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Learning from the groundwater
recharge movement in Gujarat,
            India

             Frank van Weert
                 NCWRM
          14-15 Sept 2011, Athens
International Groundwater
Resources Assessment Centre

•   Since 2003
•   Under auspices of WMO/UNESCO
•   Funded and based in NL
•   Various topics: also MAR
•   www.un-igrac.org
A people’s movement
Norms and rules
•   Direct pumping ban
•   Disencouragement of high water use
•   Maintenance of structures
•   All loosely enforced and based on
    social pressure and internal norms
The Success
Groundwater balance Kodinar reference case scenario

                                                                                                                   210,0
                         100,0
water balance mm/month




                          50,0                                                                                     160,0

                                                                                                                           rivers
                            0,0
                                                                                                                   110,0   Q




                                                                                    g
                                                                             l
                                                        r
                                     n




                                                                    n




                                                                                          p




                                                                                                        v

                                                                                                               c
                                            b




                                                            ay
                                                ar




                                                                                                 t
                                                                          ju
                                                     ap




                                                                                              oc
                                                                                 au

                                                                                        se




                                                                                                     no

                                                                                                            de
                                  ja




                                                                 ju
                                         fe


                                                                                                                           NR
                                                m




                                                            m
                          -50,0
                                                                                                                   60,0    AR

                         -100,0                                                                                            Total

                                                                                                                   10,0
                         -150,0

                         -200,0                                                                                    -40,0
                                                                        month
4200,0




                           4000,0




                           3800,0
TDS concentration (mg/l)




                                                                                                             Scn1
                           3600,0                                                                            Scn2
                                                                                                             Scn6
                                                                                                             Scn7

                           3400,0




                           3200,0




                           3000,0
                                2005   2010   2015   2020   2025   2030   2035   2040   2045   2050   2055
Why successful
•   Spiritual motivation
•   externality
•   Self-organized
•   Increasing complexity
•   Now rationalist, economist approach
•   Motivation for demand management
Flaws
•   Hardly science
•   Costs
•   Disincentives and perverse incentives
•   Water governance
Thanks

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006b NCWRM 2011 vanWeert_IGRAC

  • 1. Learning from the groundwater recharge movement in Gujarat, India Frank van Weert NCWRM 14-15 Sept 2011, Athens
  • 2. International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre • Since 2003 • Under auspices of WMO/UNESCO • Funded and based in NL • Various topics: also MAR • www.un-igrac.org
  • 3.
  • 5.
  • 6. Norms and rules • Direct pumping ban • Disencouragement of high water use • Maintenance of structures • All loosely enforced and based on social pressure and internal norms
  • 8. Groundwater balance Kodinar reference case scenario 210,0 100,0 water balance mm/month 50,0 160,0 rivers 0,0 110,0 Q g l r n n p v c b ay ar t ju ap oc au se no de ja ju fe NR m m -50,0 60,0 AR -100,0 Total 10,0 -150,0 -200,0 -40,0 month
  • 9. 4200,0 4000,0 3800,0 TDS concentration (mg/l) Scn1 3600,0 Scn2 Scn6 Scn7 3400,0 3200,0 3000,0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055
  • 10. Why successful • Spiritual motivation • externality • Self-organized • Increasing complexity • Now rationalist, economist approach • Motivation for demand management
  • 11. Flaws • Hardly science • Costs • Disincentives and perverse incentives • Water governance