Slideshow is from the University of Michigan Medical
School's M1 Immunology sequence
View additional course materials on Open.Michigan:
openmi.ch/med-M1Immunology
This document discusses complement system activation and its role in hemocompatibility testing. It provides background on the complement system and how activation can lead to infusion hypersensitivity reactions. The document recommends that all intravenously administered drugs be tested for direct complement activation as a risk factor for infusion hypersensitivity reactions. It outlines methods for measuring complement system activation in vitro using human sera and in animal models to test hemocompatibility of medical devices, nanomedicines, and biological therapies.
The role of complement system in acute inflamationmohammed Omer
The complement system plays an important role in the innate immune system and acute inflammation. It is made up of plasma proteins that are activated by proteolysis to form an enzymatic cascade. This cascade results in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) which inserts into pathogen cell membranes, lysing the cells. Complement proteins also opsonize pathogens to promote more efficient phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages. Acute inflammation is a short-term protective response involving immune cells and proteins that works to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury.
1. The document discusses designing drugs to avoid toxicity. It focuses on common safety risks like toxicity associated with the liver, cardiovascular toxicity, genotoxicity, and idiosyncratic toxicity.
2. It describes the safety window and importance of the therapeutic index. The therapeutic index is the ratio of no observable adverse effect level to the human efficacious exposure level.
3. It examines common structural alerts for toxicity risks, including those associated with the liver. Cytochrome P450 inhibition is discussed as the most common liver toxicity. Alkynes and thiophenes are highlighted as structures that can form reactive intermediates leading to toxicity.
This document provides an overview of using gene expression profiling to evaluate drug metabolism-induced toxicity. It discusses how drug metabolism can lead to toxicity and the need to systematically evaluate this in pre-clinical studies. It then describes using Qiagen's RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays, which allow profiling of 84 drug metabolizing enzyme genes, to detect abnormalities in drug metabolism and identify mechanisms of toxicity using human hepatocytes treated with different compounds as an example application. The results showed induction and inhibition of various metabolizing enzyme genes in response to the compounds tested.
1. The complement system consists of over 20 proteins that interact to promote inflammation and cell injury. It has three activation pathways: classical, lectin-binding, and alternative.
2. Complement activation results in the formation of C3 and C5 convertases that generate inflammatory anaphylatoxins like C3a and C5a, and opsonins like C3b that promote phagocytosis.
3. The membrane attack complex forms from C5b, C6, C7, C8 and multiple C9 molecules, causing pores in cell membranes and lysing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. This is a major effector mechanism of innate immunity.
Metabolism of drugs can sometimes produce toxic reactions through reactive intermediates, especially at high doses that overwhelm detoxification pathways. Acetaminophen is normally safely metabolized but an overdose can cause hepatotoxicity by depleting glutathione reserves. Administering N-acetylcysteine within 16 hours of overdose can prevent liver damage. Individual differences in drug metabolism due to genetic and non-genetic factors affect dosing needs and toxicity risks. Careful consideration of these factors is clinically relevant for safe drug use.
The complement system is part of the innate immune system and consists of over 30 proteins. It was originally identified in the 1890s by Jules Bordet and Paul Ehrlich as a heat-labile component of serum that enhanced the ability of antibodies to kill bacteria. There are three complement activation pathways: the classical pathway which is initiated by antibody-antigen complexes, the lectin pathway which is activated by mannose-binding lectin, and the alternative pathway which is spontaneously activated by microbial surfaces. Complement activation results in opsonization, inflammation, and formation of the membrane attack complex to kill microbes. Deficiencies in specific complement components can increase susceptibility to certain infections.
Seminar on complementary and alternative system of medicinePranay Shelokar
heoo guys once again her i present you the Seminar on complementary and alternative system of medicine it is benn comes under the advance nursing practice i hope it will help for u
This document discusses complement system activation and its role in hemocompatibility testing. It provides background on the complement system and how activation can lead to infusion hypersensitivity reactions. The document recommends that all intravenously administered drugs be tested for direct complement activation as a risk factor for infusion hypersensitivity reactions. It outlines methods for measuring complement system activation in vitro using human sera and in animal models to test hemocompatibility of medical devices, nanomedicines, and biological therapies.
The role of complement system in acute inflamationmohammed Omer
The complement system plays an important role in the innate immune system and acute inflammation. It is made up of plasma proteins that are activated by proteolysis to form an enzymatic cascade. This cascade results in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) which inserts into pathogen cell membranes, lysing the cells. Complement proteins also opsonize pathogens to promote more efficient phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages. Acute inflammation is a short-term protective response involving immune cells and proteins that works to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury.
1. The document discusses designing drugs to avoid toxicity. It focuses on common safety risks like toxicity associated with the liver, cardiovascular toxicity, genotoxicity, and idiosyncratic toxicity.
2. It describes the safety window and importance of the therapeutic index. The therapeutic index is the ratio of no observable adverse effect level to the human efficacious exposure level.
3. It examines common structural alerts for toxicity risks, including those associated with the liver. Cytochrome P450 inhibition is discussed as the most common liver toxicity. Alkynes and thiophenes are highlighted as structures that can form reactive intermediates leading to toxicity.
This document provides an overview of using gene expression profiling to evaluate drug metabolism-induced toxicity. It discusses how drug metabolism can lead to toxicity and the need to systematically evaluate this in pre-clinical studies. It then describes using Qiagen's RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays, which allow profiling of 84 drug metabolizing enzyme genes, to detect abnormalities in drug metabolism and identify mechanisms of toxicity using human hepatocytes treated with different compounds as an example application. The results showed induction and inhibition of various metabolizing enzyme genes in response to the compounds tested.
1. The complement system consists of over 20 proteins that interact to promote inflammation and cell injury. It has three activation pathways: classical, lectin-binding, and alternative.
2. Complement activation results in the formation of C3 and C5 convertases that generate inflammatory anaphylatoxins like C3a and C5a, and opsonins like C3b that promote phagocytosis.
3. The membrane attack complex forms from C5b, C6, C7, C8 and multiple C9 molecules, causing pores in cell membranes and lysing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. This is a major effector mechanism of innate immunity.
Metabolism of drugs can sometimes produce toxic reactions through reactive intermediates, especially at high doses that overwhelm detoxification pathways. Acetaminophen is normally safely metabolized but an overdose can cause hepatotoxicity by depleting glutathione reserves. Administering N-acetylcysteine within 16 hours of overdose can prevent liver damage. Individual differences in drug metabolism due to genetic and non-genetic factors affect dosing needs and toxicity risks. Careful consideration of these factors is clinically relevant for safe drug use.
The complement system is part of the innate immune system and consists of over 30 proteins. It was originally identified in the 1890s by Jules Bordet and Paul Ehrlich as a heat-labile component of serum that enhanced the ability of antibodies to kill bacteria. There are three complement activation pathways: the classical pathway which is initiated by antibody-antigen complexes, the lectin pathway which is activated by mannose-binding lectin, and the alternative pathway which is spontaneously activated by microbial surfaces. Complement activation results in opsonization, inflammation, and formation of the membrane attack complex to kill microbes. Deficiencies in specific complement components can increase susceptibility to certain infections.
Seminar on complementary and alternative system of medicinePranay Shelokar
heoo guys once again her i present you the Seminar on complementary and alternative system of medicine it is benn comes under the advance nursing practice i hope it will help for u
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Jim Holliman, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Alterations in Body Temperature: The Adult Patient with a Fever- Reside...Open.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Rapid Sequence Intubation & Emergency Airway Support in the Pediatric E...Open.Michigan
This is a lecture by Michele Nypaver, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This document provides an overview of ocular emergencies. It begins with an introduction to the Project: Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative and author information. The bulk of the document consists of slides reviewing various eye conditions and emergencies, including styes, chalazions, conjunctivitis, iritis, orbital cellulitis, subconjunctival hemorrhages, and scleritis. Treatment approaches are provided for many of the conditions. The document concludes with a discussion of the eye examination approach and areas to be reviewed.
GEMC- Disorders of the Pleura, Mediastinum, and Chest Wall- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This document provides an overview of disorders of the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall. It discusses several topics in 1-3 sentences each, including costochondritis (inflammation of the costal cartilages), mediastinitis (infection of the mediastinum), mediastinal masses, pneumothorax (air in the pleural space), and catamenial pneumothorax (recurrent pneumothorax associated with menstruation). The document aims to enhance understanding of the major clinical disorders commonly encountered in emergency medicine involving the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall.
GEMC- Dental Emergencies and Common Dental Blocks- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Arthritis and Arthrocentesis- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Bursitis, Tendonitis, Fibromyalgia, and RSD- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Right Upper Quadrant Ultrasound- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Jeff Holmes from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
The document summarizes cardiovascular topics including pericardial tamponade, pericarditis, infective endocarditis, hypertension, tumors, and valvular disorders. It provides details on the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnostic studies, and management of these conditions. The document also includes bonus sections on cardiac transplant patients, pacemakers and ICDs, and EKG morphology.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC: Nursing Process and Linkage between Theory and PracticeOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Jeremy Lapham from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
2014 gemc-nursing-lapham-general survey and patient care managementOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Dr. Jeremy Lapham from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This document discusses the evaluation and management of patients with kidney failure presenting to the emergency department. It covers causes of acute kidney injury including pre-renal, intra-renal and post-renal failure. It also discusses evaluation of kidney function, risks of intravenous contrast, dialysis indications and complications in chronic kidney disease patients including infection, cardiovascular issues and electrolyte abnormalities. Special considerations are outlined for resuscitating, evaluating and treating kidney failure patients in the emergency setting.
GEMC: The Role of Radiography in the Initial Evaluation of C-Spine TraumaOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Hartsell from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Dr. Jim Holliman from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Jim Holliman, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Alterations in Body Temperature: The Adult Patient with a Fever- Reside...Open.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Rapid Sequence Intubation & Emergency Airway Support in the Pediatric E...Open.Michigan
This is a lecture by Michele Nypaver, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This document provides an overview of ocular emergencies. It begins with an introduction to the Project: Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative and author information. The bulk of the document consists of slides reviewing various eye conditions and emergencies, including styes, chalazions, conjunctivitis, iritis, orbital cellulitis, subconjunctival hemorrhages, and scleritis. Treatment approaches are provided for many of the conditions. The document concludes with a discussion of the eye examination approach and areas to be reviewed.
GEMC- Disorders of the Pleura, Mediastinum, and Chest Wall- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This document provides an overview of disorders of the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall. It discusses several topics in 1-3 sentences each, including costochondritis (inflammation of the costal cartilages), mediastinitis (infection of the mediastinum), mediastinal masses, pneumothorax (air in the pleural space), and catamenial pneumothorax (recurrent pneumothorax associated with menstruation). The document aims to enhance understanding of the major clinical disorders commonly encountered in emergency medicine involving the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall.
GEMC- Dental Emergencies and Common Dental Blocks- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Arthritis and Arthrocentesis- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Bursitis, Tendonitis, Fibromyalgia, and RSD- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC- Right Upper Quadrant Ultrasound- Resident TrainingOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Jeff Holmes from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
The document summarizes cardiovascular topics including pericardial tamponade, pericarditis, infective endocarditis, hypertension, tumors, and valvular disorders. It provides details on the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnostic studies, and management of these conditions. The document also includes bonus sections on cardiac transplant patients, pacemakers and ICDs, and EKG morphology.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Joe Lex, MD from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
GEMC: Nursing Process and Linkage between Theory and PracticeOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Jeremy Lapham from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
2014 gemc-nursing-lapham-general survey and patient care managementOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Dr. Jeremy Lapham from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This document discusses the evaluation and management of patients with kidney failure presenting to the emergency department. It covers causes of acute kidney injury including pre-renal, intra-renal and post-renal failure. It also discusses evaluation of kidney function, risks of intravenous contrast, dialysis indications and complications in chronic kidney disease patients including infection, cardiovascular issues and electrolyte abnormalities. Special considerations are outlined for resuscitating, evaluating and treating kidney failure patients in the emergency setting.
GEMC: The Role of Radiography in the Initial Evaluation of C-Spine TraumaOpen.Michigan
This is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Hartsell from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Dr. Jim Holliman from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...Fwdays
We will talk about system monitoring from a few different angles. We will start by covering the basics, then discuss SLOs, how to define them, and why understanding the business well is crucial for success in this exercise.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMsSease
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
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02.10.09(a): Self-Study: The Complement System in Human Disease
1. Attribution: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Microbiology and
Immunology
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3. The Complement System in
Human Disease
M1 – Immunology Sequence
Joseph Fantone, MD
Winter 2009
4. THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEM IN
HUMAN DISEASE
I. LEARNING OUTCOMES: To Understand the
• role of complement in inflammation and the effects
of specific complement deficiencies on patients.
• mechanisms by which the complement system is
activated and regulated.
• effector molecules of complement activation and
their biologic function.
• role of complement in bacterial clearance and lysis.
• use of plasma CH50 levels in the assessment of
disease processes.
5. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM
• The learning outcomes for this topic will be
attained by viewing a self-directed learning
module supplemented by the syllabus.
http://www.umich.edu/~projbnb/imm/complement.swf
• It is expected that the student will view the
video prior to the lecture presentation on
phagocytic cells (2/10: 9-10:00am).
• Any questions will be addressed by Dr.
Fantone prior to and after the Phagocytic Cell
lecture
6. II. Why study the complement
system?
• Innate & Adaptive Immunity
• Infection
• Inflammation
• Cell lysis
• Immune complex disease
• Autoimmune disease
7. III. Definition: Complement consists of more
than 20 proteins present in plasma and on cell
surfaces that interact with each other to produce
biologically active inflammatory mediators that
promote cell and tissue injury
Nomenclature:
a. the first component of complement is named C1
(etc.) other components are designated by capital
letters and names: Factor B, Properidin
b. when cleaved: fragments of complement
components are designated by small letters (e.g.
C3a and C3b)
9. IV. Summary of Complement
Pathways
3 pathways for activation:
1. classical: most specific (antibody
dependent activation, binds C1)
2. lectin binding: some specificity
(mannose binding protein, binds C4)
3. alternative: most primitive (non-
specific, auto-activation of C3)
10. Complement System
Activation
Regulation Amplification
Biologic Function
U-M Department of Immunology
28. SUMMARY OF COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION
Classical
Alternative
Lectin-Binding
Pathway
Pathway
Pathway
C1q
MBP
C3
[C4b2b]
[C3bBbP]
C3 Convertase
C3a
C3b
C3b, C3bi
(opsonlzation)
anaphylatoxins
C5a
C5b
C5b-C 9
(membrane attack complex)
U-M Department of Immunology
Cell Injury
29. VII. Regulation:
• Inhibit activation: classical pathway
– C1 inhibitor (C1INA): plasma protein
• spontaneous decay (hydrolysis) of C3
convertases:
• inhibit C3 convertase:
– Plasma proteins: Factor I
– Cell membrane proteins:
- decay accelerating factor (DAF):
- membrane co-factor protein (MCP):
30. VII. Regulation
• Inactivate anaphylatoxins: cleave C3a and
C5a
– serum carboxypeptidase N (SCPN):
• Inhibit MAC:
– Protectin (CD59): cell associated protein
31. SUMMARY OF COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION
Classical Pathway
Lectin-Binding
Alternative Pathway
Pathway
C1q
MBP
C3
Hydrolysis
C1INA
DAF-cell
[C4b2b]
[C3bBbP]
C3 Convertase
Factor I
C3a
C3b
MCP-cell
SCPN
C5a
C5b
C5b-C 9
(membrane attack complex)
Protectin-cell
U-M Department of Immunology
Cell Injury
32. VIII. Complement Deficiencies:
• early components: auto-immune disease
• middle and late components: pyogenic bacterial and
nisseria infections
• most common congenital deficiency: C2
• C1INA deficiency: hereditary angioedema
• DAF deficiency: paroxysmal nocturnal
hemoglobinuria
33. IX. Clinical Laboratory Testing
A. Serum complement hemolytic activity:
CH50 (serum dilution at which 50% hemolysis
occurs)
if low = complement deficiency:
- acquired vs. congenital
- classical vs. alternative pathway defect
B. Individual Components
34. RBC + AB + SERUM
HEMOLYSIS
100
N
%
P
HEMOLYSIS
50
1/500
1/250 1/50 1/10
U-M Department of Immunology SERUM DILUTION
35. Case A: A 23yo man complains of fever
(102oF), headache, neck stiffness and fatigue of
2 days duration. Lumbar puncture shows
increased pressure with cloudy cerebrospinal
fluid containing large numbers of neutrophils,
increased protein, decreased glucose and gram
negative diplococci. Laboratory studies show
C7 (7th component of complement) levels at
18% normal and normal levels of C2, C3 and
C5. The patient recovers after institution of
intravenous antibiotic therapy.
36. Case A: Why would this patient be at increased
risk for developing bacterial meningitis?
What is the relationship among the three
pathways of complement activation and
bacterial clearance?
Would a defect in C2 alone place a patient at
increased risk of developing bacterial
meningitis? Explain.
37. Case B: A 14yo girl has a long history of
excessive swelling after mild traumatic injury.
During the past 2 years she has complained of
7 episodes of intermittent abdominal pain
sometimes accompanied with watery diarrhea.
Laboratory tests show decreased levels of C4
and normal C3 levels. C1 inhibitor levels are
20% of normal.
38. What pathologic changes would explain this
patients symptoms?
What is the effect of defective C1 inhibitor
levels on complement system regulation?
What other inflammatory mediator systems
are effected by C1 inhibitor?
Why are these patients not at significant risk
for bacterial infection?
39. Complement Cases
Case A:
Diagnosis: acute bacterial meningitis secondary to deficiency of C7
All three pathways can be activated and the bacteria can be opsonized
with C3b and its derivatives: however, the deficiency in C7 results in
an inability to assemble the membrane attack complex (MAC) and
cause target cell (bacterial) injury
Defects in the early complement components are more frequently
associated with the development of autoimmune syndromes (e.g.
systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE). This is associated with a failure
to clear immune complexes.
In C2 deficiency, the alternative complement pathway remains
functional, target cells can still be opsonized with C3b and the MAC
formed.
40. Case B:
The patient s symptoms are the result of increased vascular
permeability changes leading to soft tissue swelling and diarrhea.
In the absence of C1 inhibitor there is spontaneous activation of the
classical complement pathway with cleavage of C4 and C2. Since there
is no target cell surface for complement binding, C3 cleavage does not
occur to any significant degree and if some C3b is formed, it undergoes
spontaneous hydrolysis –
The C2a and its subsequent products can cause vascular permeability
changes. Also, C1 inhibitor interacts with the kallikrien-kinin mediator
system. A deficiency in this inhibitor also results in increased kinin
formation (e.g. bradykinin), which also promotes vascular permeability
changes.
These patients (even if C2 and C4 are depleted) have an intact
alternative complement pathway.
42. Additional Source Information
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