there are several methods available for desulphurization but adsorption method is best method. because clay contains highest adsorption capacity and we get 0.05% of sulphur in the kerosene oil.

1. {
Desulphurization of
Kerosene
Presented By:-
Shivani Lonare

2.  Introduction
 Forms in which sulphur occurs
 Detection of Sulphur & its compund
 Methods of Desulphurization surveyed
 Experiment
 Result
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 Reference
Index

3.  The term kerosene is derived from the Greek
word keros.
 Sulphur is present as an impurity in liquid
fuel such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, crude oil.
 Sulphur causes environmental pollution if
present in the liquid fuels.
 Sulphur removal from fuels has become a very
important and active subject worldwide in
past decade
INTRODUCTION
 Kerosene, one of the byproducts of petroleum
was discovered in 1853 by Abraham Gesner.

4. 1. Free Sulphur
 The free sulphur is elemental sulphur dissolved in a
crude oil.
2. Hydrogen Sulphide
 Hydrogen sulphide is produced by the decay of organic
matter, particularly under anaerobic conditions, and it is
a frequent constituent of volcanic gases & occurs
dissolved in water.
3. Organic Sulphur Compounds
 It is very difficult to separate from crude petroleum, any
of its constituent hydrocarbon in pure form.
Forms In Which Sulphur Occurs

5. 1. Copper Test
 Free sulphur, hydrogen sulphide, and perhaps other sulphur
compounds, in oils can be detected by the formation of a dark
spot of copper sulphide when two or three drops of the oil are
left on the polished metal for a sufficient length of time.
2. Sodium Test
 If the oil is not too volatile, but can be heated to 250 to 300⁰C
without boiling out of the test tube, the sodium test can be
applied.
Detection of Sulphur and its
Compound

6. 1. Adsorptive Desulfurization Of Kerosene By Zn
Impregnated Montmorollonite Clay Desulfurization of kerosene
has been carried out by selective adsorption through metals
impregnated montmorollonite clay (MMT).
2. Oxidative Desulfurization Of Kerosene In The Presence Of
Iron Chloride Ionic Liquid Catalyst And Ultra Sound- Oxidative
Desulfurization of kerosene refinery with sulfur content of 293%
with iron chloride - hydrogen peroxide and ultra sonic liquid
catalysts in the presence of acetic acid - formic acid and an
oxidizing hydrogen peroxide has been studied.
Methods of Desulphurization
Surveyed

7. 3. Desulphurization By Adsorption
• Sulphur causes environmental pollution if present in the liquid
fuels.
• Adsorption is a low cost and important physical process for the
removal of sulphur from liquid fuel.
• Adsorption is a process of accumulation of one substance over
another. It occurs between liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, gas-solid, or
liquid solid interface.
• Typical liquid separation includes the removal moisture
dissolved in gasoline decolourization of petroleum products and
fractionations of mixtures of aromatic and paraffinic
hydrocarbons.

8. 1. Materials:- Kerosene & bentonite clay or
montmorollonite clay.
2. Equipments:- Filter Paper, Measuring cylinder, conical
flask, Beaker, stirrer, Muffle furnace.
3. Method:- Adsorption by montmorollonite clay
 Acid Modification of clay
 Preparation of adsorbent
 Desulfurization of kerosene
Expeiment

9. Fig:- Bentonite clay

10.  In the current study desulfurization of the
kerosene was carried out using metals
impregnated montmorollonite clay.
 The kerosene contains 0.0542% of sulphur.
Result

11.  Advantages
 Easy Handling
 Use of less expensive reagents
 Produce environmentally friendly fuels
 Disadvantages
 Take too much time for process
Advantages & Disadvantages

12.  From the above study we conclude that,
 Montmorollonite clay is locally available, can be
efficiently used for adsorptive desulfurization.
 Metals impregnation on MMT clay increases its
adsorption characteristics.
 Metal impregnated MMT has more high
desulfurization efficiency than the original MMT.
Conclusion

13. Thank you