ICP), a wholly owned subsidiary of IJM Berhad that manufactures precast concrete piles. ICP has 99 factories across Malaysia and 12 production lines. It produces piles for various infrastructure projects including ports, bridges, and marine structures. ICP piles have advantages for marine structures due to their high durability, corrosion resistance, and ability to be joined into long lengths. The document provides details on ICP's certification, quality control, product range, pile jointing process, and completed projects.
PPT on execution of 680 m long tunnel ensuring safety of the adjoining rail t...Rajesh Prasad
The said paper by Rajesh Prasad Executive Director RVNL has been published in IPWE international seminar held on 23/24-02-2018. The power point presentation nicely explains about how the technical challenges and administrative challenges addressed in completion of the tunnel while constructing a tunnel by the side of a railway tunnel with train operation in place and the entire area is affected by LWE activities.
The document summarizes a case study of two projects to install structural linings in oviform sewers for Sydney Water Corporation. For one project, an 18mm thick lining was installed in a 13m deep, 350m long oviform sewer under a busy road. This was one of the most difficult CIPP linings installed in Australia due to its thickness and single length. The second project involved concrete encasement of a deteriorated bend in addition to CIPP lining. Both projects required complex planning and execution, including sewer bypass and traffic control.
JGB Enterprises provides a wide range of Agricultural Hose / Farm Hose / Agricultural Tubing solutions, including bulk hose and custom assemblies. JGB meets the needs of both OEM’s and Fertilizer Equipment Parts Dealers through any of our five stocking warehouses and fabrication facilities. We provide Hose Kits, Boxed lengths and Private Branded hose upon request. JGB carries Agricultural Hoses / Farm Hoses and Assemblies for agriculture and farming: Light Agricultural Spraying, Agriculture Liquid Fertilizers, Irrigation, Air Seeder Lines, and Agricultural Weed Spraying.
The Port of Melbourne Channel Deepening Project required dredging around essential gas, oil, and sewage pipelines in the Yarra River. Simply deepening the river would reduce cover over the pipelines and risk damage from ship traffic. Boskalis proposed a novel protection system using steel plates and precisely placed rock to safely protect the pipelines during dredging. Special equipment was modified and tested to allow extremely accurate placement of the protective structures within the limited space above the pipelines. Through cooperation between stakeholders, an innovative solution was successfully implemented to deepen the channel while fully protecting vital utility lines.
This document discusses ground improvement technologies including stone column and band drain technologies. Stone columns involve compacting aggregates into vertical columns to improve soil conditions and increase load capacity. Band drains involve installing prefabricated vertical drains to accelerate consolidation of loose, saturated clays by providing lateral drainage pathways. A case study describes a highway project in India where both stone columns and band drains were used over 10km to improve ground conditions.
Paper 43 - Deep Water Pipeline CT 9_2_15John Grover
This document discusses the use of coiled tubing as down-lines for pre-commissioning deepwater pipelines. It compares coiled tubing to other down-line options like flexible lines. Coiled tubing has advantages over flexible lines in terms of cost, delivery time, deck space requirements, reliability, and ability to provide contingency. The document outlines the latest custom coiled tubing equipment being deployed, which is designed for large diameters of 2 7/8" or 3 1/2" pipe and to operate in water depths up to 3,000m. It was also designed to be road transportable and for flexible installation on vessels through a moonpool or over the side.
Review on Shear Strengthening of Rc Deep Beams with OpeningsIRJET Journal
This document reviews research on strengthening reinforced concrete deep beams with openings. It discusses two approaches: internal strengthening by adding steel reinforcement near openings, and external strengthening by attaching fibre-reinforced polymer layers around openings. The review examines literature on testing different strengthening materials and configurations. It also investigates failure modes like debonding between fibre layers and concrete, and introduces mechanical anchoring systems to prevent debonding.
The document provides information about the analysis of a pre-stressed bridge construction project. It discusses what a bridge is, classifications of bridges, materials used, and components involved in bridge construction. It also describes the Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge in China, the world's longest rail-road bridge. The document outlines the process of post-tensioning bridges and provides field data from the construction of a bridge across Chhokra nalla on the Saddu-Urkura Road.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Steel Fiber-Reinforced Pervious ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on steel fiber-reinforced pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. This study aims to develop an M30 grade of pervious concrete using the IS code method. Concrete mixes were prepared by replacing fine aggregate with coarse aggregate at rates of 5%, 10%, and 15% and adding crimped steel fibers at rates of 0%, 1.5%, and 2%. The compressive strength, workability, and infiltration rate of the mixes were tested and evaluated after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results showed that replacing fine aggregate at 15% and adding 2% steel fibers produced the highest compressive
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces permeable pavement and trench covers to address issues caused by traditional impermeable surfaces. Their products include (1) color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers, (2) pre-cast permeable side ditches and wells, (3) flexible permeable hoses, and (4) hardeners. These permeable materials allow for water absorption and infiltration to improve drainage and reduce flooding, heat islands, and subsidence. The materials and production processes aim to minimize environmental impact.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces permeable pavement and trench covers to address issues caused by traditional impermeable surfaces. Their products include (1) color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers, (2) pre-cast permeable side ditches and wells, (3) flexible permeable hoses, and (4) hardeners. These permeable materials allow for water absorption and infiltration to improve drainage and reduce flooding, heat islands, and subsidence.
SC-01 is an inorganic liquid curing agent that can solidify substances like sludge, soil, and waste through electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. It reduces costs and environmental impacts of waste disposal while reusing waste as construction materials. When mixed with cement, SC-01 solidifies substances within a short time into materials suitable for retaining walls, roadbeds, and landscaping. Project references in China and Vietnam involved treating river sludge and waste soil into strong concrete blocks and embankments using SC-01.
Crownswear Enterprise Corporation produces color permeable concrete pavement, permeable ditch covers, permeable side ditches, and permeable wells to improve drainage and the environment. The document discusses the benefits of permeable materials over traditional impermeable surfaces like concrete and asphalt. It also provides examples of Crownswear's permeable products installed at schools, parks, and golf courses in Taiwan and explains their water retention and drainage properties.
This document discusses color permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to urban heat island effects and flooding. Permeable materials improve the ground's infiltration abilities. The document provides examples of permeable concrete projects in Taiwan and describes the construction methods and benefits of permeable pavement and covers, which include improving ecology, reducing flooding, lowering infrastructure costs, and decreasing energy usage.
This document discusses permeable concrete pavement and trench covers that allow for water infiltration. It notes that traditional pavement is impermeable and prevents the ground from absorbing water, which can lead to issues like urban heat islands. Permeable materials provide environmental benefits like reducing runoff, replenishing groundwater, and mitigating high temperatures. The company produces permeable concrete products in various colors that are used in applications like walkways, parking lots, and around buildings and swimming pools. Installation methods and actual project examples are also presented.
SC-01 is an inorganic ionic liquid curing agent that can solidify substances like sludge, mud, soil and wastewater treatment waste through an electrostatic bonding reaction. It reduces waste and pollution while allowing waste to be reused in construction materials. The solidified material is non-toxic, water resistant and durable. SC-01 has been used successfully in sludge treatment projects in China and Vietnam and to solidify soil for roads, slopes and parks in Taiwan.
SC-01-1 is an inorganic ionic liquid curing agent that forms bonds between positively and negatively charged ions when mixed with substances like sludge or cement. It can solidify high-moisture materials quickly and renders them non-toxic. The solidified material can be used for construction applications like temporary roads, slope blocks, and embankments. It reduces waste and pollution while allowing reuse of materials. Tests in China, Taiwan and Vietnam show the soil concrete achieves compressive strengths suitable for construction uses within 7-28 days.
4. • Grade 62 or 67B high-carbon steel wire is adopted as raw material.
使用62或67B种高碳钢弹簧硬钢线材料。
• With rest-proof and PVC-coatiog process. It prevent the steel wire from oxidization.
经磷酸防锈处理,外包覆PVC(因PVC具有较佳的弹性)。能完全包覆使弹簧硬钢
线不会与空气接触,而产生氧化的现象。
• The old hose, containing 1 out-layer was easily broken, and the new one, containing 3 out-layer, is
strong enough against breakage.
因早期只有外被覆层(一层)而且是收缩型的容易倒管,破损,现已加强管壁为三层,
属于崩开型的透水管。
• The mid layer, made from 0.1~0.38mm spunbonded nonwoven, allow the tiny organic material
passing through the hose to avoid outside sediment (the needle punched nonwoven over 0.6mm
will cause outside sediment easily and lower the draining effiiciency).
中间不织布为长纤热熔式,其厚度为0.1mm~0.38mm,该过的有机物还是要让他过,才
不会堵塞在管壁上。( 若不织布采用针扎式的,其厚度为0.6mm以上的话,砂石容易堵
塞在管壁上,降低排水效果。)
• The outer layer made from Polyester and other special yarn do not rot.
外被覆层采用特多龙纱及特殊合成纤维,不腐烂。
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
Hose Structure
软管结构说明
5. • Due to the different pressure underground, the water always flow from the high pressure area to low pressure
area where drain hose been buried. The underground water, surrounding the drain hose, will be attracted by its
weft yarn (capillary attraction) and collected in the hose, then drained out. This continuous movement will
lower the level of underground water effectively without any soil collapse and chemical contamination.利用土
压的原理而产生压力差,而软式透水管用钢线做支撑体故使孔隙水进到管内,管壁的纬纱有了毛
细现象,吸水饱和流入管内后形成一条水道,因而达到了降低地下水位的功能,且不会造成土层
崩蚀及造成化学污染。
• Drain hose is able to lower the level of underground water、drain the surface and penetrating water out to
improve the soil、solidify the soft soil and avoid soil collapse.广水软式透水管可降低地下水位、排除表
面水、渗透水、土质改良、软土加固防止崩塌及土石流。area only, but raising up the perforation area
will decrease the resistance of pipe against pressure. Crownswear’s soft drain hose provide more advantages in
both penetration and pressure resistance than HDPE and other perforated pipes.透水面积大于50%以上,
HDPE管视开孔率的多寡来计算透水面积,且孔率的多寡影响到管子的耐压强度。因此,广水软
管透水量及耐压强度大于HDPE管、网管及其他打洞硬式管。
• Crownswear drain hose contains two parts:软管分二部份
Hose wall: it provide superior filtration、 drainage and more penetration area.
a.管 壁 部 份-具过滤性,排水功能,透水面积大。
Support: hose is supported by high tenacity steel wire to keep drainage effective.
b.支撑体部分-利用高强力弹簧硬钢线支撑管壁,来达到排水的功能。
Advantages
功能特性
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
6. for Field Drainage, Golf Course, Landscape to prevent ponding
高尔夫球场,运动场,棒球场,人造景观休憩绿地排水
for Tunnel, Concealed Perimeter Drain
隧道,横向水平钻孔排水
for Roadside, Railside, Airport
道路路基排水,铁、公路,机场排水
for Hillside Drainage and Slope Protection
山坡地开发边坡之水土保持
for Garbage Treatment Site
废弃处理场排水
for Coal Storage Areas
火力发电厂排水
for Retaining Walls in water logged areas
各种挡土墙背面垂直及水平排水
for Soil Stabilization and Land Reclamation
固实土壤,土质改良
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
Area of Usage
适用范围
7. Testing properties软式透水管试验标准表
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
试 验 项 目
Testing Item
试 验 方 法
Testing Method
标 准
Result(at least)
单 位
Unit
备 注
Remarks
1
抗拉强度
Tensile
Strength
CNS 5610
L 3080
120以上 经 线
Warp
Kg/5cm 夹具:5cm
拉速:300
mm/min
Width of
Specimen:5cm
Speed:300mm/min
90以上 纬 线
weft
Kg/5cm
2
伸 长 率
Elongation at
break
CNS 5610
L 3080
20以上 经 线
Warp
%
20以上 纬 线
weft
%
3
撕裂强度
Tearing
Strength
CNS 5610
L 3080
35以上 经 线
Warp
Kg
32以上 纬 线
weft
Kg
4 密 度
Density
目视计数
By eye
3.4以上 经 线
Warp
條/cm
50以上 (200丹以上)
(at least 200D/1)
纬 线
weft
5
透水系数
Coefficient of
Pereating
CNS10460
L 3201
0.02以上 Cm/sec
定水头10cm
Constant head of
water:10cm
9. 软式透水管有管壁及钢线做支撑体而硬管只有管壁做支撑体
Crushing Strength
压力测试
Crownswear Flexible Permeable Hose Vs Concrete Porous Pipe
广水软式透水管和硬管(网管)比较表
口径
Nominal
Diameter
(mm)
软式透水管
Crownswear Flexible
Permeable Hose
硬管(网管)
Concrete Porous
Pipe
测试结果
Comparison
Result
75/80 20920 N/m 20200 N/m Ok
100 21400 N/m 20200 N/m Ok
150/200 23160 N/m 20200 N/m Ok
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
10. Flattening Pressure Endurance Ratio
耐压扁平率
Flexible Permeable Hose with the screw like reinforcement structure is constructed by using the strong
carbon steel wire which is to let external pressure to spread evenly around the body of the hose when press.
1.The list of pressure added with tolerence of +5%.
2.The test results is based on 25cm hose length,if testing length is 1 meter, then the pressure added will be 4 times of
this listed test results.
The test results is 1 meter.
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
11. Recommended Trenching 开挖基本深度
規格
Product Code
內徑
Inner Diameter
(mm)
寬度
W=Width Of Trench
(mm)
埋管基本深度
H=Initial Depth Of Trench
(mm)
SH-50 50 300 400~600
SH-80 80 300 430~630
SH-100 100 400 450~650
SH-150 150 450 500~700
SH-200 200 450 550~750
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
12. Methods of Installation
安装方法
Flexibility, lightweight and easy to install cost effective.
伸缩性强 、容易安装、施工方便、省时、省力。
Geotextiles is not required, for wrap-around the pipes.
无需不织布覆盖软管表面
No fittings is required for jointings (i.e.T-joints, Y-joints or elbows).无
需用接头节省接头费用
(We fabricate bends, tees, elbows reducer by using the parent hose.)
使用同软管连接
The hose can be installed horizontally, vertically, diagonally or in
herringbone design or 90
。
or any other way the client wishes to
install.
软管安装方法可横向,直向,斜向,八字型,可90。弯曲安装
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
13. TABLE OF FLOW QUANTITY AND VELOCITY DATA
流量和流速参数表
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
14. Static Pressure of Ground
静 土 压
Sub-Soil Drainage Technology At Its Best
Static Pressure of Ground
The static pressure of ground above the buried
pipe can be counted pre following formula:
P: Static pressure of ground (kg/m2)
h: the burying depth
B: the width of ditch
W: the weight of 1 m3 soil (2000kg/m3,soil and
rock)
Ө: 40゚ (the angle of ____ ) (May adjust)
e: the base of _____ (May adjust)
B: Pipe diameter (D)X2
18. Typical Trench Details 一
般土沟之设计详图
Recommendation I :
- Road Base
Drainage
- Railside Drainage
路肩、铁道排水
Recommendation II :
- Concealed Perimeter
Drain
暗沟外围排水
Recommendation III :
- Field Drainage
一般草场排水
NOTE:THE BACKFILLING MATERIALS WILL DEPENDS ON.
1.COST BETWEEN AGGREGATE AND SAND.
2.THE RATE OF INFILTRATION, USING AGGREGATE WILL CREATE A BETTER POROUSITY AND WILL
ENHANCE THE PERMEABILITY RATES.
** 回填土沟之材料选择,将随着下列因素变更
1.骨材与粗砂的成本。
2.用粗砂会获得较好的孔隙率,且会增进其渗透率及排水量。
20. Typical Tunnel & Road Base
Drainage Design
隧道&路基排水配置图
Vertical & Horizontal Tunnel
Drainage
垂直&水平隧道排水
Road Base Drainage System
路基排水
Permeable Hose
21. Tunnel Drainage Conceal Perimeter Drain
隧道排水 暗沟外围排水
Tunnel Project in Nanjing, China
中国卫冈隧道
Bungalow at Jalan Tun Ismail, Ipoh
Perak.
马来西亚暗沟排水
22. Road Drainage Railside Drain
路肩排水 铁路排水
Sim Yang - Shan Hai Kuan Highway
Project in China
中国沈阳—山海关高速公路
Electrified Double Tracking Project
between Rawang and Ipoh
双轨铁路(新加坡新山到马来西亚怡保段)
23. Typical Retaining Wall Design
挡土墙排水
Vertical Drainage on Back of
Retaining Wall System
挡土墙背垂直排水配置图
Horizontal Drainage on Back
of Retaining Wall System
挡土墙背水平排水配置图
24. Retaining Wall Protection Drainage
挡土墙排水
Farlim area 9D, Bandar Baru Ayer
Item, Pulau Pinang.
槟城发林的挡土墙排水
Retaining Wall Project in Taiwan.
基隆海洋大学挡土墙排水
25. Typical Slope Drainage Design
Blind Ditch and Branches of
Intercepting Water on Ladder
Slope
边坡稳定排水
Slope Protection Drainage
System
横向排水
26. Slope Protection
边坡稳定排水
MTD - Pos Slim - Lojing Highway
(Second East - West Highway)
MTD马太公司-波斯林金仑高速公路
(第二横贯高速公路)
Horizontal Drainage Project in
Taiwan.
南二高云林嘉义路段 ,台湾
37. Method of Installation
Step 1: To measure the dimension &
level.
测量及水平高程
Step 2: To construct a sump.
凿阴井
Field Drainage (Sport Field)
埋设透水软管程序
38. Method of Installation
Step 3: To drill the holes for the hose
outlet.
钻洞预留孔
Step 4: To excavate the
trench for main hose.
开挖
Field Drainage (Sport Field)
39. Method of Installation
Step 6: To backfill the hose
with sand.
砂石级配回填
Step 5: To lay the main hose.
埋放透水软管
Field Drainage (Sport Field)
40. Method of Installation
Step 7: To excavate and level the
branch hose.
开挖支管埋设地及测量水平
Step 8: To lay and tie the
joints.
软管相连接
Field Drainage (Sport Field)
41. Method of Installation
Step 9: The T-joint.
接头方式
Step 10: To measure the finish
level.
完工后再测量一次水平
Field Drainage (Sport Field)
42. Method of Installation
Step 11: To mark the expected finish
level.
测量完水平后标示记号
Step 12: To flatten and chamfer
the surface layers.
地面回填整平
Field Drainage (Sport Field)