The Divine Books

1. THE DIVINE BOOKS
THEIR CONTENT AND THE TAHRIF
Submission by Nur Sharon Mohd Zaini

2. THE DIVINE BOOKS
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬ََٰ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬َ‫ل‬َّ‫ح‬ُّ‫ص‬‫ال‬َِّ‫ف‬ََّٰ‫ى‬َ‫ل‬‫و‬ ‫أ‬‫اْل‬
َِّ‫ف‬‫ح‬‫ص‬ََّ‫يم‬ِ‫ه‬‫ا‬َ‫أر‬‫ب‬ِ‫إ‬َّ‫م‬ َ‫و‬ََّٰ‫ى‬َ‫س‬‫و‬
Al-A’la 87:18 Indeed, this is in the former scriptures,
Al-A’la 87:19 The scriptures of Abraham and Moses.
TORAH
Scriptures of Moses
ZABUR
Psalms revealed to David
INJIL
The Gospel
‫ا‬َ‫ي‬‫ا‬َ‫ه‬ُّ‫ي‬َ‫أ‬ََّ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬‫ال‬‫وا‬‫ن‬َ‫م‬‫آ‬‫وا‬‫ن‬ِ‫آم‬َِّ‫اّلل‬ِ‫ب‬َِّ‫ه‬ِ‫ل‬‫و‬‫س‬َ‫ر‬ َ‫و‬َِّ‫ب‬‫ا‬َ‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫أ‬‫ال‬ َ‫و‬‫ي‬ِ‫ذ‬‫ال‬َّ‫َز‬‫ن‬ََّ‫ل‬ََّٰ‫ى‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬َِّ‫ه‬ِ‫ل‬‫و‬‫س‬َ‫ر‬َِّ‫ب‬‫ا‬َ‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫أ‬‫ال‬ َ‫و‬‫ي‬ِ‫ذ‬‫ال‬ََّ‫ل‬َ‫نز‬َ‫أ‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬َّ‫أ‬‫ب‬َ‫ق‬َّ‫ل‬َّۚ‫ن‬َ‫م‬ َ‫و‬
َّ‫أ‬‫ر‬‫ف‬‫أ‬‫ك‬َ‫ي‬َِّ‫اّلل‬ِ‫ب‬َِّ‫ه‬ِ‫ت‬َ‫ك‬ِ‫ئ‬ َ‫َل‬َ‫م‬ َ‫و‬َِّ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬‫ت‬‫ك‬ َ‫و‬َِّ‫ه‬ِ‫ل‬‫س‬‫ر‬ َ‫و‬َِّ‫م‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬َ‫ي‬‫أ‬‫ال‬ َ‫و‬َِّ‫ر‬ ِ‫خ‬ ‫أ‬‫اْل‬ََّ‫ف‬َّ‫أ‬‫د‬َ‫ق‬َّ‫ل‬َ‫ض‬ًَّ‫ل‬ َ‫َل‬َ‫ض‬‫ًا‬‫د‬‫ي‬ِ‫ع‬َ‫ب‬
An-Nisa 4:136 O you who have believed, believe in Allah and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down upon His Messenger and the Scripture which He sent down
before. And whoever disbelieves in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone far astray.
‫ا‬‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬‫َا‬‫ن‬‫أ‬‫ل‬َ‫نز‬َ‫أ‬َّ‫الت‬ََّ ‫ا‬َ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬‫ا‬َ‫ه‬
‫ًى‬‫د‬‫ه‬َّ‫ور‬‫ن‬ َ‫و‬َّۚ …
Al-Ma'idah 5:44
Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which
was guidance and light.
…َّۚ‫َا‬‫ن‬‫أ‬‫ي‬َ‫ت‬‫آ‬ َ‫و‬ََّ‫د‬‫و‬‫او‬َ‫د‬‫ا‬ً‫ور‬‫ب‬َ‫ز‬
An-Nisa 4:163
And to David We gave the book [of Psalms]
‫َا‬‫ن‬‫أ‬‫ي‬‫ف‬َ‫ق‬ َ‫و‬ََّٰ‫ى‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬‫ا‬َ‫ث‬‫آ‬‫م‬ِ‫ه‬ ِ‫ر‬‫ى‬َ‫س‬‫ي‬ِ‫ع‬ِ‫ب‬َّ‫أ‬‫ب‬‫ا‬َِّ‫ن‬
ََّ‫م‬َ‫ي‬ ‫أ‬‫ر‬َ‫م‬‫ا‬ً‫ق‬ِ‫د‬َ‫ص‬‫م‬ََّ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬ََّ‫أن‬‫ي‬َ‫ب‬َِّ‫ه‬‫أ‬‫ي‬َ‫د‬َ‫ي‬َِّ‫م‬ََّ‫ن‬
َِّ ‫ا‬َ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬‫الت‬ََّّۚ‫َاه‬‫ن‬‫أ‬‫ي‬َ‫ت‬‫آ‬ َ‫و‬ََّ‫ل‬‫ي‬ ِ‫نج‬ِ ‫أ‬‫اْل‬َِّ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ًى‬‫د‬‫ه‬َّ‫ور‬‫ن‬ َ‫و‬ …
Al-Ma'idah 5:46 And We sent, following in their
footsteps, Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming that
which came before him in the Torah; and We gave him
the Gospel, in which was guidance and light …
QURAN

3. INJIL
Al-Imran 3:3 He has sent down upon you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth,
confirming what was before it. And He revealed the Torah and the Gospel.
Al-Imran 3:48 And He will teach him writing and wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel
Al-Imran 3:65 O People of the Scripture, why do you argue about Abraham while the Torah and
the Gospel were not revealed until after him? Then will you not reason?
Al-Maidah 5:46 And We sent, following in their footsteps, Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming that which came
before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel, in which was guidance and light and confirming that
which preceded it of the Torah as guidance and instruction for the righteous.
Al-Maidah 5:47 And let the People of the Gospel judge by what Allah has revealed therein. And whoever does
not judge by what Allah has revealed – then it is those who are the defiantly disobedient.
Al-Maidah 5:66 And if only they upheld [the law of] the Torah, the Gospel, and what has been revealed to them from their Lord, they would
have consumed [provision] from above them and from beneath their feet. Among them are a moderate community, but many of them – evil
is that which they do.

4. INJIL
Al-Maidah 5:68 Say, "O People of the Scripture, you are [standing] on nothing until you uphold [the law of] the Torah, the Gospel, and what
has been revealed to you from your Lord." And that which has been revealed to you from your Lord will surely increase many of them in
transgression and disbelief. So do not grieve over the disbelieving people.
Al-Maidah 5:110 [The Day] when
Allah will say, "O Jesus, Son of Mary,
remember My favor upon you and
upon your mother when I supported
you with the Pure Spirit and you
spoke to the people in the cradle and
in maturity; and [remember] when I
taught you writing and wisdom and
the Torah and the Gospel; and when
you designed from clay [what was]
like the form of a bird with My
permission, then you breathed into it,
and it became a bird with My
permission; and you healed the blind
and the leper with My permission; and
when you brought forth the dead with
My permission; and when I restrained
the Children of Israel from [killing] you
when you came to them with clear
proofs and those who disbelieved
among them said, "This is not but
obvious magic."

5. INJIL
Al-Araf 7:157 Those who follow the Messenger,
the unlettered prophet, whom they find written in
what they have of the Torah and the Gospel, who
enjoins upon them what is right and forbids them
what is wrong and makes lawful for them the
good things and prohibits for them the evil and
relieves them of their burden and the shackles
which were upon them. So they who have
believed in him, honored him, supported him and
followed the light which was sent down with him -
it is those who will be the successful.
Al-Tawbah 9:111 Indeed, Allah has purchased
from the believers their lives and their properties
[in exchange] for that they will have Paradise.
They fight in the cause of Allah , so they kill and
are killed. [It is] a true promise [binding] upon
Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an.
And who is truer to his covenant than Allah ? So
rejoice in your transaction which you have
contracted. And it is that which is the great
attainment.

6. INJIL
Al-Fath 48:29 Muhammad is the Messenger of
Allah ; and those with him are forceful against the
disbelievers, merciful among themselves. You see
them bowing and prostrating [in prayer], seeking
bounty from Allah and [His] pleasure. Their mark is
on their faces from the trace of prostration. That is
their description in the Torah. And their description
in the Gospel is as a plant which produces its
offshoots and strengthens them so they grow firm
and stand upon their stalks, delighting the sowers -
so that Allah may enrage by them the disbelievers.
Allah has promised those who believe and do
righteous deeds among them forgiveness and a
great reward.
Al-Hadid 57:27 Then We sent following their
footsteps Our messengers and followed [them] with
Jesus, the son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel.
And We placed in the hearts of those who followed
him compassion and mercy and monasticism,
which they innovated; We did not prescribe it for
them except [that they did so] seeking the approval
of Allah. But they did not observe it with due
observance. So We gave the ones who believed
among them their reward, but many of them are
defiantly disobedient.

7. DOES THE INJIL STILL EXIST?
Opinion 1 - The Injil does not exist
The Injil (Greek, Evangel=Gospel) spoken of by the Qur'an is not the New
Testament. It is not the four Gospels now received as canonical. It is the single
Gospel which, Islam teaches, was revealed to Jesus, and which he taught.
Fragments of it survive in the received canonical Gospels and in some others, of
which traces survive (e.g., the Gospel of Childhood or the Nativity, the Gospel of
St.Barnabas, etc.).
Ali, The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary, pg. 287.
Abdullah Yusuf Ali, CBE, MA, LL.M, FRSA, FRSL (/ɑːˈliː/; Urdu: ‫عبدہللا‬‫يوسف‬‫علی‬ ; 14 April 1872[1] – 10 December 1953) was
a British-Indian barrister and scholar who wrote a number of books about Islam and whose translation of the Qur'an into
English is one of the most widely known and used in the English-speaking world. (Source : Wikipedia)

8. DOES THE INJIL STILL EXIST?
Opinion 2 - The Injil is the Gospels of the New Testament
Three sections of the Bible are cited by the Koran as being Divinely revealed: the
Pentateuch, or Books of Moses (Tawrat); the Psalms of David (Zabur); and the Gospels of
Jesus (Injil)…
However, the Gospels and Psalms have found no place in an Islamic canon and their
contents are mostly ignored and unknown to Muslims. Moreover, the Gospel poses
particular difficulties in Islam. Leaving aside the distinction between direct revelation from
God, which is the case of the Koran and secondary inspiration, which is the case of the
Gospels, the Christian Gospel clashes with Islamic understanding of doctrine on several
points, most importantly regarding the nature of Jesus...
Muslims believe that the New Testament as used by Christians is incorrect and has,
somehow, been falsified.
Glasse, The Concise Encyclopedia of Islam, pg. 72.
Cyril Galsse is a Western Muslim scholar who has written several books.

9. DOES THE INJIL STILL EXIST?
Opinion 3 - The Injil is the New Testament
Injil is used in the Qur'an, and in the Traditions, and in all Muhammadan
theological works of an early date, for the revelations made by God to Jesus. But
in recent works it is applied by Muhammadans to the New Testament.
Hughes, Dictionary of Islam, pg. 211.
Thomas Patrick Hughes, (26 March 1838 - 8 August 1911) was a British Anglican missionary who served under the
auspices of the Church Mission Society (CMS) in Peshawar in British India (now Pakistan) for 20 years. Noted for his
facility with languages, Islamic scholarship and contributions to the completion.

10. BIBLE
OLD TESTAMENT
39 BOOKS
Collection of scriptures used by
Judaism
(also known as the Hebrew Bible
or Tanakh)
Pentateuch - The Law (5)
narratives, rules, instructions
Nevi’im - The Prophets (19)
anecdotes
Ketuvim - The Writings (15)
poetry, theology, drama
NEW TESTAMENT
27 BOOKS
Collection of works that relates
and interprets the life and death
of Prophet Isa ( ‫عليه‬‫السالم‬ )
Gospels (4)
recollections of the life and
acts and sayings of Jesus
Acts of the Apostles
historical narrative of the first years
of the Christian church
Epistles (21)
historical narrative of the
first years of the Christian church
Book of Revelation
apocalyptic description of
the intervention of God in history
= TORAH
one of the
book is the
book of Psalms
= ZABUR
= INJIL

11. -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 100 200
1 John
2 John
3 John
John
Revelation
Mark
James
Luke
1 Peter
2 Peter
Jude
Acts
Hebrews
Matthew
Romans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians,
1 Thessalonians 2
Thessalonians 1
Timothy
2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Job
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel
2 Samuel
1 Kings
2 Kings
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Obadiah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther
Malachi
Psalms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Solomon
Isaiah
Hosea
Amos
Jonah
Micah
Joel
Haggai
Zechariah
Prophet Isa ( ‫عليه‬‫السالم‬ )
33 years
30 MAIN WRITERS
10 MAIN WRITERS
WRITTEN OVER THE COURSE OF 1500 YEARS
BIBLE