GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH & HYGIENE IN COVID 19 PANDEMIC

1. Dr. C.SHEELA SASIKUMAR
HEAD - CLINICAL RESEARCH
HYCARE SUPER SPECIALITY HOSPITAL
CHENNAI
Mob: 9283143681
E mail: sheelsasic@yahoo.co.in

3. Researcher ID: I-8326-2014
http://orcid.org/0000-00023633-3486
www.researchgate.net › profile › Changam_Sheela_Sasikumar
linkedin.com › dr-c-sheela-sasikumar-92989a54
https://www.slideshare.net/sheelasasikumar

4. COVID 19
 Rapidly affected our day to day life –Health, Social, economy
 Demobilized the global economy
 World trade is expected to fall by between 13% and 32% in 2020
 Social distancing, Self isolation and travel restrictions caused a decrease in work force
loss of jobs
 Loss of lives –irrevocable damage to society
 https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm

5.  "The unavoidable declines in trade and output will have painful consequences for
households and businesses, on top of the human suffering caused by the disease
itself.”
 Pandemic has stressed healthcare infrastructure of the most developed countries and
projected to cause incomparable economic depression.
 Increasing demand on health facilities and health care workers threatens to leave
some health systems overstretched and unable to operate effectively
 Spreading rapidly, it is important to take a note of the approaches that can help
prevent and fight infections.

7. Transmission
Droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes containing the virus are the
main means of transmission.
 2 main routes
 spread to people who are nearby (within 2 metres) such that droplets could be inhaled
into the lungs.
 by touching a surface, object or the hand of an infected person
 regular hand hygiene and cleaning of frequently touched surfaces will help to reduce the
risk of infection.

8. Signs and symptoms of COVID-19
 dry cough
 sore throat
 difficulty in breathing
 tiredness
 Fever
 Respiratory failure
 Septic shock
 severe symptoms -weakened immune systems, older people,conditions like diabetes,
cancer, kidney disease and chronic lung disease.
Incubation period- 14 days

9. Sample
BSL-3 laboratory.
Upper respiratory tract
 A nasopharyngeal (NP) specimen
 An oropharyngeal (OP) specimen
 A nasal mid-turbinate swab
 An anterior nares (nasal swab)
 Nasopharyngeal wash/aspirate or nasal wash/aspirate

10. Lower respiratory tract
 Broncho alveolar lavage, tracheal aspirate, pleural fluid, lung biopsy
 Sputum
Store specimens at 2-8°C for up to 72 hours after collection
DIAGNOSIS
 ESR,WBC count ,CRP,procalcitonin
 Antibodies test-Serological testing
 Confirmation - (RT-PCR)

11. Can you boost your immune system to fight COVID?

12. HEALTHY DIET

13. Is Nutrition Concerned with Immunity?
 The WHO guidance on diet, especially during the current pandemic states
that “good nutrition is crucial for health, particularly in times when
the immune system might need to fight back” (WHO, 2020).

14.  Nutritional status, as a modifiable factor, is a key element in the functioning and
maintaining of our immune system integrity
 Immune system depends on adequate amounts of nutrients (carbohydrates +fats +
proteins+ water +vitamins +minerals).
 It is well stated that deficiency or insufficiency in nutrients, caused by inadequate
intake, reduced absorption or bioavailability require corrections to properly
maintain the immune system function.
 The European Journal of Clinical Nutrition concluded that “Without adequate
nutrition, the immune system is clearly deprived of the components needed to
generate an effective immune response”

15. NUTRITION DURING COVID PANDEMIC

16. Maintaining a healthy diet is very important during the COVID-19 pandemic.
No foods or dietary supplements can prevent COVID-19 infection
 Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
 Eat fresh and unprocessed foods every day
 Consume a diet rich in whole grains, nuts and healthy fats such as in olive,
sesame, peanut or other oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids.
 Eat at home to reduce your rate of contact with other people
 Cooking and eating together is a great way to create healthy routines, strengthen
family bonds and have fun.

17.  Eat foods rich in Vitamins and minerals especially vitamin C, A, D and Zinc as they
are immune Boosters
 Get enough Sunlight to meet the Vitamin D requirement
 Drink enough water every day - Drink 8–10 cups of water /day.
 Eat moderate amounts of fat and oil
 Avoid industrially produced trans fat
 Limit your daily salt intake to less than 5 g (approximately 1 teaspoon)
 WHO recommends eating two cups of fruits, 2.5 cups of vegetable, 180 grams of grains
and 160 grams of meat and beans.
 Lifestyle factors

18. Vitamin C
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04264533
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04335084
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04344184
Vitamin D
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04334005
Zinc
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04342728
Trials
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/who_table

19. In Kitchen
 Wash your hands thoroughly before preparing any food.
 User separate chopping boards to prepare uncooked meat and fish
.
 Cook food to the recommended temperature.
 Perishable items refrigerated or frozen
 Pay attention to product expiry dates.
 Avoid build-up of refuse which could attract pests
 Avoid placing unwashed MILK packets in the refrigerator or
pouring the milk into a vessel, without washing the packet first.
 Make sure your children and elders do the same.
 Always use clean utensils and plates.

20.  After getting fruits and vegetables …..
 Go to market at odd hrs.
 Wash your hands as soon as you reach home
 Wash fruit and vegetables, thoroughly under running water
 Do not use soap or detergent
 Remove any unnecessary packaging and dispose into a waste bin with a lid
 Use a vegetable brush to clean root vegetables
 FDA also suggests removing outer most leaves of a head of lettuce or cabbage
 After washing dry it in paper towel
 Greens can be dipped in bowl of water by adding salt

21. Promote Good Hygiene Practice

22. Wash your hands Properly
How ?
Step 1: Wet hands with running water
Step 2: Apply enough soap to cover wet hands
Step 3: Scrub all surfaces of the hands – including back of hands, between fingers and
under nails – for at least 20 seconds.
Step 4: Rinse thoroughly with running water
Step 5: Dry hands with a clean cloth or single-use towel
Time Duration 20 to 30 Seconds
 When should I?

23.  After using the toilet
 Before and after eating
 After handling garbage
 After touching animals and pets
 After changing babies’ diapers or helping children use the toilet
 When your hands are visibly dirty
In COVID 19 Pandemic
 After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing
 After visiting a public space, including public transportation, markets
 Surfaces outside home
 Before, during and after caring for a sick person
 Before and after eating

24.  Washing hands with cold or hot water with soap are equally effective
 Dry your hands -Germs spread more easily from wet skin than from dry skin
 Hand washing with soap and water and hand sanitizer are highly effective at killing most
germs and pathogens
 Using chlorinated water or hand sanitizer that contains at least 60 per cent alcohol are the
best second options if you do not have soap and running water.
Use proper sneezing and coughing etiquette:
 When coughing or sneezing cover your mouth and nose with a flexed elbow or tissue
 dispose of used tissue immediately and wash your hands
 Avoid touching your face (mouth, nose, eyes)

25. Use of face Mask-a complementary measure not a replacement
 workers use face masks properly so that they are effective and
safe.
 It should fit properly, completely covering the face from bridge
of nose to chin.
 Clean hands properly before putting the face mask on or taking it
off.
 Touch the cord or elastic at the back of the face mask when
removing it, not the front.
 Disposable be sure to do so safely in a proper container.
 Reusable, wash the face mask as soon as possible after use with
detergent at 600C.

26. Prolonged use of COVID-19-related face masks cause health
problems due to breathing in too much exhaled carbon dioxide.
 Do not use
 when you are alone
 At home
 For a long time
 use of face masks in the community could be considered-when
visiting busy, closed spaces, such as grocery stores, shopping
centers, or when using public transport, etc.
 Medical face masks must be prioritized for use as personal
protective equipment by healthcare workers.

27. How are you coping with the
stress of the COVID 19
pandemic?

28. Managing Stress in COVID 19 Pandemic
 Regular Exercise –Aerobic exercise indoor
 Walking
 Climbing Stairs
 Playing with children
 Stretching exercise
 Yoga-exercise form that helps both the body and mind -https://www.ayush.gov.in
 Step away from media if you are overwhelmed
 Take a break
 Play with puzzles
 Read book that you wish
 Reorganize your home
 Enjoy and clean

29.  Be Connected with your family members ,friends and relatives-
mobile,email,whatsapp,Skype
 To reduce stress and depression due to unwanted fear and isolation
 Get enough sleep: optimal sleep
 sleeping 7-8 hours for adults and up to 10 hours for children and teenagers are less
likely to be at risk of viral infections
 Do not overeat or eat unhealthy diet
 Emotional eating
 Discover ways to express your talent
 Writing articles in journals, blogging ,painting ,cooking

30.  Avoid Paranoia
 Distract yourself from negative emotions
 Watch TV Shows, Gardening, Quiz ,watching cartoons with children,listen to music
 Feeling angry or irritated –Calm yourself count back from 10 to 1
 Practice Mind exercise for concentration
 A good antidote to adversity is kindness and compassion.
 Keep things in perspective.

31. https://www.who.int/publications-detail/9789240003927

32. Management At Work Place

33. Simple ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in your workplace
 Make sure your workplaces are clean and hygienic -Surfaces (e.g. desks and tables)
and objects (e.g. telephones, keyboards) need to be wiped with disinfectant regularly
 Promote regular and thorough hand-washing
 Put sanitizing hand rub dispensers in prominent places.
 Display posters promoting hand-washing
 Promote good respiratory hygiene in the workplace
 Display posters
 Ensure that face masks and / or paper tissues are available
 Promote the message that people need to stay at home even if they have just mild
symptoms of COVID-19.

34.  Refrain from unnecessary travel both local and international.
 Continue routine environmental cleaning and consider additional measures
 Consider whether a face-to-face meeting or event is needed. Could it be replaced by a
teleconference or online event?
 Make sure of ventilation system
 Remind staff not to share cups, glasses dishes and cutlery
 Remove magazines and Papers in waiting room
 Clean objects that are touched frequently
 Develop a plan of what to do if someone becomes ill with suspected COVID-19
 https://www.who.int/who-documents-detail/getting-your-workplace-
ready-for-covid-19-how-covid-19-spreads

35. Minimizing Healthcare Provider Risk In Operating Room During COVID
19:TIPS & Tricks
HYCARE SUPER SPECIALITY HOSPITAL
ARUMBAKKAM
CHENNAI

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Dr Rajesh Kesavan –Hycare Super Speciality Hospital
Adjunct Therapy
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40. Thank you
Stay Healthy….Stay Safe
S.S.Health Care
Plot no.41 ,LIG 2,13th cross street
TNHB,Nolambur Phase 1
Chennai