Willam Stalling Chapter Slides of Computer system architecture by Willam Stalling

1. William Stallings
Computer Organization
and Architecture
Chapter 1
Introduction

2. Architecture & Organization 1
„ Architecture is those attributes visible to the
programmer
ƒ Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
ƒ e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
„ Organization is how features are implemented
ƒ Control signals, interfaces, memory technology.
ƒ e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by
repeated addition?

3. Architecture & Organization 2
„ All Intel x86 family share the same basic
architecture
„ The IBM System/370 family share the same
basic architecture
„ This gives code compatibility
ƒ At least backwards
„ Organization differs between different versions

4. Structure & Function
„ Structure is the way in which components relate
to each other
„ Function is the operation of individual
components as part of the structure

5. Function
„ All computer functions are:
ƒ Data processing
ƒ Data storage
ƒ Data movement
ƒ Control

6. Functional view
„ Functional view of a computer
Data
Storage
Facility
Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus
Data
Processing
Facility

7. Operations (1)
„ Data movement
ƒ e.g. keyboard to screen
Data
Storage
Facility
Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus
Data
Processing
Facility

8. Operations (2)
„ Storage
ƒ e.g. Internet download to disk
Data
Storage
Facility
Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus
Data
Processing
Facility

9. Operation (3)
„ Processing from/to storage
ƒ e.g. updating bank statement
Data
Storage
Facility
Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus
Data
Processing
Facility

10. Operation (4)
„ Processing from storage to I/O
ƒ e.g. printing a bank statement
Data
Storage
Facility
Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus
Data
Processing
Facility

11. Structure - Top Level
Peripherals Computer
Central Main
Processing Memory
Unit
Computer
Systems
Interconnection
Input
Output
Communication
lines

12. Structure - The CPU
CPU
Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
I/O Login Unit
System CPU
Bus
Internal CPU
Memory Interconnection
Control
Unit

13. Structure - The Control Unit
Control Unit
CPU
Sequencing
ALU Login
Control
Internal
Unit
Bus
Control Unit
Registers Registers and
Decoders
Control
Memory

14. Outline of the Book (1)
„ Computer Evolution and Performance
„ Computer Interconnection Structures
„ Internal Memory
„ External Memory
„ Input/Output
„ Operating Systems Support
„ Computer Arithmetic
„ Instruction Sets

15. Outline of the Book (2 )
„ CPU Structure and Function
„ Reduced Instruction Set Computers
„ Superscalar Processors
„ Control Unit Operation
„ Microprogrammed Control
„ Multiprocessors and Vector Processing
„ Digital Logic (Appendix)

16. Internet Resources
- Web site for book
„ http://www.shore.net/~ws/COA5e.html
ƒ links to sites of interest
ƒ links to sites for courses that use the book
ƒ errata list for book
ƒ information on other books by W. Stallings

17. Internet Resources
- Web sites to look for
„ WWW Computer Architecture Home Page
„ CPU Info Center
„ ACM Special Interest Group on Computer
Architecture
„ IEEE Technical Committee on Computer
Architecture
„ Intel Technology Journal
„ Manufacturer’s sites
ƒ Intel, IBM, etc.

18. Internet Resources
- Usenet News Groups
„ comp.arch
„ comp.arch.arithmetic
„ comp.arch.storage