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Critical Thinking Guide KU
- 1. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas Thinking Critically
- 2. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas What is critical thinking? Critical thinking is the process of examining, analyzing, questioning, and challenging situations, issues, and information of all kinds.
- 3. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas Elements of critical thinking • Problem/goal identification. • Diagnosis. • Exploration. • Action: Do it! • Reflection.
- 4. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas Why is critical thinking important? • It identifies bias • It's oriented toward the problem, issue, or situation being addressing. • It gives you the whole picture • It brings in other necessary factors • It considers both the simplicity and complexity of its object. • It gives you the most nearly accurate view of reality. • It is most likely to help you get the results you want.
- 5. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas Who can (and should) learn to think critically? Everyone, from children to senior citizens.
- 6. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas How to help people learn to think critically How to be a critical thinking facilitator: • Affirm learners' self-worth. • Listen attentively to learners. • Show your support for critical thinking efforts. • Reflect and mirror learners' ideas and actions. • Motivate people to think critically, but help them to understand when it's appropriate to voice critical ideas and when it's not.
- 7. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas How to help people learn to think critically (cont.) • Regularly evaluate progress with learners. • Help learners create networks of support. • Be a critical teacher. • Make people aware of how they learn critical thinking. • Model critical thinking.
- 8. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas How to encourage the critical stance • Recognize assumptions. • Examine information for accuracy, assumptions, biases, or specific interests. • Consider the context of the information, problem, or issue.
- 9. Copyright © 2014 by The University of Kansas Facilitating problem solving using critical thinking • Identify the assumptions behind the problem. • Challenge those assumptions. • Imagine alternatives to what you started with. • Critique the alternatives. • Reframe the problem and solution.