This document describes a study that evaluated the wound healing properties of leaves and roots of the plant Pavetta indica using excision and incision wound models in rats. In the excision wound model, groups treated with chloroform and methanol extracts of both leaves and roots showed the highest percentage of wound contraction compared to the control group. In the incision wound model, leaf and root extract treatments also improved tensile strength more than the control. Overall, the results suggest that P. indica extracts, particularly root extracts, facilitate wound healing in both models.
ABSTRACT- The present study was planned to study the antimicrobial activity of different plant extract against selected microorganisms. The plants used in the present study were Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Withania somnifera (Ashwgandha), Santalum album (Chandan), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), and shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). The extract from the leaves of these plants (are) used in malaria, bronchitis, gastric disorders, cough, cold etc. To test efficiency of some common plants extract against E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus. Contrary to the synthetic drugs, antimicrobials of plant origin are not associated with many side effects and have an enormous therapeutic potential to heal many infectious diseases. The present investigation is therefore, undertaken to test the efficiency of some of the common plant extracts against some plants and human pathogens, i.e. E. coli and S. aureus. In this project work, we studied the different parts of medicinal plants of Latur, Osmanabad region used for curing different type of diseases specially skin diseases. Some plants have active components which show antimicrobial activity. These Herbal plants are beneficial to human being in therapeutic practice. Skin diseases are difficult conditions to live with, to save the very least. Though some skin diseases may cause minimal discomfort, the visual effects of the conditions can cause significant self esteem and confidence issues. The majority of skin diseases cause scarring or disfigurement. Skin diseases run the gambit from barely noticeable to fatal.
Key-words- Medicinal plants, Antimicrobial activity, Antifungal activity
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing effects. The results suggest J. curcas has potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing properties. The results suggest J. curcas extracts have potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing properties. The results suggest J. curcas extracts have potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA IN RATS”sanjay verma
Classification of Wound
General Procedure for Wound Repair
Pathologic Aspects of Wound Healing
Stages of Wound Healing
Factor Affecting Wound Healing
Collections of Plants
Identification and authentication of plant material
Preparation of Extract
Preliminary Phytochemical Studies
Test for Glycosides
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the wound healing potential of an ointment formulated with 15% Trichodesma zeylanicum methanolic root extract. Albino rats with excision wounds were treated topically daily with either the herbal ointment, Neosporin ointment (control), or an ointment base. Wound closure was slower with the herbal ointment but increased to 76.95% by day 17. Biochemical parameters related to wound healing, such as collagen and mucopolysaccharide content, generally improved more with Neosporin ointment. However, the herbal ointment also showed wound healing effects. The study concluded that T
Analgesic activity of various leaf extracts of saraca indica linn.Younis I Munshi
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the analgesic activity of different leaf extracts of Saraca indica in mice models. The extracts showed dose-dependent analgesic effects in both the formalin-induced pain and tail immersion tests. In the formalin test, the methanol extract at 400 mg/kg produced the highest analgesic activity, inhibiting pain response by 55.87% in the first phase and 49.21% in the second phase. In the tail immersion test, the methanol extract also increased the tail flick latency time the most compared to control, suggesting it may have central analgesic effects. The results indicate that extracts of Saraca indica leaves possess analgesic properties.
Evaluation of Protective Efficacy of Hydro Alcoholic Extract and Methanol Fra...paperpublications3
Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate and compare the radioprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) and methanol fraction (MF) of Tamarindus indica pod in mice against electron beam radiation. Animals were treated with 100 mg/Kg body weight of HAE and MF of T. indica for 15 consecutive days before exposing to 6Gy (sublethal dose) whole body EBR. The irradiation of animals resulted in an elevation in lipid peroxidation and reduction in glutathione, total antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Irradiated group had shown micronucleus in the bone marrow cells. Treatment of mice with HAE and MF before irradiation, reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when compared with the irradiated group. Pretreated mice showed a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation followed by elevation in reduced glutathione, total antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. It also showed a reduction in the micronucleus formation in bone marrow cells. The findings of our study indicate the protective efficacy of HAE and MF on radiation induced biochemical and chromosomal changes in mice may be due to its free radical scavenging and increased antioxidant levels. It also reveals MF, a better protective agent than that of HAE of T. indica.
ABSTRACT- The present study was planned to study the antimicrobial activity of different plant extract against selected microorganisms. The plants used in the present study were Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Withania somnifera (Ashwgandha), Santalum album (Chandan), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), and shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). The extract from the leaves of these plants (are) used in malaria, bronchitis, gastric disorders, cough, cold etc. To test efficiency of some common plants extract against E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus. Contrary to the synthetic drugs, antimicrobials of plant origin are not associated with many side effects and have an enormous therapeutic potential to heal many infectious diseases. The present investigation is therefore, undertaken to test the efficiency of some of the common plant extracts against some plants and human pathogens, i.e. E. coli and S. aureus. In this project work, we studied the different parts of medicinal plants of Latur, Osmanabad region used for curing different type of diseases specially skin diseases. Some plants have active components which show antimicrobial activity. These Herbal plants are beneficial to human being in therapeutic practice. Skin diseases are difficult conditions to live with, to save the very least. Though some skin diseases may cause minimal discomfort, the visual effects of the conditions can cause significant self esteem and confidence issues. The majority of skin diseases cause scarring or disfigurement. Skin diseases run the gambit from barely noticeable to fatal.
Key-words- Medicinal plants, Antimicrobial activity, Antifungal activity
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing effects. The results suggest J. curcas has potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing properties. The results suggest J. curcas extracts have potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
This study investigated the wound healing properties of a herbal ointment containing extracts of Jatropha curcas leaf. Rats were inflicted with excision wounds and treated topically with ointments containing different concentrations of J. curcas extract. Wound closure was assessed by wound area measurements. Ointments containing J. curcas extracts significantly accelerated wound healing in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides in J. curcas extracts which may contribute to wound healing properties. The results suggest J. curcas extracts have potential for use in commercial wound healing ointments.
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA IN RATS”sanjay verma
Classification of Wound
General Procedure for Wound Repair
Pathologic Aspects of Wound Healing
Stages of Wound Healing
Factor Affecting Wound Healing
Collections of Plants
Identification and authentication of plant material
Preparation of Extract
Preliminary Phytochemical Studies
Test for Glycosides
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the wound healing potential of an ointment formulated with 15% Trichodesma zeylanicum methanolic root extract. Albino rats with excision wounds were treated topically daily with either the herbal ointment, Neosporin ointment (control), or an ointment base. Wound closure was slower with the herbal ointment but increased to 76.95% by day 17. Biochemical parameters related to wound healing, such as collagen and mucopolysaccharide content, generally improved more with Neosporin ointment. However, the herbal ointment also showed wound healing effects. The study concluded that T
Analgesic activity of various leaf extracts of saraca indica linn.Younis I Munshi
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the analgesic activity of different leaf extracts of Saraca indica in mice models. The extracts showed dose-dependent analgesic effects in both the formalin-induced pain and tail immersion tests. In the formalin test, the methanol extract at 400 mg/kg produced the highest analgesic activity, inhibiting pain response by 55.87% in the first phase and 49.21% in the second phase. In the tail immersion test, the methanol extract also increased the tail flick latency time the most compared to control, suggesting it may have central analgesic effects. The results indicate that extracts of Saraca indica leaves possess analgesic properties.
Evaluation of Protective Efficacy of Hydro Alcoholic Extract and Methanol Fra...paperpublications3
Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate and compare the radioprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) and methanol fraction (MF) of Tamarindus indica pod in mice against electron beam radiation. Animals were treated with 100 mg/Kg body weight of HAE and MF of T. indica for 15 consecutive days before exposing to 6Gy (sublethal dose) whole body EBR. The irradiation of animals resulted in an elevation in lipid peroxidation and reduction in glutathione, total antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Irradiated group had shown micronucleus in the bone marrow cells. Treatment of mice with HAE and MF before irradiation, reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when compared with the irradiated group. Pretreated mice showed a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation followed by elevation in reduced glutathione, total antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. It also showed a reduction in the micronucleus formation in bone marrow cells. The findings of our study indicate the protective efficacy of HAE and MF on radiation induced biochemical and chromosomal changes in mice may be due to its free radical scavenging and increased antioxidant levels. It also reveals MF, a better protective agent than that of HAE of T. indica.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This document summarizes a study on the allelopathic effects of different concentrations of leaf extracts of Lawsonia inermis L. on the seed germination of Steria italica, Pennisetum americanum, and Lactuca sativa. Seeds were treated with aqueous extracts of dried and crushed L. inermis leaves at concentrations of 0.5g, 1.0g, and 1.5g that were soaked for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The extracts showed inhibition of germination percentage and seedling growth in terms of radical and plumule length and fresh and dry weight compared to the control in all three test species, with inhibition increasing at higher extract concentrations and longer soaking
11.protective effect of phyllanthus niruri on dmba croton oil mediated carcin...Alexander Decker
1) The study investigated the protective effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract (PNE) on skin carcinogenesis and oxidative damage in mice induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and croton oil.
2) PNE significantly reduced tumor incidence, burden, volume and weight compared to the carcinogen control group. It also prolonged the latent period of tumor occurrence.
3) PNE protected against losses in antioxidant levels like glutathione, vitamin C and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the liver and skin caused by DMBA/croton oil. It also reduced lipid peroxidation levels.
4) PNE administration
Protective effect of phyllanthus niruri on dmba croton oil mediated carcinoge...Alexander Decker
1. The study investigated the protective effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract (PNE) on skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA/croton oil in mice.
2. PNE significantly reduced tumor incidence, burden, volume and weight compared to the carcinogen control group. It also prolonged the latent period of tumor occurrence.
3. PNE administration protected against losses in antioxidant levels like glutathione, Vitamin C and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase caused by DMBA/croton oil. It also reduced lipid peroxidation levels. PNE reverted pathological changes in skin and liver.
13 isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 13 ijtas 93-2018-hu...BIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: The choice of host plant is of critical importance when working with endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungi is still an emerging field and all plants seem to harbour fungi with some bioactive content and activities. However, there are certain metabolites that are characteristic of certain biotopes. Thus, a rationale for selecting promising plant sources should be established. Of particular interest are the plants that are used as medicinal plants or plants that populate a unique environment. Artemisia is a widely used medicinal plant. In this research work, the endophytic mycota of Artemisia scoparia was studied. In order to isolate endophytic fungi, 155 plant segments from 20 samples of Artemisia scoparia were collected from its natural habitat in Dachigam National. This habitat is a unique environment and a protected area. Six different fungal isolates were obtained from root, leaf and stem plant parts. Among the identified isolates, the most abundant genera were Gliocladium solani followed by Penicillium melinii with a colonization frequency of 62 and 37.5% respectively. The objective of this study was to report new data regarding the endophytic fungi found in medicinal plant Artemisia scoparia. This systematic investigation revealed that traditional medicinal plants are a rich and reliable source of novel endophytic fungi.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Kashmir, Medicinal plant
Effect of lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Aquilaria subintegra on aphrodi...Mohammed Muayad TA
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts on parameters related to aphrodisiac properties in mice. 30 male mice were divided into groups receiving various doses of the extract or saline by oral gavage for 21 days. Sexual behavior was observed by introducing females and recording mounts and intromissions. Offspring number, sex ratio, and pregnancy rate were measured. Blood was collected to measure testosterone. Results showed the 50 mg/kg dose increased mounts initially, while the 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg doses increased offspring number but did not affect other parameters compared to controls. The study suggests the extract may increase breeding rate but not have strong aphrodis
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from two mangrove plant species. Eleven actinomycete isolates were obtained from Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris plants collected from Goa, India. In screening for antimicrobial activity, some isolates showed inhibition against test bacteria and fungi. Isolates RO7, RO11 exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, while RO9 showed both antibacterial and antifungal effects. In antioxidant analysis by DPPH radical scavenging, the ethyl acetate extracts of RO7, RO11, and RO9 demonstrated dose-dependent free radical scavenging,
The document discusses a study on the efficacy of aqueous plant extracts in maintaining seed quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) during storage. The study evaluated the effect of treating pea seeds with aqueous extracts of various plants (Artemisia roxburghii, A. annua, Melia azedarach, Mentha longifolia, M. spicata, Tagetes erecta) at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%) on germination, vigor, and bruchid infestation over a six month storage period. The results showed that seed treatment with aqueous extracts of M. spicata and M. longifolia maintained significantly higher ger
Wound Healing Potential of Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn. in Streptozotocin-ind...BRNSS Publication Hub
Aim of the Study: The aim is to study the evaluation of the wound healing properties of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of roots of Paspalum scrobiculatum in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg body weight) were administered orally to male Wistar albino rats. Streptozotocin was used to induce irreversible diabetes mellitus and excision wound healing method for determining wound healing activity for 21 days. Results: Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts at different dose levels produced the decrease in fasting blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner. After 14 days, the maximum reduction in fasting blood glucose (211.00 mg/dl and 224.50 mg/dl) was observed in diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg dose, respectively. A momentary decrease in blood glucose level was also observed in the ethyl acetate extract-treated rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The maximum percentage contraction in wound area (27.60–98.51% and 24.13–93.96%) was observed in diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg dose, respectively, on the 15th day of 21 days’ study. Conclusion: The study reveals that P. scrobiculatum has wound healing activity along with antidiabetic activity, thereby mitigating its conventional uses and amplify it into an allopathic system of medicine.
Neem Azadirachta indica has much importance. Usefulness of neem has already mentioned in several literature. Ayurveda has mentioned its use in many disease conditions. Now public awareness for herbal products are increasing highly so it has been found demand of neem products are increasing day by day. Neem is a plant who's every parts holds multiple usage. Researcher has reported many medicinal benefits of neem. Neem is known for its anti diabetic, anti inflammatory, anti cancer effect. Neem is used in many hindu rituals. This review work represents several usage of neem which will provide a great knowledge to people and let them know about the wonder of neem. Rudra Prasad Giri | Dr. Ajit. K. Gangawane | Dr. Sucheta Ghorai Giri ""Neem the Wonder Herb: A Short Review"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23038.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/23038/neem-the-wonder-herb-a-short-review/rudra-prasad-giri
The Medicinal Plant of Mimusops Elengi (Sapodaceae) in Antimicrobial ActivitiesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes a study on the antimicrobial activities of Mimusops elengi, a medicinal plant from Tamil Nadu, India. Extracts from different parts of the plant were tested against bacteria and fungi. The key findings were:
1) Extracts from the leaves, stem bark, and roots showed inhibitory effects against both bacteria and fungi. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts generally exhibited higher antimicrobial activity.
2) Against bacteria, leaf and stem bark extracts effectively inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, B. thuringiensis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Root extracts were most active against B. thuringiensis and Escherichia coli.
3)
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
This document describes the development of a monoherbal formulation containing an extract of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) for its laxative properties. Flaxseed was extracted using a pilot scale extraction plant and the extract was spray dried. A chewable tablet formulation was developed containing the flaxseed extract using wet granulation technique. The formulation was evaluated for various pharmacopoeial parameters and was found to comply with specifications. In an animal study, the formulation showed laxative activity comparable to the reference standard drug agar-agar, indicating the laxative properties of the combined phytoconstituents in flaxseed.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
ABSTRACT- Medicinal Plants have been practiced for hundreds of centuries by tribes all over the world. From the earliest times until the end of nineteenth century plants are still the common source of medicinal treatment yet. Using natural, plant-derived medicines that are “healthier” then prescription drugs derived from synthesized products is something that appeals to consumers. The medicinal plants are of great importance because there are utilized as medicines. Aim of this research work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola plant against various patho-genic strains of bacteria. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia laureola were used against four bacterial strains Escherichia coli,Bacillus subti-lus, Staphylococcusaureus and Proteus mirabilis in order to check the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola. Antibacterial activity was conducted by agar well diffusion method. The Skimmia laureola showed different level of antibacterial activity. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia lau-reola showed antibacterial activity against the micro-organism but not too maximum. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Skimmia Laureola, Antibacterial Activity.
A Comparative study of the Antimicrobial activities of five varieties of esse...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A B S T R A C T
The main objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a poly herbal ointment with antiseptic activity.
Ointments were formulated using methanolic extracts of Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica and Achyranthes
aspera which were evaluated for its physicochemical property, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Ointments were
prepared using different concentrations of the extracts such as 2%, 4%, 6% w/w by fusion method using emulsifying
ointment as base. Formulations were then tested for its physicochemical properties which gave satisfactory results. The
prepared formulations were also stable at 4ºC, 25ºC and 37ºC. Further, Polyherbal formulations were evaluated for its antibacterial
activity against Betadine (5%w/w) as the standard. All the formulations showed Predominant activity against
selected species. Formulations were also evaluated for anti-oxidant activity through reducing power assay, nitric oxide and
hydrogen peroxide scavenging method. The results showed that the scavenging activity of the formulations increased with
increase in concentration and this is due to the presence of flavanoids and tannins. The presence of both antibacterial and
antioxidant activity reveals that the prepared ointment can also be used for wound healing. Hence an attempt was made to
formulate a Polyherbal ointment, and to evaluate for its physical parameter, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity and to compare its
antibacterial activity with a marketed formulation (5% w/w Betadine).Overall result of this study reveals that this is an
effective Polyherbal antiseptic ointment.
Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica, Achyranthes aspera Formulations, Spread ability,
Extrudability
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF AQUEOUS AND PETROLEUM ETHER LEAF EXTRACTS OF JATRO...IJSIT Editor
The experiment was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial property of aqueous and Petroleum
ether leaf extracts of Jatrophacurcas against some gram positive micro-organisms: Staphylococcus aureus,
Bacillus subtilis and some gram negative micro-organisms: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi using
antibiotics; Gentamycin as control. The phytochemical screening of aqueous and petroleum ether extracts
showed the presences of cardiac glycosides, steroids and terpenes, tannins, phlobatannins, anthraguinones
and saponins. The disc diffusion techniques was used to test the sensitivity of the micro-organism to the
extracts of Jatrophacurcas the results obtained show mean zones of inhibition between (19 + 0.6mm) to (30 +
0.3mm) for aqueous extract and (24 + 0.5mm) to (35 + 0.8mm) for petroleum ether extract. Micro-organisms
showed sensitivity in the following order: E.coli;(17 + 0.3mm) and (25 + 0.8mm), S.aureus; (26 + 0.2mm) and
(28 + 0.6mm), B.subtilis; (16 + 0.1mm) and (20 + 0.7mm), and S.typhi (25 + 0.2mm) and (27 + 0.6mm) for
aqueous and petroleum ether extracts respectively. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for both
extracts show that the extracts inhibited the growth of the entire test organism at concentration 0.6mg/ml.
This result thus suggests the potency of Jatrophacurcas as an antimicrobial agent especially at the
concentration employed.
The document analyzes the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical composition of aerial parts of Cynodon dactylon. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of C. dactylon were tested against bacterial and fungal strains. The ethanol extract showed larger inhibition zones against bacterial strains like Salmonella paratyphi compared to the aqueous extract. Both extracts inhibited the growth of pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol extract was more effective against Candida albicans while the aqueous extract worked better against Aspergillus niger. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of compounds like terpenoids, tannins and flavonoids in C. dactylon, which could
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Psidium Guajava against ...ijtsrd
The some plants have been good source of drugs for microbial resistance. The research for newer source of antibiotics is a global challenges in pharmaceutical companies. Present time plants are being extensively explored for harboring medicinal properties. Phytochemical are naturally occurring compounds present in the medicinal plants such as flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds. Psidium guajava is a phototherapeutic plant used in folk medicine and is believed to have active components that helps in treatment and management of various disease such as wounds, ulcers, etc. Guava extract has exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against microorganisms. This study investigates the phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Psidium guajava leaf extracts. Antibacterial activity at the plant extract were determined against K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, E. coli. Psidium guajava leaf extracts provided scientific evidence for the rational use of P. juajava leaves in prevention of disorders due to Presence of some useful phytochemicals and in the treatment of disease caused by some bacterial pathogens such as S. aureus, B. cereus, K. pneumonae, E. coli. The present work demonstrates the antimicrobial potential of Psidium guajava leaves extracts by using various solvents. Pooja Soudawat | Anand Verma "Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Psidium Guajava against Some Clinical Pathogens" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29134.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/29134/phytochemical-analysis-and-antibacterial-activity-of-psidium-guajava-against-some-clinical-pathogens/pooja-soudawat
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This document summarizes a study on the allelopathic effects of different concentrations of leaf extracts of Lawsonia inermis L. on the seed germination of Steria italica, Pennisetum americanum, and Lactuca sativa. Seeds were treated with aqueous extracts of dried and crushed L. inermis leaves at concentrations of 0.5g, 1.0g, and 1.5g that were soaked for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The extracts showed inhibition of germination percentage and seedling growth in terms of radical and plumule length and fresh and dry weight compared to the control in all three test species, with inhibition increasing at higher extract concentrations and longer soaking
11.protective effect of phyllanthus niruri on dmba croton oil mediated carcin...Alexander Decker
1) The study investigated the protective effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract (PNE) on skin carcinogenesis and oxidative damage in mice induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and croton oil.
2) PNE significantly reduced tumor incidence, burden, volume and weight compared to the carcinogen control group. It also prolonged the latent period of tumor occurrence.
3) PNE protected against losses in antioxidant levels like glutathione, vitamin C and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the liver and skin caused by DMBA/croton oil. It also reduced lipid peroxidation levels.
4) PNE administration
Protective effect of phyllanthus niruri on dmba croton oil mediated carcinoge...Alexander Decker
1. The study investigated the protective effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract (PNE) on skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA/croton oil in mice.
2. PNE significantly reduced tumor incidence, burden, volume and weight compared to the carcinogen control group. It also prolonged the latent period of tumor occurrence.
3. PNE administration protected against losses in antioxidant levels like glutathione, Vitamin C and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase caused by DMBA/croton oil. It also reduced lipid peroxidation levels. PNE reverted pathological changes in skin and liver.
13 isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 13 ijtas 93-2018-hu...BIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: The choice of host plant is of critical importance when working with endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungi is still an emerging field and all plants seem to harbour fungi with some bioactive content and activities. However, there are certain metabolites that are characteristic of certain biotopes. Thus, a rationale for selecting promising plant sources should be established. Of particular interest are the plants that are used as medicinal plants or plants that populate a unique environment. Artemisia is a widely used medicinal plant. In this research work, the endophytic mycota of Artemisia scoparia was studied. In order to isolate endophytic fungi, 155 plant segments from 20 samples of Artemisia scoparia were collected from its natural habitat in Dachigam National. This habitat is a unique environment and a protected area. Six different fungal isolates were obtained from root, leaf and stem plant parts. Among the identified isolates, the most abundant genera were Gliocladium solani followed by Penicillium melinii with a colonization frequency of 62 and 37.5% respectively. The objective of this study was to report new data regarding the endophytic fungi found in medicinal plant Artemisia scoparia. This systematic investigation revealed that traditional medicinal plants are a rich and reliable source of novel endophytic fungi.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Kashmir, Medicinal plant
Effect of lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Aquilaria subintegra on aphrodi...Mohammed Muayad TA
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts on parameters related to aphrodisiac properties in mice. 30 male mice were divided into groups receiving various doses of the extract or saline by oral gavage for 21 days. Sexual behavior was observed by introducing females and recording mounts and intromissions. Offspring number, sex ratio, and pregnancy rate were measured. Blood was collected to measure testosterone. Results showed the 50 mg/kg dose increased mounts initially, while the 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg doses increased offspring number but did not affect other parameters compared to controls. The study suggests the extract may increase breeding rate but not have strong aphrodis
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from two mangrove plant species. Eleven actinomycete isolates were obtained from Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris plants collected from Goa, India. In screening for antimicrobial activity, some isolates showed inhibition against test bacteria and fungi. Isolates RO7, RO11 exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, while RO9 showed both antibacterial and antifungal effects. In antioxidant analysis by DPPH radical scavenging, the ethyl acetate extracts of RO7, RO11, and RO9 demonstrated dose-dependent free radical scavenging,
The document discusses a study on the efficacy of aqueous plant extracts in maintaining seed quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) during storage. The study evaluated the effect of treating pea seeds with aqueous extracts of various plants (Artemisia roxburghii, A. annua, Melia azedarach, Mentha longifolia, M. spicata, Tagetes erecta) at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%) on germination, vigor, and bruchid infestation over a six month storage period. The results showed that seed treatment with aqueous extracts of M. spicata and M. longifolia maintained significantly higher ger
Wound Healing Potential of Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn. in Streptozotocin-ind...BRNSS Publication Hub
Aim of the Study: The aim is to study the evaluation of the wound healing properties of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of roots of Paspalum scrobiculatum in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg body weight) were administered orally to male Wistar albino rats. Streptozotocin was used to induce irreversible diabetes mellitus and excision wound healing method for determining wound healing activity for 21 days. Results: Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts at different dose levels produced the decrease in fasting blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner. After 14 days, the maximum reduction in fasting blood glucose (211.00 mg/dl and 224.50 mg/dl) was observed in diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg dose, respectively. A momentary decrease in blood glucose level was also observed in the ethyl acetate extract-treated rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The maximum percentage contraction in wound area (27.60–98.51% and 24.13–93.96%) was observed in diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg dose, respectively, on the 15th day of 21 days’ study. Conclusion: The study reveals that P. scrobiculatum has wound healing activity along with antidiabetic activity, thereby mitigating its conventional uses and amplify it into an allopathic system of medicine.
Neem Azadirachta indica has much importance. Usefulness of neem has already mentioned in several literature. Ayurveda has mentioned its use in many disease conditions. Now public awareness for herbal products are increasing highly so it has been found demand of neem products are increasing day by day. Neem is a plant who's every parts holds multiple usage. Researcher has reported many medicinal benefits of neem. Neem is known for its anti diabetic, anti inflammatory, anti cancer effect. Neem is used in many hindu rituals. This review work represents several usage of neem which will provide a great knowledge to people and let them know about the wonder of neem. Rudra Prasad Giri | Dr. Ajit. K. Gangawane | Dr. Sucheta Ghorai Giri ""Neem the Wonder Herb: A Short Review"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23038.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/23038/neem-the-wonder-herb-a-short-review/rudra-prasad-giri
The Medicinal Plant of Mimusops Elengi (Sapodaceae) in Antimicrobial ActivitiesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes a study on the antimicrobial activities of Mimusops elengi, a medicinal plant from Tamil Nadu, India. Extracts from different parts of the plant were tested against bacteria and fungi. The key findings were:
1) Extracts from the leaves, stem bark, and roots showed inhibitory effects against both bacteria and fungi. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts generally exhibited higher antimicrobial activity.
2) Against bacteria, leaf and stem bark extracts effectively inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, B. thuringiensis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Root extracts were most active against B. thuringiensis and Escherichia coli.
3)
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
This document describes the development of a monoherbal formulation containing an extract of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) for its laxative properties. Flaxseed was extracted using a pilot scale extraction plant and the extract was spray dried. A chewable tablet formulation was developed containing the flaxseed extract using wet granulation technique. The formulation was evaluated for various pharmacopoeial parameters and was found to comply with specifications. In an animal study, the formulation showed laxative activity comparable to the reference standard drug agar-agar, indicating the laxative properties of the combined phytoconstituents in flaxseed.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
ABSTRACT- Medicinal Plants have been practiced for hundreds of centuries by tribes all over the world. From the earliest times until the end of nineteenth century plants are still the common source of medicinal treatment yet. Using natural, plant-derived medicines that are “healthier” then prescription drugs derived from synthesized products is something that appeals to consumers. The medicinal plants are of great importance because there are utilized as medicines. Aim of this research work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola plant against various patho-genic strains of bacteria. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia laureola were used against four bacterial strains Escherichia coli,Bacillus subti-lus, Staphylococcusaureus and Proteus mirabilis in order to check the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola. Antibacterial activity was conducted by agar well diffusion method. The Skimmia laureola showed different level of antibacterial activity. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia lau-reola showed antibacterial activity against the micro-organism but not too maximum. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Skimmia Laureola, Antibacterial Activity.
A Comparative study of the Antimicrobial activities of five varieties of esse...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A B S T R A C T
The main objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a poly herbal ointment with antiseptic activity.
Ointments were formulated using methanolic extracts of Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica and Achyranthes
aspera which were evaluated for its physicochemical property, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Ointments were
prepared using different concentrations of the extracts such as 2%, 4%, 6% w/w by fusion method using emulsifying
ointment as base. Formulations were then tested for its physicochemical properties which gave satisfactory results. The
prepared formulations were also stable at 4ºC, 25ºC and 37ºC. Further, Polyherbal formulations were evaluated for its antibacterial
activity against Betadine (5%w/w) as the standard. All the formulations showed Predominant activity against
selected species. Formulations were also evaluated for anti-oxidant activity through reducing power assay, nitric oxide and
hydrogen peroxide scavenging method. The results showed that the scavenging activity of the formulations increased with
increase in concentration and this is due to the presence of flavanoids and tannins. The presence of both antibacterial and
antioxidant activity reveals that the prepared ointment can also be used for wound healing. Hence an attempt was made to
formulate a Polyherbal ointment, and to evaluate for its physical parameter, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity and to compare its
antibacterial activity with a marketed formulation (5% w/w Betadine).Overall result of this study reveals that this is an
effective Polyherbal antiseptic ointment.
Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica, Achyranthes aspera Formulations, Spread ability,
Extrudability
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF AQUEOUS AND PETROLEUM ETHER LEAF EXTRACTS OF JATRO...IJSIT Editor
The experiment was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial property of aqueous and Petroleum
ether leaf extracts of Jatrophacurcas against some gram positive micro-organisms: Staphylococcus aureus,
Bacillus subtilis and some gram negative micro-organisms: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi using
antibiotics; Gentamycin as control. The phytochemical screening of aqueous and petroleum ether extracts
showed the presences of cardiac glycosides, steroids and terpenes, tannins, phlobatannins, anthraguinones
and saponins. The disc diffusion techniques was used to test the sensitivity of the micro-organism to the
extracts of Jatrophacurcas the results obtained show mean zones of inhibition between (19 + 0.6mm) to (30 +
0.3mm) for aqueous extract and (24 + 0.5mm) to (35 + 0.8mm) for petroleum ether extract. Micro-organisms
showed sensitivity in the following order: E.coli;(17 + 0.3mm) and (25 + 0.8mm), S.aureus; (26 + 0.2mm) and
(28 + 0.6mm), B.subtilis; (16 + 0.1mm) and (20 + 0.7mm), and S.typhi (25 + 0.2mm) and (27 + 0.6mm) for
aqueous and petroleum ether extracts respectively. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for both
extracts show that the extracts inhibited the growth of the entire test organism at concentration 0.6mg/ml.
This result thus suggests the potency of Jatrophacurcas as an antimicrobial agent especially at the
concentration employed.
The document analyzes the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical composition of aerial parts of Cynodon dactylon. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of C. dactylon were tested against bacterial and fungal strains. The ethanol extract showed larger inhibition zones against bacterial strains like Salmonella paratyphi compared to the aqueous extract. Both extracts inhibited the growth of pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol extract was more effective against Candida albicans while the aqueous extract worked better against Aspergillus niger. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of compounds like terpenoids, tannins and flavonoids in C. dactylon, which could
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Psidium Guajava against ...ijtsrd
The some plants have been good source of drugs for microbial resistance. The research for newer source of antibiotics is a global challenges in pharmaceutical companies. Present time plants are being extensively explored for harboring medicinal properties. Phytochemical are naturally occurring compounds present in the medicinal plants such as flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds. Psidium guajava is a phototherapeutic plant used in folk medicine and is believed to have active components that helps in treatment and management of various disease such as wounds, ulcers, etc. Guava extract has exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against microorganisms. This study investigates the phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Psidium guajava leaf extracts. Antibacterial activity at the plant extract were determined against K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, E. coli. Psidium guajava leaf extracts provided scientific evidence for the rational use of P. juajava leaves in prevention of disorders due to Presence of some useful phytochemicals and in the treatment of disease caused by some bacterial pathogens such as S. aureus, B. cereus, K. pneumonae, E. coli. The present work demonstrates the antimicrobial potential of Psidium guajava leaves extracts by using various solvents. Pooja Soudawat | Anand Verma "Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Psidium Guajava against Some Clinical Pathogens" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29134.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/29134/phytochemical-analysis-and-antibacterial-activity-of-psidium-guajava-against-some-clinical-pathogens/pooja-soudawat
ALPHA LOGARITHM TRANSFORMED SEMI LOGISTIC DISTRIBUTION USING MAXIMUM LIKELIH...BRNSS Publication Hub
The document discusses the alpha logarithm transformed semi-logistic distribution and its maximum likelihood estimation method. It introduces the distribution, provides its probability density function and cumulative distribution function. It then describes generating random numbers from the distribution and outlines the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the distribution's unknown parameters. This involves deriving the likelihood function and taking its partial derivatives to obtain equations that are set to zero and solved to find maximum likelihood estimates of the location, scale, and shape parameters.
AN ASSESSMENT ON THE SPLIT AND NON-SPLIT DOMINATION NUMBER OF TENEMENT GRAPHSBRNSS Publication Hub
This document summarizes research on the split and non-split domination numbers of tenement graphs. It defines tenement graphs and provides basic definitions of domination, split domination, and non-split domination. Formulas for the split and non-split domination numbers of tenement graphs are presented based on the number of vertices. Theorems are presented stating that the mid vertex set of a tenement graph is always a split dominating set, but its size is not always equal to the split domination number.
This document summarizes research on generalized Cantor sets and functions where the standard construction is modified. It introduces Cantor sets defined by an arbitrary base where the intervals removed at each stage are not all the same length. It also defines irregular or transcendental Cantor sets generated by transcendental numbers like e. The key findings are:
1) There exists a unique probability measure for generalized Cantor sets that generates the cumulative distribution function.
2) The Holder exponent of generalized Cantor sets is shown to be logn/s where n is the base and s is the number of subintervals.
3) Lower and upper densities are defined for the measure on generalized Cantor functions and their properties are
SYMMETRIC BILINEAR CRYPTOGRAPHY ON ELLIPTIC CURVE AND LIE ALGEBRABRNSS Publication Hub
1) The document discusses symmetric bilinear pairings on elliptic curves and Lie algebras in the context of cryptography. It provides an overview of the theoretical foundations and applications of combining these areas.
2) Key concepts covered include the Weil pairing as a symmetric bilinear pairing on elliptic curves, its properties of bilinearity and non-degeneracy, and efficient computation. Applications of elliptic curves in cryptography like ECDH and ECDSA are also summarized.
3) The security of protocols like ECDH and ECDSA relies on the assumed difficulty of solving the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP). The document proves various mathematical aspects behind symmetric bilinear pairings and their use in elliptic curve cryptography.
SUITABILITY OF COINTEGRATION TESTS ON DATA STRUCTURE OF DIFFERENT ORDERSBRNSS Publication Hub
This document summarizes research investigating the suitability of cointegration tests on time series data of different orders. The researchers used simulated time series data from normal and gamma distributions at sample sizes of 30, 60, and 90. Three cointegration tests (Engle-Granger, Johansen, and Phillips-Ouliaris) were applied to the data. The tests were assessed based on type 1 error rates and power to determine which test was most robust for different distributions and sample sizes. The results indicated the Phillips-Ouliaris test was generally the most effective at determining cointegration across different sample sizes and distributions.
Artificial Intelligence: A Manifested Leap in Psychiatric RehabilitationBRNSS Publication Hub
Artificial intelligence shows promise in improving psychiatric rehabilitation in 3 key ways:
1) AI can help diagnose and treat mental health issues through virtual therapists and chatbots, improving access and reducing stigma.
2) Technologies like machine learning and big data allow personalized interventions and more accurate diagnoses.
3) The COVID-19 pandemic has increased need for mental health support, and AI may help address gaps by providing remote services.
A Review on Polyherbal Formulations and Herbal Medicine for Management of Ul...BRNSS Publication Hub
This document provides a review of polyherbal formulations and herbal medicines for treating peptic ulcers. It discusses how peptic ulcers occur due to an imbalance between aggressive and protective factors in the gastrointestinal tract. Common causes include H. pylori infection and NSAID use. While synthetic medications are available, herbal supplements are more affordable and have fewer side effects. The review examines various herbs that have traditionally been used to treat ulcers, including their active chemical constituents. It defines polyherbal formulations as combinations of two or more herbs, which can enhance therapeutic effects while reducing toxicity. The document aims to summarize recent research on herb and polyherbal formulation treatments for peptic ulcers.
Current Trends in Treatments and Targets of Neglected Tropical DiseaseBRNSS Publication Hub
This document summarizes current trends in treatments and targets of neglected tropical diseases. It begins by stating that neglected tropical diseases affect over 1.7 billion people globally each year and are caused by a variety of microbes. The World Health Organization is working to eliminate 30 neglected tropical diseases by 2030. The document then discusses several specific neglected tropical diseases in more detail, including human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, soil-transmitted helminths, and schistosomiasis. It describes the causative agents, transmission methods, symptoms, affected populations, and current treatment options for each of these diseases. Overall, the document aims to briefly discuss neglected infectious diseases and treatment
Evaluation of Cordia Dichotoma gum as A Potent Excipient for the Formulation ...BRNSS Publication Hub
This document summarizes a study that evaluated Cordia dichotoma gum as an excipient for oral thin film drug delivery. Films were prepared with varying ratios of the gum, plasticizers (methyl paraben and glycerine), and the model drug diclofenac sodium. The films were evaluated for properties like thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, water uptake, and drug release kinetics. The results found that a film with 10% gum, 0.2% methyl paraben and 2.5% glycerine (CDF3) exhibited the best results among the formulations tested. Stability studies showed the films were stable for 30 days at different temperatures. Overall, the study demonstrated that C.
Assessment of Medication Adherence Pattern for Patients with Chronic Diseases...BRNSS Publication Hub
This study assessed medication adherence and knowledge among rural patients with chronic diseases in South Indian hospitals. 1500 hypertensive patients were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received education from pharmacists at various times, while the control group did not. A questionnaire evaluated patients' medication knowledge at baseline and several follow-ups. The intervention group showed improved medication knowledge scores after education compared to the control group. Female gender, lower education, and income were linked to lower knowledge. The study highlights the need to educate rural patients to improve medication understanding and adherence.
This document proposes a system to hide information using four algorithms for image steganography. The system first encrypts data using a modified AES algorithm. It then encrypts the encrypted data using a modified RSA algorithm. Next, it uses a fuzzy stream algorithm to add ambiguity. Finally, it hides the encrypted data in the least significant bits of cover images using LSB steganography. The document evaluates the proposed system using metrics like PSNR, MSE, and SSIM to analyze image quality and the ability to hide data imperceptibly compared to other techniques. It selects four color images as cover files and tests the system on them.
The document discusses Goldbach's problems and their solutions. It summarizes that the ternary Goldbach problem, which states that every odd number greater than 7 can be represented as the sum of three odd primes, was solved in 2013. It also discusses Ramare's 1995 proof that any even number can be represented as the sum of no more than 6 primes. The document then provides proofs for theorems related to representing numbers as sums of primes and concludes there are an infinite number of twin primes.
The document summarizes research on k-super contra harmonic mean labeling of graphs. It defines k-super Lehmer-3 mean labeling of a graph as an injective vertex labeling such that the induced edge labels satisfy certain properties. It proves that several families of graphs admit k-super Lehmer-3 mean labeling for any positive integer k, including triangular snakes, double triangular snakes, alternative triangular snakes, quadrilateral snakes, and alternative quadrilateral snakes. The document introduces the concept of k-super Lehmer-3 mean labeling and investigates this property for these families of graphs.
The document summarizes research on using various iterative schemes to solve fixed-point problems and inequalities involving self-mappings and contractions in Banach spaces. It defines concepts like non-expansive mappings, mean non-expansive mappings, and rates of convergence. The paper presents two theorems: 1) an iterative scheme for a sequence involving a self-mapping T is shown to converge to a fixed point of T, and 2) an iterative process involving a self-contraction mapping T is defined and shown to converge. Limiting cases are considered to prove convergence as the number of iterations approaches infinity.
This document summarizes research on analyzing and simulating the accuracy and stability of closed-loop control systems. It discusses various techniques for evaluating accuracy and stability, including steady-state error analysis, stability analysis, and simulation. Factors that can affect accuracy and stability are also identified, such as sensor noise, model inaccuracies, and environmental disturbances. The paper provides an overview of closed-loop control systems and their uses in various engineering fields like manufacturing, chemical processes, vehicles, aircraft, and power systems.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
2. Prasad, et al.: Wound Healing activity of Leaves roots of Pavetta Indica Linn of by using different extracts
IJPBA/Apr-Jun-2018/Vol 9/Issue 2 102
October. The collected material is compared
with the published description of the drug, and
identificationisverifiedbyanacknowledgedexpert.
The plant material was identified and authenticated
by Dr. Ziaul Hasan, HOD, Department of Botany,
Safia College of Science and Education Bhopal
(MP), India. A
voucher specimen of plant was
specified as 550/Bot/Safia/14a (P. indica leaves)
and 550/Bot/Safia/14b (P. indica roots).
Extraction of plant material
Extraction of plant material was done by
successive solvent extraction method using
various organic solvent as according to non-polar
to polar.[12]
The plant material was placed inside
a thimble made from thick filter paper, which
is loaded into the main chamber of the Soxhlet
extractor. This extractor is placed on a distillation
flask containing the solvent. The Soxhlet is then
equipped with a condenser, and the solvent is
heated to reflux. The warm solvent vapor travels
up a distillation arm and floods into the chamber
housing the thimble. When the chamber is almost
full, it gets automatically emptied by a siphon
sidearm back down to the distillation flask. This
cycle may be allowed to repeat many times so that
the desired compound gets concentrated in the
distillation flask. The plant material was defatted
with petroleum ether (40–60°C) for about 9 h,
and complete defatting was ensured by placing a
drop from the thimble on a filter paper which did
not exhibited any oily spot. The defatted material
was removed from the Soxhlet apparatus and air-
dried to remove last traces of petroleum ether. The
defatted material was subjected to extraction by
chloroformandethanolassolvent.Theprocesswas
carried out for about different timings for different
solvents. The liquid extracts were collected in a
tarred conical flask. The solvent was removed by
distillation. Last traces of solvent being removed
under vacuum. The extract obtained with each
solvent was weighed to a constant weight, and
percentage w/w basis was calculated.
Wound healing activity
Selection of model
Excision and incision wound model, using albino
rats was selected for assessing the wound healing
activity. This model was employed to study
the rate of wound contraction, time, and tensile
strength estimation. These parameters were
selected because of easy availability of albino rats
and simplicity in handling them.
Selection and procurement of animals
After taking permission for animal studies from the
InstitutionalAnimals Ethics Committee (Reg No.TIT/
IAEC/831/P’col/2015/35), albino rats were procured
and rats of either sex weighing 150–200 g were
selected, maintained at 24–28°C, housed individually
with free access to food and water. The animals
were left for 48 h to acclimatize to the animal room
conditions. They were fed with the standard diet.
Excision wound model
In the excision wound model, rats were depicted by
removing hairs at the dorsal thoracic region before
wounding. Rats were anesthetized by diethyl ether
before excision. Circular wound of about 2.5 cm
diameter was made on depicted dorsal thoracic
region of rats under aseptic conditions and was
observed throughout the study. The areas of the
wounds were measured (in mm2
) immediately by
placing a transparent polythene graph paper over
the wound and then tracing the area of the wound
on it (approximate area 500 mm2
). This was taken
as the initial wound area reading.[13]
The rats are categorized into seven groups (n = 6).
The animal of Group I was treated as control and
only ointment base applied topically. The animals
of Groups II, III and IV were treated with ointment
of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol leaf
extract of P. indica, and Groups V, VI and VII
were treated with the ointment of petroleum ether,
chloroform, and ethanol roots extract of P. indica.
All the samples were applied topically once daily
for 16 days, starting from the day of wounding.
The observations of percentage wound closure
were made on 4th
, 8th
, 12th
, and 16th
, post-
wounding days. The wound area of each animal
was measured using tracing paper method. The
percentage of wound contraction was calculated
from the days of measurements of wound area.
Wound contraction
The wound contraction was calculated as
percentage reduction in wound area with respect
to initial wound area, while the epithelization time
was noted as the number of days after wounding
3. Prasad, et al.: Wound Healing activity of Leaves roots of Pavetta Indica Linn of by using different extracts
IJPBA/Apr-Jun-2018/Vol 9/Issue 2 103
required for scar to fall off leaving no raw wound
behind.
Incision wound model
In the incision wound model, rats depilated by
removing hairs at the dorsal thoracic region before
wounding. Rats were anesthetized by diethyl ether
before incision. 6 cm long paravertebral incisions
were made through full thickness of skin on either
side of vertebral column of the rat. The wounds
were closed with interrupted sutures of 1 cm
apart.[14]
The rats are categorized into seven groups (n = 6).
The animal of Group I was treated as control and
only ointment base applied topically. The animals
of Groups II, III, and IVwere treated with ointment
of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol leaf
extract of P. indica, and Groups V, VI, and VII
were treated with ointment of petroleum ether,
chloroform, and ethanol root extracts of P. indica.
All the samples were applied topically once daily
for 10 days, starting from the day of wounding.
The sutures were removed on 8th
post-wounding
day. The tensile strength of wounds was measured
on the 10th
day following continuous water flow
technique.
Tensile strength in incision wound model
The tensile strength was calculated in incision
wound model. On the 10th
day, the rats were again
anesthetized and each rat is placed on a stack of
paper towel on the middle of the board.The amount
of the towel could be adjusted in such a way so
that the wound is on the same level of tips of the
arms. The clamps are then carefully clamped on
the skin of the opposite side of the skin of wound
Table 1: Percentage wound contraction in excision wound model
Area of wound closure (mm2
±SEM)
Groups (n) 4th
day 8th
day 12th
day 16th
day Epithelization period (days)
I 228.20±0.92
(52.60%)
168.88±0.98
(64.28%)
120.93±1.08
(76.40%)
68.60±1.12
(84.53%)
24
II 224.17±0.92
(55.16%)
160.88±0.92
(67.82%)
102.93±0.88
(79.41%)
59.61±1.13
(88.07%)
22
III 166.86±1.42*
(65.84%)
74.16±1.08*
(82.14%)
28.28±0.87*
(92.50%)
13.03±0.86*
(96.60%)
18
IV 165.76±1.40*
(66.84%)
74.36±0.98*
(85.12%)
27.33±0.87*
(94.53%)
11.03±0.68*
(97.79%)
17
V 206.97±1.51*
(58.60%)
113.80±0.89*
(77.23%)
53.93±1.30*
(89.21%)
22.14±0.75*
(95.57%)
20
VI 160.80±1.24*
(69.94%)
71.16±1.28*
(86.45%)
24.18±0.78*
(95.60%)
10.12±1.06*
(97.64%)
17
VII 150.26±1.20*
(68.84%)
40.26±1.28*
(88.12%)
10.58±0.85*
(94.53%)
00.00±00.00
(100%)
16
#Initial wound area approx. 500 mm2
. ≈ n=6 animals in each groups. ≠Result expressed as mean area±SEM. *P≤0.01 indicates significant when compared with control.
ΨFigure in parenthesis indicates percent wound contraction. SEM: Standard error of mean
Figure 1: Excision wound healing (% wound contraction)
4. Prasad, et al.: Wound Healing activity of Leaves roots of Pavetta Indica Linn of by using different extracts
IJPBA/Apr-Jun-2018/Vol 9/Issue 2 104
at a distance of 0.5 cm away from the wound. The
longer pieces of the fishing line are placed on the
pulley and finally to the polyethylene bottle, and
the position of the board is adjusted so that the
bottle receives a rapid and constant rate of water
from the large reservoir until the wound began to
open. The amount of water in polyethylene bag is
weighted and considered as tensile strength of the
wound.[15]
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The studies on excision wound healing model
reveal that all the seven groups showed decreased
wound area from day to day. There was noticeable
homogeneity in the wound contraction observed
for animals in the experimental groups compared
with the control group. However, on the 16th
post-
wounding day, animals of control group showed
84.53% of healing (which may be due to self-
immunity of the animals), whereas ointment of
chloroform and ethanol leaf extract of P. indica-
treated group (III and IV) showed 96.60% and
97.79% healing. On the other hand, ointment of
chloroform and ethanol root extract of P. indica-
treated group (VI and VII) showed 97.64% and
100% of wound healing. The end scar formed
was a fine linear white scar that was visible on
the flank of the animals. All readings are found
to be statistically significant and comparable with
control [Table 1 and Figure 1].
In incision wound model, leaf and root extract’s
ointment-treated group of both P. indica showed
better tensile strength when compared with control
group. P. indica ethanol extract’s ointment-treated
group showed better result [Table 2 and Figure 2].
CONCLUSION
The result of the present study showed that the
wound healing activity of P. indica extracts for
both excision and incision wound. All types of
extractsofbothpartleavesandrootsexertedwound
healing activity, but root extracts (petroleum ether,
chloroform, and methanol) of P. indica show a
significant activity as compared to all leaf extract.
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