TEST BANK For Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition by Stewart C...
Therapeutic Potential of bird’s feather
1. “Therapeutic Potential of bird’s feather”
Submitted By
Silisti Karuriya
Under guidance of
Dr. Pracheta
Assistant Professor
DEPERTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Banasthali University
Rajasthan-304022
In partial fulfillment of the requirement of the degree of
Master of Science
In
Bioscience (Animal Science)
2017
2. India has great biodiversity of birds and home for many species. The birds are no exception to the
theme of diversity that pretty much defines India.
Garwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand which is located in the western Himalaya has a rich diversity of
forests and they form as Insectivorous type of groups are mostly large amount (59.40%) being
present in the environment. Second largest region cover Granivorous having (14.88%), but very
small amount of regions are covered by omnivorous (10.89 %), Frugivorous (8.91%), Carnivorous
(3.46%) and Nectivorous (2.47%).
Feathers are very complex integumentary appendages present in aves phylum of vertebrates. It is
formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, outer skin layer that produces keratin proteins. Feather is
good example of a hierarchically complex morphological innovation.
A Feather is an insoluble protein and made up of keratin. It has many structures such as calamus,
rachis, vane, barbs, barbules, barbicels, primary and secondary, tail, contour (body) down,semi
plume ,brist.
The feathers provide birds with insulation and waterproofing and stop harmful UV rays from
reaching birds' skin (Patterson et al., 1998).
4. Aim and Objective
Therapeutic Potential of bird’s feather
Search type of birds feather
To find out the Composition of different type of feathers
Therapeutic potential of bird’ s feather
5. Himalayan monal Indian Pitta Red Headed Trogon
Oriental Dwarf KingfisherSatyrTragopan Indian Peafowl
Different types of birds
(Khan et al., 1993).
6. Little Forktail, Tirthan
valley
Western Trgopan Crested Kingfisher,
Tirthan vally
Blue whisting Thrush
Western Tragopan male Western Tragopan
(Khan et al., 1993).
8. Structure of feather Internal structure of feather
Structure of feather Morphology of feather
(Lucas and Stettenheim, 1972).
9. Composition of feather
• Keratin is a durable, fibrous protein present in feather.
• In chicken’ feather proteins constitute keratin by-products have from 15 to 18%
nitrogen, 2-5% sulphur, 3.20% mineral elements and 1.27% fat and 90% of proteins.
The organic waste rich in keratin can be utilized as a natural source using chemical and
mechanical methods.
• Peacock feather’ composition - melanin pigment , copper, manganese, iron metals
(Goddard and Michaelis 1934).
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Mineral
Fat
Figure- Composition of feather
(Woodin, 1954).
10. S. No. Name of
bird
Composition Application Reference
1. Chicken 15-18% nitrogen
2-5% sulphur
3-20% mineral
element
1.27% fat
90% protein
Development of protein fibers
and 2Dand 3D scaffolds for
tissue engineering
(Xu et al., 2014) (Rouse and
Dyke, 2010)
Keratin film for drug delivery
system
(Poole et al., 2009) (Yin et al.,
2013)
Regenerated fibers (Xu et al., 2014)
Micro and Nanoparticles
(Sun et al., 2009)
Nanoparticle for medical
application (Xu et al., 2014)
Graphene oxide and its
derivative in biomaterials
Amieva et al., 2014)
As a diet supplement for
feeding ruminants
(Kelly et al., 2006) (Dalev,
1994) (Dalev 1 996) (Dalev et
al., 1997
As a microporous material
used as electrode material
(Zhan and Wool, 2011)
Thermoplastic films for
packaging of food
(Reddy et al., 2013) (Jin et al.,
2011)
Waste managment using
microorganisms in
degradation
Tonkova et al., 2009) (Syed et
al., 2009) (Grazziotin et al.,
2006)
Composition of feather
11. Feather of keratin Structure of feather (rachis keratin)
Feather follicle cycling
Structure of feather fiber
(Goddard and Michaels 1934).
12. Therapeutic potential’
Application
Therapeutic application of feather
To remove weakness
and
generate good sexual
health
Morning sickness
or illnesses
To relief in
vomiting
Cure for
morning
sickness.
To relief in
Hiccups
Cure the
asthma disease
(Prakarana and samita, 1966).
13. S.
No.
Feather
of Birds
Composition Application of feather Reference
1. Peacock Ash of feather Cure for morning sickness. ( Lakshmipatishastri, 2004).
Ash of feather To relief in Hiccups, Cough ( Lakshmipatishastri, 2004).
Lakshmipatishastri, 2004).Ash of feather To relief in vomiting
Ash of feather Morning sickness or illnesses
Ash of feather +
coconut oil
Used for headaches ( Lakshmipatishastri, 2004).
Ash of feather +
honey
Cure the asthma disease, Respiratory
disease
(Prakarana and samita, 1966).
Ash of feather +
honey
To remove weakness and generate
good sexual health
Sun et al., 2009)
2 Chicken Feather Petrochemical (Sun et al., 2009)
feather Applicable in chemistry (Xu et al., 2014)
Feather Pharmaceutical industies (Xu et al., 2014)
Feather Tissue engineering (Zhan and Wool, 2011)
List of uses of feather
14. S
.No
.
Feather
of Birds
Composition Application of feather Reference
2. Chicken
chicken
feather
90% protein+
amino acids.
Chicken
feather
keratin+
dissoloved by
Na2S (Sodium
sulfide)
Amino acid+
peptide
Hollow
structure
+ alpha helix
Animal feed (Reddy et al., 2013)
Biocomposites (Grazziotin et al., 2006)
Industry application (Sun et al., 2009)
Potent antioxidant activity (Prakarana and samita, 1966).
Anticancer activities
Petrochemicals and pharmaceutical
industries
( Lakshmipatishastri, 2004).
Tissue engineering
Controlled drug release
(Yin et al., 2013)
Feedstock, Animal feed (Zhan and Wool, 2011)
Building uniform microporous material
use in Electode material as
ecofriendly
(Zhan and Wool, 2011)
15. • It is specifically effective in treating lungs disease like asthma.
• Water extract of peacock’s feathers (PCF) opposes the local tissue damage caused by snakebite. In
snake’s venom, mostly phospholipase A2 enzymes activity is present, and PCF helps in inhibiting this
activity. Feather of ash + sesame oil - Fractures and joint legs
• In snake’s venoms, mostly 2 enzymes are present which are hyaluronidase and Protease enzymes.
They are responsible for local tissue damage. Ash of peacock’s feather has therapeutic application
against venom toxicity of snake bites.
• potent antioxidant and anticancer activities.
• Chicken feather – Potential source of inexpensive ecofriendly and commercial biomaterial.
• Application-
• 1.Green chemistry
• 2.Food science
• 3.Pharmaceutical
• 4. Cosmetic industries
• 5.Fertilizers
• 6. Biomedical application.
• Chicken feather extracted keratin for the formation of fabricated keratin films Were used in
controlled drug delivery systems .
• Feather keratin is one of the potential source for regenerated fibers.
• Thermoplastic films for packaging of food use in leather tanning
• Geese’ s downy feathers – High grade material in both clothing and bedding.
Therapeutic Application of bird’s feather
Peacock’ feather
( Prakarana,1966).
17. 1.chicken feather hydrolyzate made by Bacillus licheniformis keratinase have iron-
oxide magnetic nanoparticles.
2.The oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles coupled with β-keratinase can decompose
at 80–93% of chicken-feather keratin post 48 hours of incubation study using a
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
3. It is one of the best eco-friendly organic fertilization processes. Chicken feathers
provide nitrogen and high amino acid levels indicating that they are good hydrolyzate
and hence is a good organic fertilizer source
Production of liquid nitrogen fertilizer from the
degradation of chicken feather
Production of liquid nitrogen fertilizer from the degradation of chicken feather
(Mukherjee et al., 2011).
18. Conclusion & Future Prospective
Feathers are highly rich in keratin. They are powerful, but chicken feathers are lightweight among others. Chicken
feathers show outstanding thermal insulators as well as having good water repellent and sound absorbing qualities.
First successful prototypes was a water-repellant powder coating that could be applied to a range of materials.
Biodegradation of Keratin from Chicken Feathers by Fungal Species is an example of sustainable development.
Derived thermal insulation blocks, which joined standard insulation materials with processed feathers. Those blocks
performed really well and their costs were also low since. The future of thermal insulation will be a whole lot more
than just feathery.
Feathers are also used in rendering. Rendering is an energy intensive process, involving feathers being steam-cooked
and made into a low-grade animal feed.
It is promoting a responsible future where our urban environment will be built from sustainable and
environmentally friendly materials. The main aim of the aeropower is to develop the sustainable function materials
from the feathers. Aeropower is used on daily basis, thereby placing an increasing strain on the environment
through the making and disposal of materials and products. Therefore it could be very beneficial for us if we them
to produre medicine that could be affordable and without
Any side affects.
19. Acknowlegements
I am extremely thankful and take the opportunity to express my deepest regards to Prof. Vinay Sharma, Head of the
Department of bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, for creation of all necessary conditions conductive
to the initiation and completion of my report.
With my overwhelming sense of pride and gratitude, I seize the jubilant occasion to express my heartful gratitude and
regards to my supervisor Dr. Pracheta, Assistant professor, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali
University for her highly knowledgeable guidance, painstaking, tireless inspiration and affectionate attitude during the
entire period of work. Without her guidance and vision completion of my work would not have been possible.
I pay gratitude and reverence to my respected to my respected parents without their blessings this
achivement would be incomplete.
I also extend my thanks to my friends who have been supportive and encouraging through out the
completion of my work.
Above all I thank almighty God who showered his blessings upon me and helped n successful
completion of my work.
