Dbq Roman Citizenship System

Dbq Roman Citizenship System
The Roman Citizenship System was superior to the Athenian Citizenship system because it allowed
non–Romans to also become Citizens. The way that one could become a Citizen in the Roman
Republic was to be married in a certain part of Roman Territory, be a free native borne adult male,
female, or child. Athenians only allowed Athenian Men to become Citizens, not even Athenian
Women or Children were citizens. I will also show the differences between how the Citizens of
Rome and Athens make governmental Decisions, how citizens were treated in the two cities, and
what rights the citizens had once they became citizens.
II–Government (Document E + F, Illustration from The Greek World by Anton Powell, 1987, and a
Fresco of the Roman Senate painted ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A) The Athenians had all citizens write down the name of the person that they thought had the most
potential to destroy the democracy, the person with their name put in the most would be exiled for
ten years, to prevent people from getting to much power.(Document D, Diodorus Siculus. History
Book XI, written between 60 and 30 BCE0) 1) The Athenian process, called Ostraka, could be easily
manipulated to remove a innocent person from power by a group of people wishing ill upon the
democracy. B) The Romans used the Census to count citizens and to rank them into classes based on
wealth, heritage, administrative competence, marital status, and physical and moral fitness. This
would then be used to determine the citizens political privileges, level of taxation, and Military
Service. Not fitting the standards would demote one in rank, and senators were expulsed from the
Senate. (Document D, Peter Walsh "In the Realm of the Censors: from the coliseum to Capitol Hill,"
Boston Review, Feb. 1991) 1) The Roman Censors, elected in pairs, are unlikely to be able to ruin
the system as much as a collaborative group of Athenians would be able to, due to the process that
they
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Cats in Ancient Egypt
When one imagines Ancient Egypt, the images of sand, mummies, and pyramids usually come to
mind. Modern times portray cats as a lovable, furry household animal. Did the thought of the two
intertwining ever occur? By examining the goddess Bast, tombs where cat mummies reside, and the
process of mummifying cats, one can better understand the true significance of the gentle creature in
the days of the Ancient Egyptian. Ancient Egyptians worshipped gods and goddesses frequently.
They seemed to posses one for any concept or thing imaginable. People think of Bast as one of the
most popular goddesses of her time and generally remember her as a cat goddess. She wore the head
of a lion or wildcat in the beginning and possessed the predatory ... Show more content on
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The Egyptians viewed statuettes as symbols of religion with great importance and history. Tombs of
Egyptians and cat cemeteries along the Nile River held many cat mummies. Thebes housed many
important cat tombs. In mountains to the west of the Nile River, the Theban tombs resided. Thebes
had 4 main burial cites that heavily depicted cats. The Bible referred to Thebes as the City of Amun,
which showed that the city majorly impacted the people. Over the course of history, the first cat
name to ever appear occurred in an 11th dynasty tomb. At the feet of a statue of the King of Hana, a
title of Babylonia, overbearingly sat a cat with the name of Bouhaki. The name means something
similar to divine healer of the home. The 18th dynasty emerged as one of the first dynasties to show
the tomb walls of the nobles to depict scenes from everyday life. Pharaohs' tomb walls tend to focus
more on religious scenes. As a result, historians understand more about the day–to–day activities of
Ancient Egyptians through the nobles. Because of the numerous representations of felines on the
tomb walls, one can infer they played an essential role in an Egyptian's life. One specific tomb wall
painting proposes that cats hunted with humans, much like hound dogs, and humans kept them as
pets. The loving function they assumed could possibly attribute to how popular the Egyptians found
Bast. Archaeologists

Characteristics Of The Noble Savage
The noble savage in antiquity is often characterised by the traits of the golden races accounted for
by Hesiod in Works and Days and Ovid in the Metamorphoses which traces the decline in human
moral behaviour from the ideal Golden Age to the civilised but violent Iron Age world. Accordingly,
the noble savage is always discussed from an ethnocentric world–view wherein the spaces most
familiar to the authors are deemed the most civilised while the places further from them become
increasingly primitive. In this way a reading of the noble savage is a negative description of both the
technologically inept people in question, and the morally bankrupt civilised peoples corrupted by the
conflict and greed their society engenders. Characteristics of the golden race peoples usually applied
to noble savages are: lack of agriculture, property, hard labour; no demarcation of territory, greed,
warfare, written laws, seafaring, and metallurgy. The difficulty with noble savage descriptions in
antiquity is that they are not all analogous and some are significantly unlike the Golden Age races.
Moreover, their depictions are due to the 'writer's preconceptions of the moral value of prehistoric
peoples and their lifestyles will colour their valuation of noble savage' ; therefore, it is the ancient
author who chooses how the noble savage is presented.

Analysis Of Ancient Egyptian Art : The Statue Of Osiris
The Boston Museum of Fine Arts is located in Boston, Massachusetts and has a large collection of
art of various styles from various times and locations throughout history. They have a large
collection of art from the ancient world, including many pieces from ancient Egypt (MFA). This
ancient Egyptian art depicts many aspects of ancient Egyptian life such as culture, day–to–day life,
funeral practices, and religious beliefs. Much of this art shows parts of the Egyptian mythological
belief system. One piece of artwork that not only depicts a god from the mythological system, but
also gives insight into the funerary practices of that time is the Statue of Osiris. The Statue of Osiris
shows a clear connection between ancient Egyptian mythology and funerary practices in the context
of art because Osiris is the god of the Underworld and the statue is inscribed with mortuary texts.
This statue depicts the god Osiris in mummified form (Fig. 1). He is shown holding a crook and
flail; these items represent status and kingship (Hart, 2005). He is depicted wearing his special
crown, which is called the Atef crown. It resembles the crown of upper Egypt with two ostrich
feathers on either side (Encyclopædia Britannica). In ancient Egyptian art, Osiris is frequently
depicted in this manner: in mummified form, holding the crook and flail, and wearing the Atef
crown. Mortuary texts are written on the back and bottom platform of the piece (Fig. 2). According
to the MFA, these are, "mortuary

The Seven Wonders Of The Ancient World
There are Seven Wonders of the Ancient World known today. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, The
Great Pyramid of Giza, The Temple of Artemis, The Statue of Zeus at Olympia, The Mausoleum at
Halicarnassus, The Colossus of Rhodes, and The Lighthouse of Alexandria. With years of research
on all seven wonders, there are many questions left unanswered today. Most of these questions
include important facts about the status itself. Where were they located? Why were they created?
What happened to them? The most important unanswered question can be asked of all seven of
these wonders, did they even exist? These questions are raised by the curiosity of architects,
scientists, historians, and anyone with a bit of imagination with a love for history. We can only
gather research to get a glimpse into the ancient world and let our imagination take control until we
can gather enough evidence to be positive that yes, these seven wonders of the world did exist. All
seven wonders of the world had a powerful meaning behind them. A temple to worship, statues
dedicated to Gods, and even the burial ground of a great King and Queen. King of Caria Maussollos
and his Queen Artemisia were laid to rest in what is known as The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. A
tomb that was created by his Queen Artemisia, likely a place for her to go to grieve the loss of her
husband. This mausoleum was built in 353 B.C. around the time of his death. This beautiful
mausoleum was coated with marble filled statues of Greek

Culture And Ancient Greek Civilization
Short Paper
Early civilizations of the world started out in Mesopotamia, and they all had very similar cultures.
As these civilizations expanded and migrated, their cultures became more diverse and dynamic.
Three major, early civilizations were the Jews, the Greeks, and the Egyptians. Each of these
civilization's culture was directly influenced by their religion, environment, and society. The Greeks
had a very competitive culture. This was partly due to the limited resources they had on their
mountainous lands. Because of the limited resources they had, the Greeks had to compete with one
another for the resources to survive. In addition to limited resources, the Greeks also had unique
society that led them to being competitive. They strived for a certain way to live life that involved
individual excellence, and their word for it was aretê. Greeks wanted to prove themselves and show
off their greatness, so they had religious festivals and events every year in which they competed
against one another. There were many events every year, and as a result they boosted the
competition in the society. Competition was such a major role in Greek culture that we even see it in
their religious beliefs. Greek religion was polytheistic, and in it we see stories of gods competing
against one another to prove who was better, much like their people. Greeks didn't believe in a
happy afterlife unless they were heroic enough to be granted into the elysian fields. An example of
the afterlife

The Battle Of Thermopylae 480 Bc
The battle of Thermopylae occurred in 480 BC and marked the second invasion of the Persian War.
Thermopylae was a region in the central east coast of Greece near Athens. Initially the pass at
Tempe, near Thessaly was chosen to defend Greece, though this pass proved difficult to defend as
there were three passes in which the Persian can simultaneously attack. The Greek fighting force
that arrived at Thermopylae consisted of Thebans, Thespians, Phocians, Spartan Helots and King
Leonidas' personal guard of 300 Spartiates hoplites. There were other Greek solider but they were to
infinitesimal to take note. The rough estimate of the Greek Defenders numbered from 4000–7000.
They were able to hold of the Persians for a couple of days, until Xerxes the Persian king discovered
a pass to outflank the Greek defenders, thus allowing him to slaughter the Greeks. Thermopylae was
in all respects a defeat.
The Battle of Thermopylae 480 BC was a significant battle in ancient history and others would
speculate that it is primarily important for Western Culture. Though the battle had resulted in defeat
it had echoed throughout history as the Battle in which cultivated the standard of bravery boys
should follow. The battle itself more overshadowed the more significant battle of Platea in which the
Greek military primarily the Spartan Military defeated the Persians and ensured a Greek Victory.
The battle of Thermopylae mostly due to fact it was written showed the world the first concept of

Masculinity In Intersex
Sex, gender, marriage, and kinship are all topics that Anthropologist are interested in because they
exist in all cultures therefor, they are a great reference point between cultures. Each of these topics
can be challenging and worthwhile to study because they can teach us different things about a
culture.
Sex simply put is the reproduction organs you were born with. You are either male or female. With
this being said it is important to point out that sex is not always clearly defined in all humans and
throughout time people have been born with a sex that was not clear. The Greek Historian Diodorrus
Siculus wrote in the first century BC:
"Hermaphroditus, as he has been called, who was born of Hermes and Aphrodite and received a
name which is a combination of those of both his parents. Some say that this Hermaphroditus is a
god and appears at certain times among men, and that he is born with a physical body which is a
combination of that of a man and that of a woman, in that he has a body which is ... Show more
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For most of time intersex people have been made either through surgery and or medicines to live life
as one sex or the other. Today there is a push to let the intersex person decide how they want to live.
Our texts defines gender as a cultural construct that makes biological and physical differences into
social meaningful categories. Within each society there are also gender roles or the expectations of
the different sexes in a society. Studying these can tell us about how a culture divides labor, views
the opposite sexes and how gender socialization occurs with children. In a hunter/gather society
women gather while men hunter. These are clearly defined roles. However, in many equalitarian
societies around the world today both genders perform similar jobs to support the family. Just this
week in America the US Army announce women will now be eligible for all combat position men
are eligible

Romans Death Religion
During the Republican period and Empire, Rome was a city that was constantly evolving and
growing in size. As a result of the growing population came the problem of pollution. Pollution led
the Roman Empire to establish rules and guidelines in handling the deceased in terms of the type of
burial being used.1 This also led to changes in beliefs about the afterlife that could have been
influenced by different cultural factors. Several scholars have argued that the Romans experienced a
transition from cremation to inhumation, a change that has been linked to the rise of Christianity.2
However, I will argue that this transition was in fact due to philosophical–religious aspects
dependent on social, political and economic factors. In this paper, ... Show more content on
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The funerary procession began with the deceased's body held in an upright position and the body
should never be reclined at any point.10 It was also a necessary step for the deceased to play a role
in his or her own funeral; a way to achieve this was through the use of masks, mimes and actors.11
This can be seen when Diodorus Siculus describes the lavish funeral of Lucius Aemilius Paullus in
160 BC, and how he was a participant in his own ceremony.12 This was achieved by using
professional actors into the funeral. By doing so, Romans were able to bring the deceased back to
life for a moment to commemorate the success they achieved in their lifetime. An aspect that was
never overlooked to ensure this was the physical similarity between the actor and the deceased. This
is demonstrated when Suentonis describes the funeral of emperor Vespasian; in his ceremony the
hired actor not only shared physical similarities with the emperor but he was even able to imitate the
supposedly stinginess the Emperor had.13 The use of hired actors in funerals did not have a direct
effect on the change of burials but the tradition still held

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Abstract
Various Wonders of the World lists have been compiled over the ages in order to catalogue the most
spectacular natural and man–made constructions. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is the
first known list of remarkable man–made creations of classical antiquity, and was based on guide–
books popular among Hellenic sight–seers and only includes works located around the
Mediterranean rim. Later lists include those for the Medieval World, the Modern World, the Natural
World and others. The list that will be discussed today is the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The historian Herodotus (484 BC–ca. 425 BC), and the scholar Callimachus of Cyrene (ca 305–240
BC) at the Museum of Alexandria, made early lists of "seven wonders" but ... Show more content on
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The gardens were destroyed in an earthquake after the 1st century BCE.
The lush Hanging Gardens are extensively documented by Greek historians such as Strabo and
Diodorus Siculus. Through the ages, the location may have been confused with gardens that existed
at Nineveh, whose king at the time was Nimrod, since tablets from there clearly show gardens.
Writings on these tablets describe the possible use of something similar to an Archimedes' screw as
a process of raising the water to the required height. The Greek Historian Diodorus (Antipar) said:
"The Garden was 100 feet long by 100 feet wide and built up in tiers so that it resembled a theater.
Vaults had been constructed under the ascending terraces which carried the entire weight of the
planted garden; the uppermost vault, which was seventy–five feet high, was the highest part of the
garden, which, at this point, was on the same level as the city walls. The roofs of the vaults which
supported the garden were constructed of stone beams some sixteen feet long, and over these were
laid first a layer of reeds set in thick tar, then two courses of baked brick bonded by cement, and
finally a covering of lead to prevent the moisture in the soil penetrating the roof. On top of this roof
enough topsoil was heaped to allow the biggest trees to take root. The earth was leveled off and
thickly

The Contributions Of The Hanging Garden Of Babylon
The Hanging Garden of Babylon was built in 600 B.C by Nebuchadnezzar, the king at the time.
These beautiful gardens were built for the purpose of a gift to the queen, Amytis of Media, who had
missed the flowers of her home land. To make the queen happy, Nebuchadnezzar commanded the
garden be made. Ancient writer Diodorus Siculus wrote about how the walter ong planes of the
exotic flora and fauna were self watering. The greenery itself could reach up to 75 feet. Although,
some historians lead to believe that the gardens were fake and not really made, due to the lack of
abundant records and it not being around today – because of an earthquake in the 2nd century –,
early historians such as Diodorus Siculus, Philo, and Strabo wrote about the gardens; and so
according to our knowledge today, the fountains were a part of history, and because of their
magnificence, they are named a Wonder of the Ancient World. The Wonder, Temple of Artemis at
Ephesus, was built in 550 B.C, and was composed by Chersiphron, a Greek architect. The temple
was a religious building dedicated to Zeus' daughter Artemis, goddess of hunting and wild nature;
however, when it was not being used in a time of worship, it was converted into a marketplace. The
Temple was constructed from marble and stretched to a height of 425 feet, as well as being 225 feet
wide. The delicately designed Wonder had 127 columns all around the structure which were each 60
feet tall. Yet, in 356 B.C, the Temple was burned to the

Satan 's Spirits Of Lust
Satan's spirits of lust emerge in the pagan gods Baal, Molech, and Chemosh that are all mentioned in
the Bible; specifically, their practices often included distorted sexual acts, human sacrifices,
cannibalism, and the eating of blood that were distinctively traits of 'devil' worship. Baal worship
became abundant throughout much of the ancient Middle East; concurrently, in early societies Baal
has a long history of perverted sex that is akin to Pan Worship within his cult rituals. Mount Hermon
turned out to be one of the major centers of Baal/Pan worship that involved the brutality of human
sacrifices. Baal obtained other god's identity, such as the horned Molech; well known for child
sacrifices. The various names and epithets of Baal occurring in the Old Testament and elsewhere
became produced from his various aspects and the localities of his worship. For the majority of
people, the cruelty of tormenting and murdering children becomes too devastating, believing that it
just could not have happened. On the contrary, the Bible's staunch position states numerous times
concerning these killings, and references how the Israelites served the idols of the heathen.
In 1870, Sir Charles Warren happened to be exploring in the Lebanon region on the summit of
Mount Hermon and found the ruins of a temple believed to belong to Baal. Similarly, this could be
relevant to the Bible's stating they
The Philosopher's Great God of Lust

The Culture Of A Place, Time, Or People
The culture of a place, time, or people is powerful. So much so, that thousands of years will still
allow certain observations into the lives of the people that existed in that culture. Through poems,
writings, architecture, art, clothing, tools, and more historians are able to get a slight understanding
of what or who people from different cultures prioritized, worshiped, or enjoyed. Over time, local
cultures can be diffused across wide areas, even continents. This leads to mixed cultures, which in
the globalized world today is vital so that people can understand instead of abhorring one another.
These three sources: Posidonius writes about the Celts (as reported by others), Rock Edicts of
Asoka, and Sima Qian– Historical Record demonstrate the importance of cross–cultural interactions
with examples from approximately 269 BCE to approximately 200s CE. They show how important
cross–cultural interactions were to the regions they were in, how perceptions of culture were
different to non–natives, and how well the introduced culture stood the test of time, all of which are
vital to even beginning to understand how culture developed and diffused across land and time.
Although a region's inherent culture is what makes up the backbone of the people in that region,
interactions between culture through trade, travel, or conflict provide the blending of cultures. This
can be read in the Greek scholar Athenaeus' citing of Posidonius circa late 100s–early 200s CE, in
which he remarks

Athens Vs Rome Dbq Analysis
Athens vs Rome: Which was the Better System? I. Athens and Rome were two powerful
civilizations. Their impact still influence us today. About 500 BC, people were no longer considered
subjects. They are now called citizens, and had to meet certain responsibilities. If you meet the
requirements then you could be granted citizenship. Only certain people could be granted
citizenship, and it was to be honored and protected. Athens had a better system then Rome, because
the Athenians where more cautious and gave people equal chances for obtaining citizenship. They
also did ostracism, and believed in The Old Oligarch. II. Supporting Paragraphs a) In Document C,
the various sources state in the first paragraph in Athens, once a person is granted citizenship,

Herodotus Greek God
T he concept of Satan as an 'evil presence' in our modern day definition exists as mainly a made–up
superstition; however, for the ancients this evil spiritual force persisted as a tangible and intangible
influence. Justifiably, due to their fear untold satanic ruins and other relics were destroyed as a
means of purification; whereupon, the visible reality of Satan as an authentic supernatural presence
abides extremely diluted. Feasible, the factual existence of Satan's ancient evil surfaced more factual
than a vast number of people would presume. Thus, spiritually through this visible and the invisible
presence developed what some may call the 'spirits of lust.'
In humanity's earliest time, the practice of phallic worship persisted within ... Show more content on
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Due to this detestable undertaking, numerous scholars write, "There having arisen, in former days, a
pestiferous disease that existed due to the evil of the deity Pan, where the people became addicted to
strange rites in their worship of goats." Notably, this uncleanness starts in the earliest of time and the
earliest primitive conditions, where the link between man and beast proceeded not preserved, but
persisted as being made unholy. Due to this extensive sexual occupation with "strange rites" of the
worship with goats, vast numbers of people appeared plagued with diseases caused by these unclean
sex acts. This activity with goats continued to the point that the worship of Egypt's other gods fell
into public

Iron Age Celts Research Paper
Iron Age Celts of the 1st Century
Homes:
Brythonic Celts is the name given to the Celts who occupied Britain during the Iron Age, and they
were a people fragmented and separated into several different tribes all across Britain. Each Tribe
had its own king that lead and governed them, as opposed to being one, single united body.
Tribes of Celts would often protect themselves in cases of battle against enemies in something
known as a Hill Fort, which was, of course, situated on top of a hill – they were defensive settings,
as living at the top of the hill gave them the advantage in battle of seeing their enemies approach and
being able to prevent them as they climbed up the hill. However, it is suspected that these were not
permanent accommodations and may have been used as assembly points for tribes to withstand a
short siege, as they contained no sources of water. The sizes of these Hill Forts would vary; while
some where only capable of containing one or two families, others were able to house many more. It
also depended upon whether they were built to defend themselves from attacking tribes, or invading
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We know that their walls were made of Wattle and Daub – Interwoven sticks and twigs that were
covered with mud or clay, however they could often include other substances such as wet soil, clay,
sand and animal excrement. This may have been because the daubed walls kept the heat in and the
wind out. The only sources of light or heat came from a fireplace often placed in the center of the
room, and an open door during the day. The fire would have been used to cook their food, and it can
also be assumed that the chief would live in the biggest Round

Arama Ancient Egyptians
By 7000 BC, some of the earliest recorded farmers had settled in Beidha, a pre–pottery settlement
just north of Petra.[11] Petra is listed in Egyptian campaign accounts and the Amarna letters as Pel,
Sela or Seir. Though the city was founded relatively late, a sanctuary has existed there since very
ancient times. Stations 19 through 26 of the stations list of Exodus are places associated with Petra.
[12] This part of the country was biblically assigned to the Horites, the predecessors of the
Edomites.[13] The habits of the original natives may have influenced the Nabataean custom of
burying the dead and offering worship in half–excavated caves. Although Petra is usually identified
with Sela, which means a rock, the Biblical references[14] refer ... Show more content on
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Two types of tombs have been distinguished: the Nabataean and the Greco–Roman. The Nabataean
type starts from the simple pylon–tomb with a door set in a tower crowned by a parapet ornament, in
imitation of the front of a dwelling–house. Then, after passing through various stages, the full
Nabataean type is reached, retaining all the native features and at the same time exhibiting
characteristics which are partly Egyptian and partly Greek. Of this type close parallels exist in the
tomb–towers at Mada'in Saleh in north Arabia, which bear long Nabataean inscriptions and supply a
date for the corresponding monuments at Petra. Then comes a series of tombfronts which terminate
in a semicircular arch, a feature derived from north Syria. Finally come the elaborate façades copied
from the front of a Roman temple; however, all traces of native style have vanished. The exact dates
of the stages in this development cannot be fixed. Few inscriptions of any length have been found at
Petra, perhaps because they have perished with the stucco or cement which was used upon many of
the buildings. The simple pylon–tombs which belong to the pre–Hellenic age serve as evidence for
the earliest period. It is not known how far back in this stage the Nabataean settlement goes, but it
does not go back farther than the 6th century BC. A period follows in which the dominant

Hieroglyphics
The languages we have today. We speak our language well. We write it well. Yet long ago, we didn't
have the languages we speak today. Even the way we write today was different from the way the
people in the past wrote. Like the Egyptian Hieroglyphics. How much did A lot has changed from
those time periods. Hieroglyphics in the Greek language used by two words means 'holy writing'.
Hiero means holy and glyphs means holy. Some archaeologists believe hieroglyphics were created
by Diodorus Siculus and the ancient Egyptians called hieroglyphics 'The Language of the gods'
because as some other archaeologists believe hieroglyphics were created by the Egyptian God
known as Thoth. Hieroglyphics were invented so that way, the Egyptians can write about important
events, religious, and to communicate. When ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hieroglyphics are also written in columns. The oldest hieroglyphics is written on a tomb called the
Musaba Tomb. Hieroglyphics are practically just symbols. There is about 700 to 800 symbols in the
Egyptian hieroglyphics called glyphs. One symbol could mean two different words. If you use one
symbol and put it with another symbol, you get a brand new word. There is no punctuation or any
spacing in between each symbol. Also there is absolutely no vowels in hieroglyphics. Just consents.
Some hieroglyphics represent sound. That would be called a Phonogram. Some glyphs/symbols
show what it's trying to say. That would be called an Ideogram. Glyphs that represents a word or
phrase is called a Logogram.Hieroglyphics are basically symbols or Phonetic symbols. Alphabetic
signs means it represents just one sound at a time. Syllabic Signs means a combination of two or
three consonants. Word Signs means pictures of items that suppose to represent an item.
Determinative means a picture of an item that helps a reader understand what the picture

Heracles And The Nemean Lion Essay
Created just a century or so later than the Pseudo– Apollodorus accounts in the Bibliotheca 2, this
mosaic titled "Heracles & the Nemean Lion" was created in the third century C.E. Located in the
National Archeological Museum of Spain, neither the catalog number for the museum or the
Beazley Archive number are given. More than 700 years had passed since the creation of figures 1–
4, and the story is still the same. Although in this mosaic, Heracles is standing up and strangling the
lion, not on the ground. Heracles is also still naked, not having obtained his armor, which would
come from that very lion. This is a mosaic found in a roman context. Meaning that the transition
from prominently Greek society to one shared, and later taken over, with Rome kept the legend of
Heracles very close to what it had become, even when crossing cultural lines.
Present day of the legend of Heracles, using the roman version Hercules, still has not changed. With
the twelve athlois still being present, the first being the Nemean lion, the legend has stayed true. In
the 2014 remake of "Hercules" starring Dwayne Johnson, it describes the first athloi, the Nemean
lion. The movie does include the description that the lion was in a cave and Hercules did go in to
defeat the lion. The lion's skin was also impervious to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Than those accounts by Theocritus that had people witnessing Heracles, and how Heracles lifted the
lion over his back instead of choking him on the ground. To where and who was involved with the
lion like Diodorus Siculus states. Then in Greek/Roman times when the Pseudo Apollodorus writes
about the same myth poking fun at the Mycenaeans and king Eurystheus. By this time though, the
story seems to take hold into what it becomes today with the numerous productions of movies,
books, and stories of

God 's Spirits Of Lust
Human Sacrifices
Satan's spirits of lust emerge in the pagan gods Baal, Molech, and Chemosh that are all mentioned in
the Bible; specifically, their practices often included distorted sexual acts, human sacrifices,
cannibalism, and the eating of blood that were distinctively traits of 'devil' worship. Baal worship
became abundant throughout much of the ancient Middle East; concurrently, in early societies Baal
has a long history of perverted sex that is akin to Pan Worship within his cult rituals. Mount Hermon
turned out to be one of the major centers of Baal/Pan worship that involved the brutality of human
sacrifices. Baal obtained other god's identity, such as the horned Molech; well known for child
sacrifices. The various names and epithets of Baal occurring in the Old Testament and elsewhere
were derived from his various aspects and the localities of his worship. For the majority of people,
the cruelty of tormenting and murdering children becomes too devastating, believing that it just
could not have happened. On the contrary, the Bible's staunch position states numerous times
concerning these killings, and references how the Israelites served the idols of the heathen.
In 1870, Sir Charles Warren happened to be exploring in the Lebanon region on the summit of
Mount Hermon and found the ruins of a temple believed to belong to Baal. Similarly, this could be
relevant to the Bible's stating they "...destroy all their molten

Analytical Essay: The Oracle Of Apollo At Delphi
The Oracle of Apollo at Delphi is shrouded in myth and mystery, but one thing is certain, their
prophetic influence stretched far and wide and was detrimental in shaping Greece.
Neither war nor boundary was determined without conferring the Delphic Oracle first. The Oracle of
Apollo was held in high regard by the likes of "Plutarch, Plato, Aristotle, and Diodorus" (Broad 10).
The Trojan War and Theban War were in part responses to the Oracle's forecasts (Fontenrose 4). The
Delphic Oracle shaped the decision of Spartans and consulted the "Greek states at the time of the
Persian War" (Fontenrose 6). For well over a millennium, devotees would continue to seek the
Delphic Oracle's counsel. The Greek legacy is riddled with her prophecies. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The names "Pytho" and "Pythian" symbolized Apollo's victory over the creature (Scott 32). What
happened next? According to the Homeric Hymn, Apollo set out to find men to manage his new
temple. He found a ship of Cretan sailors; Apollo then turned himself into a dolphin and forced the
ship to steer "off course"(Scott 32). Apollo brought the crew into port, unveiled his true identity and
demanded the sailor's travel to Pytho (Scott 32). Once in Pytho they must build a sanctuary
dedicated to Apollo (Scott 33). Upon reaching the infertile grounds of Pytho, the Cretan sailors were
shocked (Scott 33). They questioned how they could survive in such treacherous and unforgiving
terrain (Scott 33). Apollo answered them, explaining that support would be made possible by the
gifts and donations "of all those who came to worship and consult his oracle" (Scott 33). The
Homeric myth is only one of the many parables that explain Delphi's origin, but the record of the
Oracle's prophecies at Delphi have been slightly more concrete. Polytheism was practiced in ancient
Greece. Apollo, the god of music, light, and order, was the son of Zeus. "The gods were considered
all powerful, all controlling and all knowing" (Scott 9). The Oracle of Apollo was the most steadfast
and consistent prognosticator in all of Greece. People would traverse over long distances and in
some cases wait for months on end just to seek advice from the sibyl (Scott 9). The questions

Essay about Commentary on Book Two of Herodotus' Histories...
Introduction This paper will offer a commentary on Herodotus' Histories 2.129–135. Book Two of
Histories concerns itself with Egypt; specifically chapters 99–182 detail rulers of Egypt both
legendary and actual. Book Two is distinct from the other books in Histories as it is in this book that
we predominantly experience Herodotus as an investigator. More precisely it is in Book Two that
Herodotus treats first person experience not as direct evidence but as a method of assessing the
accounts of others. Chapters 129–135 provide us with the tale of King Mycerinus as recounted by
whom Herodotus refers to in 2.127 as simply 'ÆGYPTIOI'. These Egyptians are referred to at
various points in Book Two and at times appear to refer to what might ... Show more content on
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This portrait of Mycerinus as a kind ruler is an interesting one and appears again in Diodorus
Siculus' Library of History. However, despite his stated low opinion of Herodotus' earlier work,
Diodorus' account of Egypt undoubtedly has Herodotean threads running through it and for this
reason alone cannot be used to support the story of Mycerinus presented in Herodotus' Histories.
Alan B. Lloyd has suggested that the view of Mycerinus as a benign ruler may have come about due
to the relatively small size of his pyramid in contrast to those of Chephren and Cheops. This
argument is given further credence when it is considered that one of the theories proposed for the
reduction in size of Mycerinus' pyramid was that the Pharaoh began to devote more resources to the
construction of temples. However, Herodotus' tale of Mycerinus can just as easily be read, albeit in
an unusual way, as an example of the dangers of hubris. This tale also contains some of the motifs
and anti–motifs of tyrants as described in the speech of Otanes at 3.80. The conventions in Otanes'
speech appear frequently when Herodotus talks about despotic rulers in Histories. This theory of a
hubristic Mycerinus character formed as part of a tyrannical tradition in Histories will be dealt with
later in this paper.
2.130
At the end of 2.129 Herodotus

Research Paper On Ozymandias
Emily Walker
English 204–02
Survey of English Literature II
Professor de Rosset
4/15/15
Shelley, the King of Kings
With the discoveries of artifacts such as the statue of Ramses II and the Rosetta Stone, an Egyptian
wave swept through Europe in the 1800s. All things Egyptian inspired many Europeans, including
Percy Bysshe Shelley and his friend and banker, Horace Smith. After recalling historian Diodorus
Siculus' description of the statue of Ramses II, the two decided to write sonnets on the subject.
Smith produced a failed, now–forgotten poem. Shelley produced one of the best known sonnets in
European literature, titled Ozymandias.
Ozymandias is the Greek name for Ramses II, a pharaoh that ruled Egypt for 67 years. Known as
one of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Shelley found that the public, his family, and many friends regarded him not only as an atheist and
a revolutionist but also a libertine" ("Percy" 749). Shelley's poetry also received contradictory
criticisms. "Popular opinion of Percy Bysshe Shelley's mysterious sonnet "Ozymandias"
periodically undergoes sea change" (Parini, 225). Because Shelley combined both political issues
and literature, some did not grasp his works. Some anthologists consider Shelley's poem to be one of
his best. Others neglect to mention it at all. This up and down, rise and fall of popularity could
reflect the rise and fall of

The Position Of Women In The Ancient World Have Always
The position of women in the ancient world have always been portrayed in a bad light. Women were
thought to be manipulative, submissive, and weak compared to men. These roles of women have
been handed down history. Women bought into this because it was a way for them to gain power.
Power in the ancient world was a means for securing a safe life for women and their family. Women
would manipulate others in order to gain power for their sons and husbands. The reason for this was
because if their male relative was associated with power, they too would have power and security.
The portrayal of witches fed into the idea that women were manipulative and only sought to gain
power. Witches transgressed traditional ideas of femininity. They were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In book 10 of Homer's Odyssey, he describes Circe as being a fail–locked women who lived on the
island of Aaia. When Odysseus and his men arrive on the island, they encounter Circe and her home.
Homer describes the house of Circe as "built with polished stones, in a sheltered place. Around it
were wolves of the mountain and lions, which Circe herself had enchanted, for she had given them
evil drugs"( Ogden 95). The enchanting of the wolves around Circe's home suggests that she
inherited the powers of Hecate. Hecate, too, was associated with animals like wolves and dogs.
Circe was also powerful enough to turn Odysseus' men into pigs. She did this by blending " baleful
drugs into the food, so that they should forget their homeland completely. But when she had given it
to them and they had drunk it down, she immediately struck them with her wand and shut them into
pigsties"(Ogden 95). Circe, just like Hecate, had the power to bring the dead back to life in order to
learn about things. Circe also went by the name pharmakeia, which is the greek word for witchcraft
and the act of making drugs. Therefore, it would only make sense that Circe had gained all the
powers and qualities of Hecate because she was her daughter. Medea too attributed her magical
powers from Hecate. Most of

Greek Tophet
In addition to the forensic evidence, there is a large body of epigraphic evidence to draw on that
further proves that the Tophet was connected to child sacrifice. One such inscription states quite
clearly what the Tophet was used for: ""It was to the Lady Thinnith–Phanebal and to Baalhammun
that Bomilcar bin Hanno bin Milkiathon vowed son of his own flesh. Bless thou him!" Clearly, this
inscription indicates that a child was sacrificed to Ba'al Hammon and the important Carthaginian
goddess, Tanit. When it comes to interpreting the inscriptions on the Tophet, there are two words
that need to be paid attention to. The First is the word mlk (or its feminine version, mlkt). Initially
the meaning of the word was unclear, but it has since become ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The first source to look at is the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus. Diodorus wrote about how the
Carthaginians would sacrifice the children of noble families to honour "Cronos." He also wrote
about an incident where in Carthage was put under siege; the Carthaginians, fearing that the gods
had abandoned them (due to the fact that Carthaginian nobles had been buying to children to
sacrifice in place of their own), sacrificed two hundred noble children. Now, his account is very
sensationalist; for example, the evidence shows that on average around one to two burials were
made per year; so Diodorus' account of two hundred children being sacrificed, is likely false.
Plutarch writes something very similar in his essay On Superstition. Plutarch writes that the
Carthaginians would sacrifice their own children (or children that had been purchased from the poor
for the sole purpose of sacrifice) to "Cronos." Like Diodorus, Plutarch is also very sensationalist, he
writes that mothers would be forced to watch the sacrifice, and would be forbidden from shedding
tears or crying. Another source is the Roman philosopher Porphyry, who writes that in times of war,
plagues, and draughts, would choose to sacrifice someone to "Kronos." Interestingly, Porphyry
differs from most other ancient accounts in that he does not say that they sacrifice children, simply
that they sacrificed someone "close to them." There are many more accounts of child sacrifice, from
a wide variety of ancient sources, but ultimately they end up saying very little. The only common
denominator amongst the sources is that human sacrifice was practiced in Carthage. So, ultimately
the literary sources are of little value in actually determining the

Diodorus Essay
Shelley's friend the banker Horace Smith stayed with the poet and his wife Mary (author of
Frankenstein) in the Christmas season of 1817. One evening, they began to discuss recent
discoveries in the Near East. In the wake of Napoleon's conquest of Egypt in 1798, the archeological
treasures found there stimulated the European imagination. The power of pharaonic Egypt had
seemed eternal, but now this once–great empire was (and had long been) in ruins, a feeble shadow.
Shelley and Smith remembered the Roman–era historian Diodorus Siculus, who described a statue
of Ozymandias, more commonly known as Rameses II (possibly the pharaoh referred to in the Book
of Exodus). Diodorus reports the inscription on the statue, which he claims was the largest in Egypt,
as follows: "King of Kings Ozymandias am I. If any want to know how great I am and where I lie,
let him outdo me in my work." (The statue and its inscription do not survive, and were not seen by
Shelley; his inspiration for "Ozymandias" was verbal rather than visual.)
Stimulated by their conversation, Smith and Shelley wrote sonnets based on the passage in
Diodorus. Smith produced a now–forgotten poem with the unfortunate title "On a Stupendous Leg
of Granite, Discovered Standing by Itself in the Deserts of Egypt, with the Inscription Inserted
Below." ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The visage is taken apart by the poet, who collaborates with time's ruinous force. Shelley says
nothing about the rest of the face; he describes only the mouth, with its "frown,/And wrinkled lip,
and sneer of cold command." Cold command is the emblem of the empire–building ruler, of the
tyrannical kind that Shelley despised. Ozymandias resembles the monstrous George III of our other
Shelley sonnet, "England in 1819." (Surprisingly, surviving statues of Rameses II, aka Ozymandias,
show him with a mild, slightly mischievous expression, not a glowering, imperious

The Defense Of The Pass Failed
Thermopylae is a mountain pass near the sea in Northern Greece, located 150 kilometers North of
Athens. It was an excellent choice for defense since it had mountains running down into the sea, the
only remaining land was a narrow marshy area along the coast. Thermopylae was a very strategic
location. It commands the pass from Thessaly through Lokris and Boeotia. Having secured the pass
could block any invaders and even make them turn back, though all three occasions, the defense of
the pass failed. The Athenians took position at Thermopylae in 352 BC, making Philip II decide not
to invade. Then, in 323 BC during the Lamian War, the general Leosthenes blocked the Macedonian
Antipater by stationing troops at Thermopylae. Thermopylae was not the only route south from
Thessaly; it was merely the fastest and easiest route.
The Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC was between the Spartans and the Persians. King Leonidas of
Sparta was declared to lead his men to march to the pass of Thermopylae to guard the pass from the
Greek city–states. Leonidas went to the Oracle to find out what was going to happen in the battle.
The oracle revealed that he was going to die. He knew that he would not be the only one dying, but
he also knew that the sons of his men would continue their lineage. While the Spartans marched to
the pass, they acquired more men from neighboring Greek city–states. The Persians were going
through the pass to get to the Greek city–states to conquer them,

The Battle Of Thermopylae During Western Civilization History
The battle of Thermopylae is an important event in western civilization history. This battle
established the name of the Spartans and how ruthless and disciplined they were. The battle of
Thermopylae also helped end the wrath of Xerxes and the Persians before they could conquer all of
the city–states that they wanted to. The battle also revolutionized the technique of using the land to
people's advantage in war.
Thermopylae is a mountain pass near the sea in Northern Greece, located 150 kilometers North of
Athens. It was an excellent choice for defense since it had mountains running down into the sea, the
only remaining land was a narrow marshy area along the coast. Thermopylae was a very strategic
location. It commands the pass from Thessaly through Lokris and Boeotia. Having secured the pass
could block any invaders and even make them turn back, though all three occasions, the defensive
use of the pass failed. The Athenians took position at Thermopylae in 352 BC, making Philip II
decide not to invade. Then, in 323 BC during the Lamian War, the general Leosthenes blocked the
Macedonian Antipater by stationing troops at Thermopylae. Thermopylae was not the only route
south from Thessaly; it was merely the fastest and easiest route.
The Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC was between the Spartans and the Persians. King Leonidas of
Sparta was declared to lead his men to march to the pass of Thermopylae to guard the pass from the
Greek city–states. Leonidas went

Forensic And How It Helps Determine Child Abuse
Forensic Osteology of Child Abuse By: Heather Hogue ANTH328–101 11/26/2016 In my paper, I
will explain forensic osteology and how it helps determine child abuse. I will also explain different
cultures and situations where child abuse cases take place. I will describe where child abuse has
taken place even in ancient times. Lastly, I will explain the challenges of forensic osteology in
determining child abuse, what could be mistaken for it, and how it's properly analyzed. My first
article is about forensic radiology and how it determines unexplained head injuries in child
mummies. Janet Davey and Olaf H. Drummer explained that the identification of cause of death in
ancient Egyptian child mummies have changed since advanced visual workstations have produced
more detailed virtual data that allowed more accurate reporting on injuries and cause of death. They
elaborated on the fact that virtual images from computerized tomography (CT) data have
revolutionized the study of ancient mummified remains. It has also removed the need for destructive
procedures linked to unwrapping of bodies and has been used in a number of forensic pathology
institutions. Forensic radiology protocols were used in the study of two small child mummies from
the human remains collection in a British museum. They have been mummified and wrapped two
thousand years ago. They explained that the bodies presented unique problems in interpreting the
radiological data due to external linen

Comparison Of Stonehenge And Paganism
Stonehenge and Paganism A lot of scientific interpretations of Stonehenge that are proposed by
archaeologists are often at "war", so to speak, with other archaeological interpretations by faith
communities. One of these particular arguments is that Paganism is not considered to be a "real"
religion, like that of Christianity or the Islamic faith. Paganism is not widely practiced in the United
States like it is over in the UK and other European countries. Stonehenge has been connected in one
way or another to the religion of Paganism.
Building of Stonehenge Stonehenge was built in the Neolithic early Bronze Age era. The human
race did not settle in the area of Wiltshire until around 4,000 BCE – 3,000 BCE (Cusack 2012).
According to Fagan, local farmers built a simple enclosure (Cusack 2012). There are five stones,
which consist of the Heel Stone that is located outside of the north–eastern entrance. The Slaughter
Stone, which lies flat on the east side of the entranceway, is considered to be part of a pair that could
have created an entrance. The final two Station Stones are located in the bank (Cusack 2012). Over
the few hundred years, more timber monuments were built, possibly to assist in the purpose of
Stonehenge. Many archaeologists have disputed over the phases of not only the construction of
Stonehenge but also the chronology of Stonehenge as well as the possibilities of what it was used
for (Cusack 2012). Some people have thought of Stonehenge as being some kind of

Xerxes' Invasion
Xerxes' invasion of Greece was unsuccessful due to myriad causes. Being a son of a great King
Darius, he was coerced to live up to his Father's name and be as a mighty sovereign as King Darius
was. Xerxes' failure evolved around his mannerisms, as he was a man who was irresolute and need
persuasion. Only after he was given that assertiveness, was he able to go forth with decisions. His
tactics that he performed during the Battle of Thermopylae and the Battle of Salamis also portray
Xerxes' defeat of the invasion of Greece.
King Xerxes I was the son of King Darius the Great, arguably "the greatest monarch in all of the
ancient world"1. Unlike his more successful father Darius, Xerxes' actions did not strengthen the
Persian Empire, but led ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CAIS
The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies. 1998.
Though Xerxes had a huge army, in that small space he could only use a fraction of his men at a
time. Xerxes sent group after group of Persian warriors into the pass. The Greeks, who had better
armor and longer spears (Sacks 246), slaughtered each group of fighters. Even Xerxes' elite legion
of Immortals
The Battle of Thermopylae was very important as a delay tactic and because it made the Persians
overly confident. It allowed the Athenians time to evacuate their city and send the elderly citizens
and the city's treasure to the island of Salamis and the women and children to safety in Troezen
while preparing the men for a naval battle (Pomeroy et al 194). After Thermopylae, Xerxes was so
confident that when the Greeks sent him a message through a slave of Persian descent, he took their
bait and fought a naval battle that he was not prepared for (Baker 89). A storm at Artemisium had
badly damaged his fleet during the Battle of Thermopylae.
SALAMIS WAR
Xerxes was so confident with himself, that when the Greeks sent him a message through a "slave of
Persian descent", he "took their bait and fought a naval battle that he was not prepared for" (Baker
89). Despite a storm occurring at Artemisium, which had badly damaged his fleet during the Battle
of Thermopylae, he still sent his ships "to the narrow straits at Salamis" (Pomeroy et al 196).
Xerxes was

What Is The Mood Of The Poem Ozymandias?
Ozymandias is the name by which Ramses II, a pharaoh of Egypt famous for the number of
architectural structures he erected during his rule, is known to the Greeks. He is known not only for
his building program, but also for several highly ambitious foreign military campaigns and
diplomacy. The poem "Ozymandias" is written by Shelley in a sonnet–writing competition with his
friend Horace Smith after they discuss the Roman–era historian Diodorus Siculus, who describes a
statue of Ozymandias in his writings. Shelley wins the competition due to his superior use of detail
in conveying his thoughts on the overwhelming power of nature in comparison to mankind's own
transient existence in both the political and natural worlds. In "Ozymandias," P. B. Shelley uses the
statue symbol, barren ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The situational irony, in which there is a situation where the outcome is inconsistent with what is
expected, is embodied in the words on the pedestal of Ozymandias's statue. The rulers of the world,
"ye Mighty," are told by Ozymandias, "king of kings," to look upon his works and despair of
emulating them (10–11). However, one looks around the ruined statue and sees nothing whatsoever.
Rather than making the onlooker contemplate the majesty and power of the great Ozymandias,
which was the intent, the statue's inscription and its surrounding location leave one contemplating
how short human life is, and how time makes victims of all even all–powerful kings. Far from
standing forever, even the most imposing of man's creations are transient and will wear away. In
addition, framing the sonnet as a story told to the speaker by "a traveler from an antique land"
enables Shelley to add another level of obscurity to Ozymandias's position with regard to the reader
(1). Rather than seeing the statue with one's own eyes, one hears about it from someone who heard
about it from someone who has seen

Mythology Report- Dionysus Research Paper
Imran Kanji
Ms. Heenan
ENG 2D1
25 September 2012
Dionysus
Introduction Dionysus is an important figure of Greek mythology. He is the Olympian god of wine,
vegetation, festivity and pleasure. He represents humanity's longing for pleasure and desire to
celebrate. Dionysus is also the god of hallucination, theatre, reincarnation and homosexuality. He is
called: "the youthful, beautiful, but effeminate god of wine. He is also called both by Greeks and
Romans Bacchus (Bakchos), that is, the noisy or riotous god..." (Roman 201). The most popular
honour that Dionysus received, besides being granted a place in Olympus, was the Dionysia festival
in Athens, Greece. The festival was celebrated in honour of Dionysus, and the central events of
which ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dionysus planned to let him reflect and learn from his mistakes. However, Zeus did not care to have
the gods insulted, so he blinded then killed Lycurgus," (Hunt 1). Dionysus moved on to Thebes,
which at the time was ruled by his cousin Pentheus. Pentheus did not know who Dionysus was, or
that he was a god. Dionysus was with his group of followers, we were singing and dancing while
drunk on wine. Pentheus did not like the strangers, and ordered his guards to imprison all of them.
Pentheus insulted Dionysus, and called him a 'cheating sorcerer'. The prophet Teiresias, who had
already dressed as one of Dionysus's followers gave Pentheus a warning: "The man you reject is a
new god. He is Semele's child, whom Zeus rescued. He and Demeter, are the greatest upon earth for
men." Pentheus laughed at Teiresias, and ordered the guards to continue. The guards' ropes fell
apart, their latches opened, and they realized that they could not imprison Dionysus and his
followers. Dionysus was taken to Pentheus, and tried to explain his worship. Pentheus only listened
to his own anger, and insulted Dionysus. "Dionysus gave up and left Pentheus to his doom. Pentheus
pursued Dionysus followers up into the hills where they had gone after walking away from his
prison. Many of the local women including Pentheus' mother and sister had joined them there. Then
Dionysus appeared to his followers in his most

Cats In Ancient Egypt Research Paper
Cats in Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egyptians considered cats to be sacred. Killing a cat, even by accident could be punishable
by death. About 60 BC, Greek historian, Diodorus Siculus, witnessed a Roman accidentally kill an
Egyptian cat. An outraged mob gathered and killed the Roman despite pleas from their pharaoh. The
Greek historian Herodotus wrote that in the event of a fire, men would guard the fire to make certain
that no cats ran into the flame. Herodotus also wrote that when a cat died, the household would go
into mourning as if for a human relative, and would often shave their eyebrows to signify their loss.
The practice of mummification was extended to cats because of the deep respect the Egyptians had
for them.
They worshipped a Cat

Greek Mythology Essay
Since the beginning of time the people of the world have their share of beliefs. Greek mythology is
the arguably the most popular region of study. In Ancient Greece every citizen had a patron that
would protect them and pantheism was commonplace. The Romans admired the Greeks in their art
and culture and even took different aspects of their gods. Polytheism was widely accepted in all
cultures so the seed of mythology bloomed. The time line of the creations of gods to the end of their
reign is an important factor in Greek Mythology.
Creation
The creation of the gods starts with chaos and from the chaos came the endless gods: Eros, Tartarus,
and Gaea (Love, hell, and the earth). Gaea created Uranus, the first ruler of the sky and Eros ...
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Being unsuccessful, he went up to the heavens to his wife who had another spiteful plan. ("Cronus")
The Fall of Cronus and the Rise of the Olympians Once Zeus was fully grown he returned to his
father's realm and with the help of his mother, hoodwinked Cronus to drink an emetic that made him
disgorge his children (Leadbetter). It was these children: Hades, Poseidon, Hestia, Hera and
Demeter who helped Zeus wage the Titan war against Cronus. The women titans refused to help
Cronus defeat the Olympians and even a few male titans helped aid the Olympians. After ten years
of battles, the Olympians were able to banish the Titans into the Underworld (Titanomachy). It was
after this war that Zeus seized the throne and divided the sky, the underworld, and the sea amongst
him and his brothers. (Hades: the underworld, Poseidon: the sea, and Zeus: the sky.)
Gigantomachy
After the Olympians took rule over the world, Gaea grew upset about the order of things. It was
either because she thought that the Titians were not being treated fairly, or because she felt that she
was being appreciated. Either way, she was angered and decided that she wanted to take over. She
brought forth creations that were birthed to overthrow the Olympians: the Giants. Amongst them
were Typhoon and Echidna (Hatzitsinidou). Typhoon was said to be so tall that his head scrapped
the sky. There is some debate on what he was said to appear to be, but the most popular reference is
that he was

How Does Alexander The Great Create A Perfect Society
Alexander III of Macedon, or as commonly known by the infamous name of Alexander the Great,
had a dream of circumnavigating the world to finally see the ocean from both sides of the world.
There were obstacles that were in between the objective of his conquest, other civilizations that were
very foreign to his people. As commonly done in this current era of the world, the civilizations were
conquered in order to improve on to the current state of another one's empire. Alexander the Great
had intentions that were simple, to civilize the foreign nations and to leave a long lasting legacy
under his name. This task was not easy where he had to explore the middle east, encounter the
challenges that he had to go through, and exchange his model of a perfect society to the conquered
nations. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Alexander was taught the way of combat by his relative grandmother. Due to the concern of peace
and arts in his son, by age 14 Alexander had a tutor by the name of Aristotle. Aristotle taught him for
over four years where he actually became a huge influence in his life where he was ready to spread
the polis ideas onto the newly conquered lands.This took place after Alexander took in charge of the
Macedonian kingdom after his father died when he was twenty years old. However his first proving
ground of military prowess was when he was simply eighteen in his father's army leading as a
general for the right wing of the army in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BCE. The greek's advanced
military tactics combined with Alexander's wit made a lethal combination which drove the attacking
forces to retreat. It was the assassination of King Philip that caused Alexander to inherit the throne,
and ultimately to carry out the conquest of

Physics Of The Catapult
Busch R. Jonathan Period 4
23 February 2017 Busch 1
The Origins And Physics Of The Catapult When we think of catapults we usually imagine them
firing at castle walls during the medieval times, or standing in the background of a large army
clashing with another in an action movie. However, catapults have a long and intricate history that
twists and binds with our own, dating all the way back to 399 B.C. First documented by the Greek
historian, Diodorus Siculus, in the form of an early design for the Ballista (type of catapult).
Catapults were a staple for siege warfare all throughout history. The catapult was used by many
different cultures, notably the Greeks, Roman, and Chinese in siege warfare; also ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The physics concepts associated with them are projectile motion, energy, momentum, forces ,
speeds, and distances. The kinds of catapults all use the same theme of accumulated tension, but
acquire that tension in their own way, their own design. The Mangonel catapult for instance, is what
most of us think of as the traditional catapult. A large wooden device with four wheels and a spoon
that launches fireballs. The Mangonel stores energy much like a spring would, therefore, we use the
equation PEspring = 1/2kx^2. The tension in the ropes and arms of the catapult when pulling on its
long arm stores potential energy which is transformed into kinetic energy when fired upon. (Melvin,
Mangonel – "Physics of Catapults") The speed and distance of the projectile depended on how much
force the catapult applied to the projectile, and the momentum depended on the mass and the
velocity of the projectile (dead diseased cow, or flaming

Tangible Spirit World: Summary
Fig. 30. Andrea, Della Valle Satyr, Capitoline Museums, Italy, believed to be a statuette (telamon) of
Pan, 1534.
Tangible Spirit World
I
n antiquity, people forcefully believed in a tangible spirit world. The practice of being hysterical and
possessed appears to have occurred as an everyday happening and 'being filled with lust' became
known as a sign of having a 'religious experience' described as a 'sacred or divine frenzy.' As
mentioned, even aristocratic, Roman women became shameless during such festivals as
Bacchanalia, by being immersed in possession by the "spirits of lust;" calling the attack as being
overwhelmed with religion. Indeed, the ancient Orphic Hymns connect being "religious" as being
possessed by Pan. Numerous references chiefly recognize Pan as being the main provider of this
'religious' infilling.
According to Iamblichus (245 to 325 B.C., a well respected philosopher, follower of Plato mostly,
and apologist: pagan defender) ancient possession transpired as a continuous incident; specifically,
he describes 'Pan Possession' in his day as if it existed fervidly as something very much within his
reader's experience. Moreover, Iamblichus believed in two types of possession, calling one as ...
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Intrinsically, it is rather significant the numerous ancient sources, there are for Pan. The list
includes: Apollodorus, Diodorus Siculus, Euripides Ficino, Herodotus, Hyginus, Nonnius, Ovid,
Pausanias, Pindar, Plato, Socrates and Statius. The great philosopher, Socrates, wrote a 'Prayer to
Pan' and referred to Pan as the highest god: "Oh dear Pan and all the other Gods of this place grant
that I may be beautiful inside. Let all my external possessions be in friendly harmony with what is
within. May I consider the wise man rich. As for gold, let me have as much as a moderate man could
bear and carry with

How Catapults Were Used In War
History of Catapults: How Catapults Were Used in War
The first documented use of a mechanical arrow, firing catapult was in 399 B.C. by Diodorus
Siculus. They were popular in Europe in the middle ages. Catapults were essential during this time
period because of war. The first catapults were built to increase the range of power of a crossbow.
Manufacture and use of catapults increased popularity of fortified castle and city wall rose greatly.
Many different objects were used to launch in the catapults, but missiles were most common.
Sometimes missiles were launched directly into walls to cause maximum damage to the actual fort
or it was launched over the wall to cause maximum damage to the soldiers inside the fort. All of the
catapults used back in the war were different, but there were three main types, which are Ballista,
Mangonel, and Trebuchet. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ballista is basically a giant crossbow. It is made with two wooden arms with the middle cut out and
attached to a rope. The rope was made out of human hair or animal sinew. It was created to amplify
the range and power of the crossbow. This crossbow catapult had great accuracy, but lacked the
strength the other designs have. Springald was similar to the Ballista design. It was just a much
smaller version. It was used for places for much tighter confines such as castles and towers as an
antipersonnel weapon. The Magonel is the most common catapult. It comes from the Latin word
"manganon" meaning engine of war. It was invented in 400 B.C by the Romans. This catapult was
extremely strong and accurate. It was capable of firing up to 1,300 ft. based on the angle it was
placed. This catapult was easy to build and travel because wheels were added to the

Dbq Roman Citizenship System

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