2. INTRODUCTION
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the
natural environment that cause adverse change.
Pollution can be directly or indirectly linked with
industry, in contrast to other pollution sources.
Introduction of contaminants causes instability,
disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem.
This is one of the worldwide, leading causes of
pollution.
2MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
3. Types of Industrial
Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Noise & Vib. Pollution
Soil Pollution
Thermal Pollution 3MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
4. Industrial Pollution Impact
Global
Acid Rain.
Global Warming
Green House Effect
Ozone Depletion.
Smog
Local
Damage the natural environment and Ecosystems.
Personal
Physiological, Psychological & Pathological effects
Causes Various Diseases.
4MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
6. INTRODUCTION
Any change in Atmosphere that has
harmful effect is called Air Pollution.
Important Air Pollutants are:
Sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ozone,
VOCs, GHGs, THMs and
Airborne particles with radioactive pollutants
(probably among the most destructive ones).
6
MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
8. AIR POLLUTANTS -FACTS
The World Health Organization estimates that
outdoor air pollutants alone accounts for
around 2% of all heart and lung diseases,
about 5% of all lung cancers, and about 1% of
all chest infections.
Every 10 microgram increment in the
concentration of respirable particulate matter
in the air, the risk of death from respiratory
illness increases by 1%.
8MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
9. CAUSES & EFFECTS
Causes
• Natural & Artificial (Man
made)
Volcanic eruption, Forest fires &
Windblown
Industries
Automobiles and Household
combustion / Domestic fuels
High proportion of undesirable
gases (e.g. SO2 & CO)
Dust (Cement, Foundry, Mining)
Mist
Smoke from Industry chimneys
Aerosols
Burning of fossil fuels
Effects
• Global, Local & Personal
Acid Rain.
Global Warming
Green House Effect
Ozone depletion.
Smog
Damage other living organisms
such as food crops.
Damage the natural
environment and Ecosystems.
Discomfort, disease, or death to
humans, animals,
9MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
10. AIR POLLUTION-CONTROL
Administration and Technical Control (All Level).
• Use public mode of transportation: Encourage people to use
public modes of transportation
• Conserve energy: Through good habits (e.g. Switch off fans
and lights when not in use).
• Understand the concept of 3-R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle):
• Emphasis on clean energy resources: Clean
energy technologies like solar, wind and geothermal etc.
• Use energy efficient devices: CFL lights consume less
electricity as against their counterparts & so on.
• Plantation: Metabolize nitrogen oxides and other pollutants .
10MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
12. INTRODUCTION
Through this introduce thousands of
chemical, biological & physical matter into
large water bodies, aquifers and groundwater
that degrade the quality of life.
Water pollution occurs through in adequate
discharged, directly or indirectly into water
bodies.
12MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
13. WATER POLLUTANTS
Detergents.
Volatile Organic Compounds.
Food processing waste.
Pesticides.
Petroleum hydrocarbons, (gasoline, diesel
fuel, jet fuels, and fuel oil).
Lubricants (motor oil).
13MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
16. WATER POLLUTION-CONTROL
Don’t throw paints and oils in water channels.
Use environment friendly household products, such as
washing powder, household cleaning agents etc.
Not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers.
Don’t throw litter into rivers, lakes or oceans. Help clean
up any litter you see on beaches or in rivers and lakes,
make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a
nearby dustbin.
Reduce, Reuse and recycling
Harvesting of rain water to meet water requirements.
Treating effluents before releasing.
16MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
18. INTRODUCTION
• Noise :- is unwanted sound. A sound might be
unwanted because it is:-
» Loud
» Unpleasant or annoying
» Intrusive or distracting
• Noise pollution refers to sounds in the
environment that are caused by humans and
that threaten the health or welfare of human
or animal inhabitants or buildings.
18MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
19. SOURCES OF NOISE POLLUTION
Household Sources.
Social Events
Commercial & Industrial Activities.
Transportation.
19
MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
21. NOISE POLLUTION- CONTROL
• Administrative control of Noise:-
1. Supply Ear Muff, Ear Plug, Helmet,
2. Reduction in waiting Hrs.,
3. Change the shift (circulation),
4. Training to workers,
5. Periodic health checkup.
• Engg. control of Noise :-
1. Use of sound absorbing material (Acoustic material )
2. Isolating the operation cabin,
3. Locating related plants in noiseless areas,
4. Movement of noise machine,
5. Change mfg. process
6. Proper maintenance of the machine/object,
7. Adequate plantation of local trees.
21MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
23. INTRODUCTION
• Soil contamination or soil pollution is caused
by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made)
chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil
environment.
• It is typically caused by
a)Industrial activity
b)Agricultural chemicals
c)Improper disposal of waste.
d) Unorganized activities of society &
industry.
23MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
24. • Petroleum hydrocarbons.
• Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons.
• Pesticides.
• Lead and Other heavy metals.
24
MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
25. SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION
• Active mines
• Solid Wastes, Wastewater
Industrial
Pollution
• Oil spillsOil Pollution
• Pesticides
• Fertilizers
Agricultural
Pollution
25MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
26. CAUSES & EFFECTS
Causes
• Improper disposal of solid &
hazardous waste.
• Application of pesticides and
fertilizers.
• Mining, Oil and fuel dumping.
• Disposal of coal ash .
• Leaching from landfills.
• Discharge of industrial
wastes to the soil.
• Drainage of contaminated
surface water into the soil.
Effects
• Reduce Fertility of Soil.
• Pollute ground water.
• Foul odor.
• Effect soil ecology.
26MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
27. SOIL POLLUTION- CONTROL
• Proper disposing of SW & SHW.
• Treating industrial waste prior to disposal.
• Limiting use of fertilizers and pesticides.
• Minimizing, reusing and recycling wastes.
• Creating awareness about biological control
methods and their proper implementation.
27MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
29. INTRODUCTION
• Thermal pollution is the degradation of water
quality by any process that changes
ambient water temperature .
• Thermal pollution is usually associated with
increases of water temperatures in a stream,
lake, or ocean due to the discharge of heated
water from industrial processes.
29MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
30. SOURCES OF THERMAL POLLUTION
• Industrial wastewater.
• Coal-fired power plant.
• Thermal power plant.
• Domestic sewage.
• Nuclear reactors.
30MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
31. Causes & Effects
Causes
• Water as Cooling Agent
in Power Plant and
other Industries.
• Run off from paved
surfaces.
• Soil Erosion.
• Deforestation.
• Natural Causes.
Effects
• Reduction of Natural
Treating Capacity.
• Decrease in DO Levels.
• Increase in Toxins.
• Loss of Biodiversity.
• Ecological Impact.
• Increases Metabolic
Rate.
• Migration.
31MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
32. Controlling of Thermal Pollution
Cooling Towers.
Cooling Ponds.
Spray Ponds.
32MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
34. INTRODUCTION
• Radioactive substances are those which have
the ability to emit high energy particles like
alpha, beta particles and gamma rays.
• Radioactive pollution increases natural
background radiation emerging from the use
of naturally occurring or artificially produced
radioactive materials.
34MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
35. SOURCES OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
Uranium mining .
Production of nuclear fuel.
Nuclear power reactors.
Use of radionuclide's in industries for various
application.
Nuclear tests carried out by the Defense
Personnel.
Improper disposal of nuclear
waste.
35MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
37. RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION- CONTROL
• Implementation of proper DMP plan for
Constructing Nuclear Power Plants.
• Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon.
• Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear Waste.
• Proper mining for Uranium to a minimal.
37MANTRAS GREEN RESOURCES LTD.
