1.
Feasibility study
Fort
aan
de
Klop,
Utrecht
Attn:
Lodewijk
le
Grand
A
study
concerning
the
sustainable
possibilities
for
forts
in
the
Netherlands,
Executed
by
Marjolijn
Bonnike,
De
Groene
Grachten
on
November
21
th
2014.

2.
2
This
report
is
intellectual
property
of
‘Stichting
De
Groene
Grachten’.
Please
do
not
spread
this
feasibility
study.

3.
3
“Sustainability is not less,
but different and especially
more fun.”
Wubbo Ockels
(1946 – 2014)

4.
4
1. Introduction
This
feasibility
study
concerns
two
forts
in
Utrecht:
‘Fort
aan
de
Klop’
and
‘Fort
de
Gagel’.
The
main
goal
is
to
extract
a
more
general
approach
for
these
special,
monumental
structures.
In
this
document
we
study
Fort
aan
de
Klop.
This
feasibility
study
is
part
of
the
ReFoMo
project.
Refomo
stands
for
‘Reduces
Footprint
Monumental
Structures’
and
is
part
of
Climate
KIC.
Within
this
program
there
are
three
case
studies:
1.
An
old
gasfactory
in
Budapest
(Hungary),
2.
An
university
building
in
Bologna
(Italy)
and
3.
Two
fortresses
in
Utrecht
(The
Netherlands).
When
compared,
these
three
cases
could
generate
common
solutions
for
monuments
and
energy
efficiency
methods.
The
Province
of
Utrecht
asked
De
Groene
Grachten
(‘The
Green
Canals’)
to
establish
the
study
concerning
the
fortresses.
De
Groene
Grachten
is
widely
experienced
in
the
field
of
sustainable
monuments;
our
core
business
is
energy
reduction
and
–generation
in
monuments.
This
expertise
was
shared
through
our
online
‘Green
Menu’
:
www.degroenemenukaart.nl.
In
the
next
paragraphs
you
find
some
more
information
about
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
and
our
approach.
Content
1. Introduction
2. De
Groene
Grachten
3. Present
situation
4. Method
&
concept
5. Potential
measures
6. Conclusion
7. Next
steps
Appendix
A
–
Photographs
Appendix
B
–
Measure
analyse
Appendix
C
–
Data
Analyse

5.
5
2. De Groene Grachten
1
De
Groene
Grachten
Wubbo
Ockels
–
also
a
citizen
of
the
Amsterdam
city
center
–
had
already
started
with
enhancing
sustainability
in
his
own
home.
It
occurred
to
him
that
there
are
lots
of
possibilities
for
monuments,
but
that
it
is
striking
to
see
that
it
is
not
widely
applied.
How
could
he
make
a
difference?
On
the
occasion
of
“400
years
of
Amsterdam
canals”
Wubbo
Ockels
started
in
2012
the
initiative
‘De
Groene
Grachten’.
Its
mission?
Realizing
a
breakthrough
in
enhancing
sustainability
for
monuments
throughout
the
Netherlands.
Now,
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
has
done
projects
for
householders,
hotels
and
company
buildings
of
100
m
2
up
to
more
than
2.500
m
2
.
With
our
sustainable
consultancy
practice
we
hope
to
help
building
owners
to
realize
their
ambition
for
a
more
sustainable
and
comfortable
building.
There
are
5
elements
that
characterize
our
approach
and
strengthen
the
quality
of
our
work:
Research
Through
working
groups
and
research
projects
with
our
partners
we
have
studied
all
sustainable
and
feasible
applications
for
monuments.
Furthermore,
we
started
an
Academy,
called
‘Ockels
Innovation
Space’,
where
youth
is
the
force
behind
the
newest
developments
within
sustainability
in
historical
buildings.
Within
Ockels
Innovation
Space
they
work
with
our
partners
on
projects
that
contribute
to
a
2
sustainable
and
a
‘future-­‐proof’
city.
This
is
how
our
knowledge
keeps
growing
and
how
we
stay
up-­‐to-­‐
date,
and
even
ahead,
of
todays
developments.
Experience
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
focuses
on
sustainability
in
historical
buildings
and
monuments.
Together
with
Stadsherstel
Amsterdam
we
renovated
monuments
sustainably.
Within
these
projects,
like
the
‘Nieuwe
Prinsengracht’
and
the
‘Prins
Hendrikkade’
in
Amsterdam,
we
applied
several
sustainable
applications
such
as
solar
panels,
heating
pumps,
draught
proofing,
window
insulation,
roof
insulation
and
heat
recovery
within
ventilation
and
shower
water.
Furthermore,
we
work
on
special
projects
like
the
realisation
of
‘one
acre
green
roofs’
on
the
roofs
of
Amsterdam
as
well
as
an
innovative
program
that
challenges
solar
PV
producers
to
come
up
with
innovative
solutions
for
monuments.
Pure
motive
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
is
an
independent
non-­‐profit
foundation.
Within
our
projects
we
use
knowledge
that
is
not
provided
by
commercial
interests,
but
only
by
true
expertise.
Furthermore
we
have
no
commercial
interest
in
the
choice
of
partner
for
execution
of
the
work.
However,
we
do
have
a
pool
of
contractors
of
whom
we
know
that
they
deliver
work
of
a
high
quality.

6.
6
3
Complete
approach
Sustainability
is
a
versatile
subject
and
techniques
develop
constantly.
Furthermore,
every
monument
demands
its
own
specific
approach.
What
are
the
wishes
from
the
owners
and/or
users?
What
are
the
possibilities
of
the
building
itself?
These
are
just
two
guidelines
that
give
us
a
direction
within
an
advice.
We
look
at
different
options
within
five
themes
(insulation,
energy,
warmth,
water
and
quick
wins)
and
the
connection
between
the
different
options.
After
an
advice
we
can
also
manage
the
execution.
By
doing
this
we
can
help
you
from
beginning
to
end
and
because
of
this
combination
we
strengthen
as
well
our
advice
as
the
execution.
Our
experience
in
the
execution
improves
our
advice,
because
we
know
how
they
work
out
in
practice.
On
the
other
hand
we
strengthen
the
execution,
because
of
the
acquired
knowledge
and
the
preliminary
work
put
in
the
advice.
Communication
Living
and
working
sustainably
is
a
story
about
the
future.
It
inspires
and
it
moves
people.
That
is
why
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
attempts
to
inspire
people.
We
show
this
at
the
Amsterdam
Solar
Boat
Parade,
an
event
with
all
kinds
of
sustainable
solutions
on
mobility,
lifestyle,
food,
energy
and
many
other
areas.
The
first
edition
in
2013
was
an
enormous
success
with
8.500
visitors
and
a
new
report
by
BBC
news.
The
second
edition
took
place
this
September
and
was
an
4
even
bigger
success
than
the
first
edition.
For
more
information
visit:
www.solarboatparade.nl
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
also
provided
a
tool
that
enables
owners
(of
monuments)
to
get
ready
for
action.
This
tool,
the
‘Green
Menu’,
was
launched
on
March
13th
2014.
People
get
informed,
while
playing,
about
over
more
than
50
sustainable
possibilities.
For
each
possibility
they
see
what
it
means
for
comfort,
how
green
they
are
and
what
the
financial
and
legal
requirements
are.
If
a
certain
sustainable
solution
draws
the
attention
of
the
user,
they
can
add
this
to
their
‘wish
list’.
In
this
way
you
can
directly
compose
your
personal
overview
of
the
possibilities
of
your
interest.
This
Green
Menu
shows
the
results
of
1,5
years
of
research
and
pilots
by
‘De
Groene
Grachten’
in
close
cooperation
with
several
partners
such
as
the
municipality
of
Amsterdam.
This
tool
is
not
only
interesting
for
owners
of
monuments,
but
also
for
everyone
who
wants
to
live
of
work
more
sustainably.
“If
it
is
possible
in
a
monument,
then
it
is
possible
everywhere”,
according
to
Wubbo
Ockels.
Visit:
www.degroenemenukaart.nl

7.
7
3. Present situation
‘Fort aan de Klop’
1
‘Fort
aan
de
Klop’
is
a
characteristic
fort
with
its
main
building
the
‘wachthuis’
(guardhouse)
that
nowadays
functions
as
a
restaurant.
Five
industrial
buildings
surround
the
guardhouse;
three
of
which
are
group
accommodations
combined
with
business
meeting
rooms.
The
other
are
a
storage/installation
room
and
a
sanitary
facility
for
the
camping,
with
extra
space
for
special
events.
Location
Fort
aan
de
Klop
is
a
part
of
a
Dutch
defensive
line,
the
so
called
‘Nieuwe
Hollandse
Waterlinie’.
This
is
a
military
defense
line
from
the
nineteenth
century.
It
used
to
be
an
area
that
could
be
flooded
on
purpose,
bringing
the
enemies
to
a
stop.
At
the
moment
this
‘Water
line’
is
a
green,
recreational
area,
where
the
fortresses
like
Fort
aan
de
Klop
host
modern
functions.
Fort
aan
de
Klop
is
situated
in
the
North-­‐
West
of
Utrecht.
The
old
guardhouse
became
a
restaurant,
where
the
artillery
sheds
became
group
accommodations
and
places
for
events.
2
Building
characteristics
The
fortress
was
built
in
1850.
The
Guarhouse
is
the
most
characteristic
building
of
the
fortress.
However,
almost
all
buildings
on
the
premises
are
monumental.
Modern
functions,
like
the
restaurant,
are
now
accommodated
in
the
Guardhouse.
Since
all
earlier
renovations
have
been
done
with
an
eye
for
the
historic
values,
it
remains
a
beautifully
historic
place.
A
specific
characteristic
of
forts
in
general
are
the
thick
walls.
As
guardhouses
were
a
place
for
hiding
when
the
enemy
surrounded
them,
the
walls
are
at
least
a
meter
thick.
The
guardhouse
at
Fort
aan
de
Klop
has
a
radial
shape
with
arches
forming
the
inside
space.
The
tables
of
the
restaurant
are
placed
in
several
radial
rooms.
In
the
middle
there
is
a
so
called
‘druipkoker’,
which
collected
rainwater
for
the
people
hiding
in
the
guardhouse.
Currently
it
is
not
in
use,
except
for
ventilation
air
outlet.
Soil,
pebbles
and
grass
cover
the
roof
of
the
guardhouse.
The
basement
accommodates
some
bats,
so
the
climate
of
the
basement
is
strictly
separated
from
the
climate
of
the
restaurant.
The
walls
have
small,
single
glazed
windows
in
a
frame
of
steal.
The
windows
are
set
back
in
the
wall.
Besides
the
guardhouse
there
are
some
industrial
buildings
that
used
to
be
the
artillery
sheds.
Three
of
them
are
group
accommodations.
During
the
renovation
these
sheds
were
insulated
and
provided
with
floor
heating.
The
other
buildings
are
less
used
or
are
used
for
storage
and
installations.

8.
8
3
Use
of
the
building
(present
and
future)
Currently
in
use
is
a
restaurant
in
combination
with
group
accommodations
and
a
camping.
The
fort
is
open
all
year
around,
with
summer
and
spring
as
high
season.
The
restaurant
owner
indicates
that
their
up
time
is
around
3000
hours
a
year.
This
is
more
or
less
8
hours
a
day
every
day
of
the
week
all
year
around,
with
more
hours
in
high
season
and
less
in
winter.
Business
is
going
well
for
the
restaurant
and
group
accommodations.
The
camping
activity
something
that’s
done
on
the
side.
The
restaurant
menu
offers
a
wide
range
of
organic
food.
The
entrepreneur
says
that
the
ambition
is
to
purchase
only
organic
food,
as
long
as
it
is
financially
sound.
This
is
easiest
for
meat.
Organic
fish
is
available
occasionally
and
organic
fruit
and
vegetables
are
too
expensive
to
purchase.
Nonetheless,
this
could
be
an
interesting
item
to
close
the
loop
for
the
restaurant.
They
do
grow
some
herbs
already,
but
this
could
be
expanded.
The
entrepreneur
also
pointed
out
that
the
energy
audit
(‘MKB
advies’)
was
very
helpful,
because
it
had
a
very
practical
approach.
However,
not
much
has
been
done
since
then.
The
restaurant
owner
does
have
the
ambition
to
replace
all
lights
for
LED
and
combine
all
cooling
in
one
cooling
cell.
Wishes
of
the
users
As
a
rentee,
the
restaurant/group
accomodations
owner
has
the
ambition
to
pursue
a
more
sustainable
4
business
strategy.
He
thinks
it
is
part
of
how
we
live
and
work
nowadays
and
should
be
a
subject
for
every
entrepreneur.
However,
financially
it
must
also
be
interesting.
So
he
is
interested
in
those
sustainable
applications
that
have
a
positive
return
on
investment.
The
entrepreneur
does
not
have
complaints
concerning
comfort,
as
the
fort
was
renovated
in
2005
with
a
comfortable
environment
as
its
primary
goal.
However,
the
subsequent
energy
use
was
largely
ignored.
So
he
thinks
there
is
a
lot
to
win
here.
For
example:
the
main
space
of
the
restaurant
has
a
radial
form.
Connected
to
this
space
are
several
radial
rooms
where
people
can
sit
to
have
dinner.
Not
all
alcoves
are
occupied
simultaneously.
All
alcoves
are,
however,
heated
simultaneously.
Separate
and
instant
heating
as
guests
arrive
to
their
table,
could
therefore
have
high
gains.

9.
9
The
Guardhouse
m
2
R-­‐value
Surfaces
Walls
(1
meter
thick)
265.6
1.235
Roof
(green
roof)
297.3
1.102
Floor
138.99
2.15
Windows
(single
glazed)
13.6
0.512
The
Guardhouse
m
3
Volume
Guardhouse
591.4
5
Current
energy
use
-­‐
Fort
aan
de
Klop
Energy:
70,264
kWh,
€8,905
(0,13
eurocent/kWh)
Gas:
12,958
m
3
gas,
€6,666
(0,51
eurocent/m
3
)
Water:
1,019
m
3
water,
€1,732
(€1,70/m
3
)
Current
energy
use
–
Guardhouse
The
Guardhouse
is
the
largest
and
most
historic
building
of
the
whole
premises.
The
feasibility
study
will
focus
on
this
guardhouse.
However,
a
plan
for
the
group
accommodations
will
be
added,
but
in
less
detail.
The
scheme
at
the
right
gives
an
idea
of
the
surfaces
of
the
Guardhouse
and
the
current
thermal
resistance
(R-­‐value)
of
the
structures.
The
higher
the
R-­‐value
,
the
better
the
insulation
is.
For
example,
the
scheme
already
points
out
that
the
single
glazed
windows
are
a
weak
point.
On
the
next
page
you
can
see
a
detailed
overview
of
the
current
energy
use
of
the
buildings
of
the
fort
and
the
Guardhouse
in
specific.
This
scheme
also
shows
the
total
amount
of
CO2
emissions
caused
by
the
current
energy
use.
This
amount
needs
to
decline
by
pursuing
sustainable
measures.
Kitchen
appliances,
product
cooling
and
lighting
consume
most
electricity
of
the
guardhouse.
In
case
of
the
group
accommodations,
most
energy
is
consumed
by
the
circulations
pumps
for
the
floor
heating.
This
adds
focus
to
our
study.
6
A
large
part
of
the
gas
use
goes
to
heating.
The
focus
point
will
therefore
be
how
to
reduce
the
gas
use
on
one
hand
by
reducing
the
need
(e.g.
increase
insulation)
and
on
the
other
hand
to
find
more
sustainable
ways
of
heating.
The
latter
is
also
a
pretty
obvious
direction
for
the
group
accommodations,
as
these
have
already
been
insulated.
This
would
closely
fit
with
the
existing
floor
heating
system
that
in
itself
is
already
more
sustainable
way
of
heating.
The
systems
uses
a
lower
heating
temperature
than
conventional
radiators,
consequently
reducing
the
energy
need.
However,
this
also
is
an
excellent
opportunity
to
place
a
more
sustainable
installation
at
the
backend.

10.
10
The
Guardhouse
-­‐
Energy
usage/consumption
Gas
Gas
usage
(m
3
)-­‐space
heating
2,000
Gas
usage
(m
3
)-­‐water
heating
200
Gas
usage
(m
3
)-­‐kitchen
2,045
Total
gas
usage
(m
3
)
4,245
Gas
bill
(€):
0.51/m
3
2,165
CO2
emissions
(kg):
1.76
kg/m
3
gas
7,471
Electricity
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐space
heating
0
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐ventilation
2,500
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐kitchen
30,000
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐production
2,500
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐production
cooling
16,000
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐lighting
3,365
Electricity
usage
(kWh)-­‐other
equipment
264
Total
electricity
usage
(kWh)
54,629
Electricity
bill
(€):
0.13/kWh
7,102
CO2
emissions
(kg):
0.57
kg/kWh
31,139
Total
CO2
emissions
(kg)
38,610
Energy
usage
2012*
Guardhouse
Building
D
Building
E
Building
F
Camping
TOTAL
Gas
usage
(m3)
4,245
2,540
2,995
2,540
638
12,958
Gas
bill
(€)
€
2,165
€
1,295
€
1,527
€
1,295
€
325
€
6,609
Electricity
usage
(kWh)
54,629
4,271
5,551
5,091
2,000
71,543
Electricity
bill
(€)
€
7,102
€
555
€
722
€
662
€
260
€
9,301
CO2
(
kg)
38,610
6,905
8,435
7,372
2,263
63,585
*
The
division
between
the
different
buildings
is
unknown,
this
assumption
is
based
on
existing
data.

11.
11
4. Method & Concept
1
The
ambition
is
to
realise
not
only
a
sustainable
plan
for
this
fort,
but
also
a
more
general
approach
as
a
blueprint
for
other
forts
within
and
far
beyond
the
Netherlands.
Besides
many
similarities,
fortresses
do
differ
a
lot.
The
functions
that
the
fortresses
host,
vary
from
a
restaurant
to
offices
and
everything
in
between.
The
entrepreneurs
and
their
business
differ,
so
this
should
be
considered
when
creating
a
generic
plan.
The
ambition
and
the
financial
possibilities
of
the
entrepreneur
are
an
essential
element
in
what
could
be
done.
That
is
why
we
set
up
a
method
that
contains
four
scenarios
for
each
fortress,
considering
the
current
situation
(scenario
D)
as
the
starting
point.
The
image
on
the
left
shows
this
concept
schematically.
The
scenarios
are
supplementary
to
each
other.
When
moving
from
scenario
D
to
scenario
A,
the
sustainable
ambition
becomes
higher
with
each
‘scenario-­‐
step’.
At
the
same
time
the
suggested
measures
tend
to
be
more
integrated
and
the
system
is
expected
to
be
more
and
more
self-­‐sufficient.
Scenario
D:
Present
situation
This
is
an
description
of
the
current
state.
For
instance,
the
fort
has
toilets
with
a
dual
flush
and
energy
saving
showerheads,
which
saves
water
and
gas.
A
summary
can
be
found
in
chapter
3.
2
Scenario
C:
first
steps
in
energy
reduction
In
2012
an
energy
audit
was
performed
by
‘MKB
advise’.
This
advice
gave
practical,
yet
very
generic
tips
to
reduce
the
energy
bill.
Examples
are
the
use
of
LED
instead
of
incandescent
lamps
and
having
one
cooling
space
instead
of
several
freezers.
These
measures
can
be
found
in
the
scheme
on
the
next
page.
Scenario
B:
a
giant
leap
forward
Scenario
B
offers
a
more
integrated
approach
in
energy
reduction
and
generation.
However,
still
taking
into
account
current
systems.
We
are
looking
to
“add-­‐ons”
that
make
a
difference.
Scenario
A:
Towards
energy
independence
This
scenario
has
the
highest
possible
ambition
within
the
field
of
currently
proven
technologies.
This
scenario
tends
to
seek
the
boundaries
of
what
is
possible
technically,
financially
and
legally/aesthetically.
Added
benefits
The
ambition
is
not
only
to
reduce
energy,
but
also
to
create
an
attractive
example
of
sustainability.
The
designs
should
also
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
number
of
visitors.
Water
is
historically
seen
an
interesting
theme
to
work
with.
Once,
it
was
at
the
core
of
how
the
forts
connected
to
one
defence
line
in
Holland.
It
determined
the
total
layout
of
the
forts.
Therefore
we
will
seek
for
measures
that
explicitly
use
water
and
the
green
surroundings
and
side
buildings.
D.
Current
situation
C.
First
step
to
energy
reduction
B.
A
leap
forward
A.
Towards
autarky

12.
12
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A
Energy
Contract
Choose)a)green)energy)contract)(windenergy)
from)Holland,)"ecogas")
Generation) or Place)solar)panels)for)generation)of)electricity or
P
p
Lightning
All)buildings Replace)lighting)for)LED)lightning
Outside) Replace)building)site)lightning)for)LED
Smart)control
use)motion)sensors)for)lightning)where)it)is)
convenient;)toilets,)hallways,)storage)space
Insulation
Guardhouse Place)secondary)glazing and
Draughtproofing)of)doors)and)windows)and)
other)connections
Heating
Building)heating)
Group)accomodations:)optimalisize)the)timing)
of)the)floor)heating,)set)a)time)clock)on)the)
circulation)pumps)for)heating
and
Guardhouse:)Infrared)heating)
Group+accomodations:)Elga)heating)pump
or
1
2
Water)heating Place)solar)boilers
Ventilation
Guardhouse
Present)situation:)air)handling)unit)on)the)roof)
with)an)heat)exhanger,)existing)air)holes)for)
inlet)and)outlet,)CO2)sensor.
Place)inducing)grids)at)the)inside)of)air)inlet)
holes)to)increase)the)comfort)level
Group)accomodations
D)and)E)have)only)mechanical)outlet.)F)has)vent)
holes)for)natural)inlet)and)mechanical)outlet.
Also)ensure)vent)holes)for)inlet)of)air)in)D)and)E and
C
se
Water
Water)saving)equipment toilets)with)dual)flush)(present)
water)saving)showr)heads,)flow)stop)for)water)
taps,)shower)coach,)water)reducement)toilets
Rainwater)reuse water)tank)for)watering)plants and
Reuse)of)rainwater)for)the)toilels)(rainwater)
collecting)in)the)old)'druipkoker')
or
R
is
Water)&)education Water)playground)for)children
Green
Cultivate small)kitchen)garden)(present) or
a)small)greenhouse))with)hydroponics)or)even)
aquaponics)(also)with)breeding)fish)
and
C
p
Usage
Green)purchases
install)one)big)cooling)device,)set)the)right)
temperature)and)defrost)the)freezer)regularly
and
Responsable)purchases:)biodegradable)cleaning)
liquid,)biological)food,)A+++)devices,)etcetera
and U
Waste
Waste))seperation)system)and)reuse)of)
compostable)waste)for)the)green)surroundings
Social)impact
Smart)use/control
appoint)someone)who)is)in)charge)of)the)energy)
use
and
P
cr

13. Scenario)B Scenario)A
A:)Towards)autonomy Choice Choice
B B
Place)the)maximum)amount)of)solar)panels)
possible B A
C C
B B
C C
B B
1.)Gas)absorptionNheatin)gpump
2.)Biomass)stove
B A
B B
B B
Combine)the)mechanical)outlet)with)CO2N)
ensors)or)moist)sensors B A
B B
Reuse)of)toiletwater)with)a)helophyte)filter)(fort)
s)of)the)sewage)system) B A
B B
Create)a)sustainable)parking)lot)(half)
pavement/half)green)and)electric)carstations B A
Use)biological)paint)for)maintenance
B A
B A
Place)energymangers)in))group)accomodation)to)
reate)awareness)under)visitors C A
13
Scenario)B Scenario)A
) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice Choice
nergy)
B B
tricity or
Place)the)maximum)amount)of)solar)panels)
possible B A
C C
B B
C C
and)
B B
mp
or
1.)Gas)absorptionNheatin)gpump
2.)Biomass)stove
B A
B B
nlet)
B B
D)and)E and
Combine)the)mechanical)outlet)with)CO2N)
sensors)or)moist)sensors B A
water)
toilets B B
ater)
or
Reuse)of)toiletwater)with)a)helophyte)filter)(fort)
is)of)the)sewage)system) B A
B B
r)even)
and
Create)a)sustainable)parking)lot)(half)
pavement/half)green)and)electric)carstations B A
cleaning)
etera
and Use)biological)paint)for)maintenance
B A
ndings B A
and
Place)energymangers)in))group)accomodation)to)
create)awareness)under)visitors C A

14.
14
1
Scenario
C:
First
steps
in
energy
reduction
Scenario
C
presents
a
series
of
simple
measures
for
Fortress
aan
de
Klop
in
order
to
reduce
the
energy
consumption.
Most
of
the
measures
are
based
on
the
energy
audit
(“MKB
advies”).
The
energy
performance
of
the
fortress
can
be
improved
in
the
following
aspects:
smart
energy
saving
tips,
energy
generation,
lighting,
insulation,
ventilation,
heating
and
water.
In
general
In
Scenario
C
we
propose
smart
saving
measures,
drawing
on
the
‘MKB
advies’.
For
instance
we
suggest
adding
secondary
glazing
to
the
existing
windows
and
replace
the
lighting
for
LED
bulbs.
The
measures
in
scenario
C
are
mainly
quick
wins
that
can
be
implemented
easily
and
require
a
relatively
low
investment.
Scale
of
the
Fort
area
(with
group
accommodations)
Lighting
Currently,
the
lighting
in
forts
mainly
depends
on
traditional
light
bulbs,
which
can
be
replaced
by
the
energy-­‐efficient
LED
bulbs.
A
wide
range
of
LED
bulbs
have
been
available
on
the
market
for
various
locations
and
functions.
With
careful
choices
of
the
2
LED
bulbs,
the
electricity
consumption
of
lighting
could
be
significantly
reduced
and
the
payback
period
would
be
less
than
3
years.
Additionally,
motion
sensors
would
be
of
help
to
avoid
unnecessary
energy
use
in
toilets,
hallways
and
storages.
Ventilation
The
mechanical
ventilation
system
in
the
guardhouse
is
not
in
use
and
the
group
accommodations
only
have
mechanical
air
outlet.
Natural
ventilation
is
therefore
important.
It
can
provide
sufficient
air
exchange
between
the
internal
and
external
environment.
In
this
scenario,
it
is
suggested
to
make
use
of
natural
ventilation
through
draughts
and
through
opening
windows
and
doors.
Heating
The
heating
of
the
group
accommodations
depends
on
a
floor
heating
system.
Floor
heating
is
an
efficient
low
temperature
heating
system,
which
is
more
efficient
than
the
traditional
way
of
radiator
heating.
However,
the
circulation
pumps
of
the
floor
heating
are
constantly
working.
Given
the
group
accommodations
are
not
always
occupied,
it
is
wise
to
set
a
time
clock
on
the
circulation
pumps
of
floor
heating
in
order
to
avoid
excessive
energy
use.
Water
There
are
some
smart
water
saving
measures
that
C.1.
4.1 Scenario C

15.
15
3
can
be
implemented
in
Fort
aan
de
Klop.
The
fort
can
also
make
use
of
the
rainwater
by
using
a
water
tank
to
collect
the
rainwater
and
use
it
to
water
plants
in
the
small
garden.
Usage
Smart
energy
saving
tips
are
the
easiest
way
to
save
energy
with
little
financial
or
technical
support.
In
this
case,
a
series
of
smart
energy
saving
advices
is
given.
For
example;
defrosting
the
freezer
regularly,
replacing
the
old
separate
freezers/refrigerators
with
one
big
cooling
equipment
and
set
the
suitable
temperature
of
the
cooling
equipment.
Social
impact
Before
starting
to
implement
any
of
the
energy
saving
measures,
it
is
necessary
to
appoint
an
“energy
manager”
who
will
be
in
charge
of
the
energy
use
in
Fortress
aan
de
Klop.
Often,
even
good
plans
of
energy
conservation
cannot
reach
satisfactory
results
due
to
a
lack
of
sufficient
attention
or
determination.
The
energy
manager
is
responsible
for
raising
awareness
of
energy
saving
as
well
as
supervising
the
implementation
of
energy
saving
measures.
The
guardhouse
Insulation
Window
insulation
would
reduce
heat
loss
through
the
single-­‐glazed
windows
in
the
guardhouse.
4
Although
it
is
not
permitted
to
replace
the
existing
monumental
windows
with
HR++
glass,
secondary
glazing
could
be
an
option.
Wherea
window
is
installed
parallel
to
the
existing
single-­‐glazed
window,
resulting
in
enhanced
thermal
performance
of
the
window.
The
installation
of
secondary
glazing
could
reduce
124m
3
gas
consumption
per
year,
which
is
5%
of
the
heating
energy
use
in
the
guardhouse.
Heating
The
thermo-­‐regulator
of
the
guardhouse
is
installed
in
the
kitchen
where
the
temperature
appears
always
higher
than
in
the
dining
area.
This
leads
to
inefficient
heating
as
the
temperature
needs
to
be
set
a
few
degrees
higher
in
order
to
heat
up
the
dining
area
of
the
restaurant,
which
is
one
of
the
main
complains
for
the
entrepreneur.
So
the
‘MKB
advies’
suggest
relocating
the
thermo-­‐regulator
in
the
dining
area,
preferably
in
the
center,
instead
of
in
the
kitchen.
Green
Fortress
aan
de
Klop
has
a
small
kitchen
garden
in
the
kitchen,
which
fits
the
green
orientation
of
the
entrepreneur’s
ambition.
The
herbs
grown
in
the
kitchen
garden
could
be
used
as
for
cooking.
This
is
a
smart
way
to
show
the
tourists
the
mission
of
the
fortress
to
become
sustainable.
C.2.

16.
16
1
Scenario
B:
a
leap
forward
Scenario
B
involves
a
range
of
more
complex
measures
to
achieve
big
improvements
of
energy
saving
and
sustainability
in
Fort
aan
de
Klop.
Suggestions
are
proposed
based
on
Scenario
C,
which
can
provide
a
better
basis
for
the
fortress
to
implement
more
actions
in
many
aspects,
such
as
energy
generation,
insulation,
heating
system,
ventilation
and
water
use,
etcetera.
In
general
In
Scenario
B,
more
energy-­‐efficient
measures
will
be
implemented
to
bring
about
significant
effects
in
energy
consumption
reduction.
The
entrepreneur
could
switch
to
a
green
energy
suppier.
The
heating
system
needs
to
be
replaced
with
a
more
sustainable
one,
such
as
infrared
heating
or
an
heat
pump.
A
small
greenhouse
combined
with
hydroponics
or
aquaponics
system
could
be
an
interesting
measure
to
make
the
fortress
area
“greener”
and
attractive
to
the
tourists.
Scale
of
the
Fort
area
(with
group
accommodations)
Energy
In
Scenario
C,
it
is
proposed
to
use
solar
panels
to
generate
electricity
on
the
south
side
of
building
D,
E
B.1.
4.2 Scenario B
2
and
F.
Another
option
is
to
sign
a
“green
energy
contract”
with
a
green
energy
supplier,
which
provides
energy
generated
from
renewable
sources
such
as
wind
or
biogas.
It
is
a
commitment
to
reduce
the
GHG
(greenhouse
gas)
emissions.
Lighting
As
suggested
in
Scenario
C,
all
the
light
bulbs
will
be
replaced
with
LED
bulbs
in
combination
with
motion
sensors
in
toilets,
hallways
and
storage
space.
And
with
LED
for
the
outside
lanterns.
Ventilation
Mechanical
outlet
of
air
is
present
in
the
group
accommodations.
However,
inlet
of
air
is
mainly
relying
on
natural
ventilation
through
open
windows.
So
here
we
would
propose
to
create
holes
for
air
inlet,
through
which
air
can
enter
in
a
natural
way.
Heating
Hot
tap
water
Solar
boilers
can
provide
hot
water
for
the
fort.
It
is
an
interesting
option
to
heat
up
water
with
solar
energy.
It
this
way,
a
large
amount
of
energy
could
be
saved.
Space
heating
For
the
group
accommodation,
a
more
efficient
way
of
heating
is
to
place
an
ELGA
heat
pump
system.
An
ELGA
heat
pump
is
a
combination
of
an
electric
heat
pump
and
a
gas-­‐fired
boiler.
The
heat
pump
will

17.
17
3
provide
the
heat
demand
for
space
heating
and
the
boiler
will
deliver
the
extra
heat
demand
for
water
heating
and
for
extreme
weather
conditions.
Water
Water
saving
equipment
such
as
water
saving
shower
heads
and
flow
stops
for
the
water
taps
could
be
used
to
achieve
more
efficient
use
of
water
in
the
fort.
Besides,
rainwater
could
be
collected
(with
the
old
“druipkoker”
in
the
guardhouse)
and
reused
for
flushing
the
toilets.
Considering
that
Fortress
aan
de
Klop
is
built
along
the
Dutch
waterline,
it
would
be
interesting
to
build
a
symbolic
water
playground
for
the
children.
Green
To
show
the
sustainable
ambition,
a
small
greenhouse
in
combination
with
a
hydroponics
or
aquaponics
system,
could
be
a
good
idea.
A
closed
loop
is
created
here:
fish
are
fed
with
kitchen
waste
and
the
humus
produced
by
the
fish
will
be
used
to
cultivate
the
plants
in
the
greenhouse.
Usage
&
waste
Here
one
can
think
of
responsible
purchase
of
food
(biological),
devices
(A+++)
and
other
equipment.
Furthermore
biodegradable
and
environmentally
friendly
cleaning
agents
can
be
used,
instead
of
for
example
chorine.
It
is
also
suggested
to
establish
a
simple
waste
separation
system
so
that
the
compostable
waste
could
be
reused
as
fertilizer
for
the
green
surroundings
and
the
plants
in
the
greenhouse.
4
The
guardhouse
Insulation
In
addition
to
the
secondary
glazing
proposed
in
Scenario
C,
draught
proofing
could
be
added
to
the
entire
buildings
envelope,
sealing
the
gaps
or
cracks
in
the
walls,
doors,
windows
and
other
connections.
This
would
improve
the
air
tightness
of
the
guardhouse,
leading
to
a
lower
air
exchange
rate
and
the
heat
loss
through
the
building
envelope.
Heating
Space
heating
does
not
always
have
to
gas-­‐based.
Infrared
heating
is
an
interesting
alternative,
replacing
the
radiator
heating
in
the
guardhouse.
It
can
be
a
more
energy
efficient
way
of
heating,
in
comparison
with
the
existing
heating
system.
Infrared
panels
that
convert
electricity
to
infrared
radiation,
to
heat
up
the
space
quickly
when
needed.
This
technology
is
suitable
for
focused
heating
and
achieves
its
energy
saving
potential
best
that
way.
Ventilation
The
Guardhouse
has
an
air
hole
for
air
inlet
in
every
radial
room.
The
restaurant
owner
experienced
that
draught
can
be
caused
around
these
holes.
However,
these
ventilation
holes
do
need
to
exist.
To
improve
the
comfort
we
propose
to
install
inducing
grids
at
the
holes,
so
the
air
inlet
will
be
spread
more
horizontally
into
the
room,
instead
of
vertically,
which
currently
decreases
the
level
of
comfort.
B.2.

18.
18
1
Scenario
A:
Towards
energy
independence
Scenario
A
aims
to
create
an
energy
independent
future
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop.
On
top
of
the
energy-­‐efficiency
gains
of
Scenario
C
and
Scenario
B,
this
scenario
proposes
deeper
commitment
to
become
less
energy
independent.
In
this
section,
a
set
of
measures
is
proposed
to
realize
that
goal.
Most
of
these
measures
do
need
a
higher
level
of
financial
and
technical
support.
In
general
In
Scenario
A,
the
focus
is
on
clean
energy
generation
and
highly
efficient
energy
use
in
combination
with
the
green
surrounding,
making
Fort
aan
de
Klop
a
sustainable
system.
Two
alternatives
for
a
highly
efficient
and
sustainable
heating
system
-­‐
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
and
biomass
stove
-­‐
are
presented.
A
helophyte
filter
will
be
built,
which
functions
as
a
sewage
treatment
system
and
the
clarified
wastewater
can
be
reused
in
the
toilets.
Also,
a
special
parking
lot
could
be
created
for
electric
cars.
Furthermore,
we
suggest
to
install
an
energy
monitoring
system
to
keep
track
of
the
energy
use
systematically,
so
that
new
opportunities
of
energy
saving
could
be
discovered.
4.3 Scenario
A
A.1.
2
Integral
system:
Guardhouse
and
group
accommodations
Energy
We
propose
to
install
solar
panels
on
the
guardhouse
(additional
to
the
solar
panels
on
building
D,
E
and
F
of
scenario
B),
in
addition
to
the
green
energy
contract
that
was
proposed
earlier
scenarios.
Heating
A
biomass
stove
heating
system
could
be
a
good
alternative
for
the
existing
heating
system
of
Fortress
aan
de
Klop.
A
biomass
stove
uses
wooden
pellets
as
a
primary
energy
source.
The
CO2
footprint
of
wood
pellet
is
much
lower
than
traditional
energy
source
such
as
gas
and
electricity.
An
alternative
is
the
installation
of
a
gas
absorption-­‐
heating
pump
(GAPH).
A
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
in
combination
with
low
temperature
radiators
is
an
highly
efficient
heating
system.
A
GAHP
is
fired
by
natural
gas
and
makes
use
of
a
renewable
energy
source
such
as
in
this
case,
air.
The
heating
efficiency
of
a
GAHP
system
is
very
high
and
can
significantly
reduce
the
energy
consumption
for
heating.
Both
proposed
systems
could
replace
the
heating
installations
for
the
whole
fort,
including
the
group
accommodations
as
well
as
the
guardhouse.

19.
19
3
Ventilation
For
the
group
accommodations
we
propose
CO2
and
moist
sensors
for
respectively
living/main
rooms
and
bathrooms.
This
ensures
the
quality
of
the
inner
climate
as
well
as
an
efficient
use
of
the
ventilation
(only
when
needed
according
to
the
air
levels).
Water
In
this
highly
sustainable
scenario,
a
helophyte
filter
would
an
interesting
option
for
sewage
clarification,
as
it
is
a
completely
natural.
The
helophyte
filter
can
clean
the
water
with
certain
types
of
plants
and
bacteria
that
grow
in
the
filter.
The
quality
of
the
treated
water
becomes
harmless
to
the
environment
and
it
can
be
reused
for
flushing
toilets
and
watering
plants.
Green
A
sustainable
parking
lot
will
be
created
in
the
green
surroundings.
Parking
spaces
can
literally
be
green
by
using
grass
tiles
instead
of
pavement.
As
a
positive
side
effect,
the
parking
space
for
electric
cars
boosts
the
green
image
of
the
Fort.
Solar
carports
can
generate
the
electricity
for
the
cars.
Usage
In
terms
of
maintenance,
it
is
better
to
use
sustainable
biological
paint
instead
of
harmful
chemical
materials
when
renovation
or
repair
is
required.
4
Social
impact
An
energy
monitoring
system
is
proposed
for
the
group
accommodations
to
monitor
and
show
the
exact
energy
consumption.
This
monitoring
system
can
be
used
to
create
awareness
of
energy
use
under
visitors
and
it
can
highlight
further
energy
saving
opportunities.
Lighting
See
scenario
C
and
B.
No
additions
in
scenario
A.
A.2.

20.
20
5. Potential measures
1
The
different
scenarios
are
an
addition
to
each
other
in
many
ways.
The
first
step
to
a
more
sustainable
fortress
(scenario
C)
is
the
energy
audit
done
by
‘MKB
advies’.
We
propose
a
much
more
ambitious
and
tailor
made
set
of
measures
and
therefore
focus
on
scenario
B
and
A.
On
the
next
pages
we
will
discuss
the
sustainable
options
within
the
different
themes
(energy,
lighting,
insulation,
heating,
ventilation,
water,
green,
usage
&
social
impact)
for
the
different
scenarios,
based
on
the
table
on
page
12
&
13.
2
Fort
aan
de
Klop
–
Scenarios
5.1.
Energy
5.1.B.
Scenario
B
5.2.
Lighting
5.2.B.
Scenario
B
5.3.
Insulation
5.3.B.
Scenario
B
5.4.
Heating
5.4.B.
Scenario
B
5.4.A.
Scenario
A
5.5.
Ventilation
5.5.B.
Scenario
B
5.5.A.
Scenario
A
5.6.
Water
5.6.B.
Scenario
B
5.6.A.
Scenario
A
5.7.
Green
5.7.C.
Scenario
C
5.7.B.
Scenario
B
5.7.A.
Scenario
A

21.
21
5.1 Energy
1
Here
we
give
a
short
introduction
on
the
proposed
scenarios
within
the
energy
theme.
On
the
next
pages
the
measures
will
be
explained
one
by
one.
Scenario
C
The
‘MKB
advies’
proposes
to
place
solar
panels
for
generation
of
electricity.
One
side
of
the
group
accommodations
is
orientated
on
the
south
and
could
be
suitable.
The
area
itself
is
assigned
as
2
protected
landscape,
but
the
group
accommodations
itself
are
not
appointed
as
a
monument
and
offer
opportunities
for
solar
energy
production.
However,
shadow
of
the
trees
must
be
taken
into
account.
Scenario
B
Scenario
B
is
an
addition
to
scenario
C
and
looks
for
more
possibilities
to
place
solar
energy.
The
surplus
need
of
energy
that
cannot
be
produced
by
solar
panels,
can
instead
be
supplied
by
a
green
energy
company.
3
Scenario
A
We
have
looked
at
the
possibility
of
generating
electricity
by
wind
turbines.
Sizes
range
from
15
meters
high
for
urban
wind
turbines
up
to
150
meters
for
rural
use.
However,
they
appeared
to
be
less
cost
effective
than
solar
panels.
You
can
find
more
information
in
Appendix
B.
Eventually
solar
panels
in
combination
with
a
green
energy
contract
is
the
most
ambitious,
in
relation
to
financial
feasibility.
Scenario
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice
Energy
Contract
Choose)a)green)energy)contract)(windenergy)
from)Holland,)"ecogas") B
Generation) or Place)solar)panels)for)generation)of)electricity or
Place)the)maximum)amount)of)solar)panels)
possible B

22.
22
5.1.B Energy
5.1.B
Green
energy
contract
The
most
sustainable
energy
companies
of
2014
are
listed
by
a
cooperation
of
7
partners,
including
‘de
Consumentenbond’,
WNF
and
CE
Delft.
Gazprom
is
not
mentioned
in
this
list.
However,
Gazprom
gets
his
energy
from
gas,
coal
and
nuclear
energy.
Energy
from
wind,
sun
or
other
natural
sources
are
not
included.
So
more
sustainable
options
are
possible,
like
the
top
of
the
sustainable
energy
list:
1.
Windunie,
2.
Raedthuys,
3.
HVC
Energie,
4.
Eneco,
5.
DONG
Energie,
6.
Greenchoice
and
7.
MKB
energiebeheer.
Green
energy
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop
Current
energy
provider
can
be
greener,
but
there
is
even
a
possibility
that
the
energy
bill
can
be
lower.
The
end
date
of
the
Gazprom
contract
is
30-­‐04-­‐2015,
so
a
new
contract
is
possible
in
the
near
future.
We
have
good
experiences
with
‘MKB
Energiebeheer’,
who
are
specialists
in
collective
procurement.
That
is
why
they
can
arrange
lower
rates,
than
you
could
on
your
own.
Furthermore
they
assure
the
lowest
rates
every
year.
Once
your
contract
is
up
for
renewal,
they
will
make
you
a
new
offer.
Your
contract
can
therefore
not
be
silently
extended
by
a
year
one
the
same
or
higher
rates.
The
offer
of
MKB
energiebeheer
is
visible
on
the
next
page.
Price
Netto
savings
in
comparison
to
current
energy
rates
at
Gazprom
will
be
€411
(excluding
VAT).
Usage
MKB
Energie*
Gazprom
High
33,901
kWh
€0.0570
€0.062494
Low
29,664
kWh
€0.0425
€0.045317
Gas
700
m
3
€0.2860
€0.299876
Gas
12,852
m
3
€0.2860
€0.297072
'Vastrecht‘
1
jaar
€
-­‐
€144
Financiering
en
regelgeving
Not
applicable
*
MKB
energie
is
energy
from
Greenchoice
(100%
Dutch
wind,
CO2
compensated
gas).

23.
23
5.1.B/A Energy
1
5.1.B/A
Solar
panels
Solar
panels
can
be
placed
on
flat
roofs
and
roofs
with
a
slope
that
are
mainly
free
of
shadow.
The
best
orientation
is
between
Southwest
and
Southeast
with
a
slope
of
30
to
40
degrees.
For
monuments
there
are
rules
that
could
limit
the
possibilities,
for
instance
that
solar
panels
should
be
visible
from
public
space.
The
‘MKB
advies’
proposed
200
solar
panels
on
building
A
(camping
sanitary).
However
the
West
side
of
the
roof
is
visible
from
the
fort
and
therefore
not
feasible.
So
we
did
calculations
for
the
guardhouse
and
building
D,
E,
F.
2
Solar
panels
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop
Building
D,
E
and
F
have
one
roof
side
orientated
on
the
South.
However,
building
D
and
F
are
also
close
situated
to
the
tree
border,
which
can
create
shadow
on
the
roof.
Additionally,
building
E
has
roof
windows
that
break
up
the
roof
surface.
We
determined
that
one
continuous
stroke
of
solar
panels
is
possible
on
each
building
just
under
the
roof-­‐ridge.
This
totals
40
solar
panels,
which
can
generate
5.200
kWh
a
year.
With
current
energy
rates,
this
is
€685
(scenario
B).
If
we
include
the
Guardhouse
(scenario
A)
we
have
2
options:
1.
Placing
the
solar
panels
in
strokes
with
a
distance
between
the
strokes
to
prevent
them
from
creating
shadow
on
each
other.
2.
Placing
them
in
a
so-­‐called
‘east-­‐west’
position.
This
way
you
can
place
more
solar
panels,
increasing
total
production
output.
The
per
panel
production
will,
however,
be
3
lower
given
the
sub-­‐optimal
sun
orientation.
This
option
does
require
higher
investment.
For
Fort
aan
de
Klop
we
determine
that
option
1
is
more
interesting.
The
pay
back
time
of
Option
2
is
too
long,
especially
taking
into
account
that
it
is
already
stretched
by
definition,
because
of
the
low
electricity
price
of
€0,13.
With
option
1
we
can
place
50
solar
panels
more
than
the
40
initially
planned.
The
total
of
90
solar
panels
produces
11,850
kWh,
which
saves
€1,540
on
the
energy
bill
a
year.
Investment
40
panels:
€10,600;
90
panels:
€23,850
Return
of
investment:
±16
years
(incl.
permit)
Finance
and
regulations
Ÿ
Permit
costs:
€410
(40
panels),
€930
(90).
Ÿ
VAT
can
be
returned.

24.
24
5.2 Lighting
1
Here
we
give
a
short
introduction
on
the
proposed
scenarios
within
the
lighting
theme.
Scenario
C
The
‘MKB
advies’
proposes
to
place
LED
lighting,
where
no
energy
saving
lights
or
LED
is
already
present.
Also,
motion
sensors
are
proposed
for
specific
places,
like
toilets.
However,
when
replacing
light
for
LED,
you
are
producing
light
much
more
efficient,
2
which
make
motion
sensors
less
cost-­‐
effective
and
therefore
relatively
expensive.
Scenario
B
Scenario
B
is
an
addition
to
scenario
C,
suggesting
to
replace
the
light
bulbs
in
the
four
lanterns
outside
for
LED.
Daylight
dependable
sensors
are
not
included,
because
of
the
before
mentioned
low
cost-­‐
effectiveness.
Since
many
spots
such
as
the
setback
windows
inside
the
guardhouse
are
relatedly
dark
throughout
the
year,
the
3
motion
sensors
will
keep
the
LED
lights
on
anyway.
Scenar
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice
Lightning
All)buildings Replace)lighting)for)LED)lightning
C
Outside) Replace)building)site)lightning)for)LED
C
Smart)control
use)motion)sensors)for)lightning)where)it)is)
convenient;)toilets,)hallways,)storage)space B

25. rio)B Scenario)A
e Choice
C
C
B
25
5.2.B Lighting
1
5.1.B
LED
lighting
Energy
saving
begins
with
lighting.
Lighting
causes
15%
of
all
energy
used
in
a
household.
By
replacing
halogen
and
incandescent
lighting
for
LED
you
can
save
a
lot,
with
little
effort.
Furthermore,
LED
is
available
in
all
kinds
of
colours.
The
times
of
white
and
too
bright
colours
are
behind
us.
LED
is
there
for
all
types
of
lamps,
it
can
be
dimmed
and
it
does
not
have
a
start-­‐up
time
like
energy
saving
light
bulbs.
The
more
lighting
hours,
the
shorter
the
payback
time.
Lifespan
does,
however,
decrease
with
increased
use.
2
LED
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop
The
buildings
of
Fort
aan
de
Klop
are
relatively
dark
inside,
so
lighting
will
be
on
very
often.
Especially
the
guardhouse
is
pretty
dark
with
relatively
small
windows,
which
are
setback
in
the
wall.
LED
is
very
suitable
for
high
lighting
hours,
given
its
long
lifespan
(in
lighting
hours).
Also,
due
to
its
high
savings,
it’s
a
very
cost-­‐effective
measure.
By
replacing
45
incandescent
(25-­‐
100W),
24
halogen
light
bulbs
(20-­‐35W)
and
3
building
site
lights
(200W)
in
Fort
aan
de
Klop
for
LED
of
3W
to
20W
we
can
save
up
to
8,478
kWh,
which
is
12%
of
the
current
energy
usage.
This
saves
€1,102
per
year.
If
you
also
replace
the
4
lantern
outside
for
LED
this
can
save
another
€56
(430
kWh).
We
looked
at
the
possibility
to
place
motion
sensors.
However,
these
sensors
will
have
a
much
longer
payback
time
with
LED
than
3
incandescent
lighting,
because
the
LED
light
is
more
efficient.
That
is
why
we
only
propose
motion
sensors
in
the
storage
room
and
in
the
camping
sanitary.
This
only
saves
60
kWh
per
year.
Investment
Replacing
all
the
lighting
for
LED
costs
€1,550
(excl.
VAT)
with
another
€120
(excl.
VAT)
for
two
motion
sensors.
In
total
savings
are
€1,205
and
9,270
kWh
per
year.
The
return
of
investment
period
will
be
less
than
two
year.
Finance
and
regulations
Not
applicable.
However,
there
is
a
financial
regulation,
the
‘EIA’,
that
makes
it
possible
to
deduct
41,5%
of
the
investment
in
LED
from
your
profit.

26.
26
5.3 Insulation
1
Here
we
give
a
short
introduction
on
the
proposed
scenarios
within
the
Insulation
theme.
On
the
next
pages
the
measures
will
be
explained.
Scenario
C
The
‘MKB
advies’
proposes
to
place
secondary
glazing
in
the
guardhouse.
The
best
option
is
to
insulate
yet
preserve
the
historich
window,
is
to
place
secondary
glazing
(‘achterzetramen’).
In
the
next
paragraph
we
will
explain
more
about
this.
2
Scenario
B
The
group
accommodations
already
have
insulated
walls,
roofs
and
windows.
So
we
will
not
give
suggestions
for
these
buildings
and
only
consider
the
guardhouse.
Calculations
of
the
thermal
resistance
pointed
out
that
the
windows
are
the
weakest
points.
Walls,
floor
and
roof
are
considered
a
major
energy
leak.
The
walls
are
one
meter
thick
and
the
roof
has
a
thick
layer
of
sand,
gravel
and
greens,
so
their
thermal
resistance
is
sufficient.
The
floor
was
already
insulated
to
create
a
separate
environment
for
the
bats.
So
in
addition
to
3
the
secondary
glazing
we
only
propose
draught
proofing
of
doors
and
other
connections.
Secondary
glazing
already
takes
care
of
the
draughts
of
the
windows.
Scenario
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice
Insulation
Guardhouse Place)secondary)glazing and
Draughtproofing)of)doors)and)windows)and)
other)connections B

27. o)B Scenario)A
Choice
B
27
5.3.B Insulation
1
5.3.B
Secondary
glazing
&
draught
proofing
Calculations
on
the
thermal
resistance
of
the
Guardhouse
pointed
out
that
the
outer
shell
creates
a
stable
inner
climate
with
its
thick
walls
and
green
roof.
However,
the
windows
and
draughts
at
doors
and
other
connections
form
the
weakest
points.
The
windows
are
monumental
single
glazed
windows
with
a
steal
frame.
Alterations
to
these
windows
are
not
desirable,
nor
permitted,
but
a
secondary
frame
as
an
‘add-­‐on’
is.
In
addition
draughts
can
be
closed,
for
instance
the
ones
around
doors.
2
Secondary
glazing
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop
The
thermal
resistance
(the
R-­‐value)
of
the
current
windows
is
0.512.
If
you
place
secondary
glazing
this
becomes
1.087
m2K/W.
When
the
R-­‐value
becomes
higher,
the
thermal
resistance
increases.
This
means
that
less
heat
is
leaving
the
building
through
the
windows.
If
we
calculate
the
new
thermal
resistance
with
secondary
glazing,
savings
turn
out
to
be
€63
per
year.
Financially,
this
is
fairly
insignificant.
However,
the
comfort
level
will
increase.
Decent
secondary
glazing
that
fits
in
nicely
in
a
monumental
building,
is
quite
expensive.
For
the
20
windows
of
the
guardhouse,
the
cost
would
be
€9,280
(excl.
VAT).
So
if
the
aim
for
a
more
sustainable
building
is
based
on
economic
motives,
then
this
is
perhaps
not
advisedly.
But
when
comfort
and
energy
savings
is
the
motive,
it
can
be
considered.
3
Draught
proofing
for
Fort
aan
de
Klop
Draught
proofing
is
considered
a
quick
win.
Most
easy
is
to
place
brush
strips
at
the
down
side
of
doors.
In
addition
aluminium
draught
strips
can
be
placed
on
the
long
(closing)
side
of
the
door.
Furthermore,
other
draughts
around
a
hatch
or
lead-­‐
through
of
pipes
can
be
sealed
by
a
handyman,
saving
up
to
€50
per
year.
Investment
Secondary
glazing
for
20
windows
costs
around
the
€9,280
excluding
VAT.
Draught
proofing
of
doors
and
other
connections
is
around
€730
(excl.
VAT)
based
on
the
ground
surface
and
the
number
of
doors.
Finance
and
regulations
A
permit
is
necessary
for
secondary
glazing.
This
will
cost
€260.
There
are
no
subsidies.
Secondary
glazing
of
Isoglas

28.
28
5.4 Heating
1
Here
we
give
a
short
introduction
on
the
proposed
scenarios
within
the
Heating
theme.
On
the
next
pages
the
measures
will
be
explained.
Scenario
C
The
‘MKB
advies’
proposes
smart
and
quick
wins
on
heating
cost,
like
setting
a
timer
on
the
circulation
pumps
and
optimizing
the
time
schedule
of
the
floor
heating.
These
two
measures
can
save
up
to
€900.
And
this
2
only
costs
€600,
making
it
financially
very
interesting.
Scenario
B
The
group
accommodations
have
floor
heating.
However,
they
are
still
heated
by
a
gas
boiler.
We
propose
a
sustainable
‘add-­‐
on’
on
the
current
system
with
a
heating
pump.
In
addition
we
suggest
a
solar
boiler
for
the
warm
water
demand
of
the
group
accommodations.
For
the
guardhouse
we
propose
infrared
heating,
because
this
is
a
3
very
comfortable
type
of
heating.
Lastly,
it
is
energy
efficient
because
of
the
focused
way
of
heating.
Scenario
A
Instead
of
the
heating
measurers
of
scenario
B
we
propose
two
options:
1. A
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
with
a
gas
boiler
for
peaks.
2. A
biomass
stove,
which
produces
heat
by
burning
wood
pellets.
Scenario
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice
Heating
Building)heating)
Group)accomodations:)optimalisize)the)timing)
of)the)floor)heating,)set)a)time)clock)on)the)
circulation)pumps)for)heating
and
Guardhouse:)Infrared)heating)
Group+accomodations:)Elga)heating)pump
or
1.)Gas)absorptionAheatin)gpump
2.)Biomass)stove
B
Water)heating Place)solar)boilers
B

29. o)B Scenario)A
Choice
A
B
29
5.4.B Heating
1
5.4.B
Heating
The
majority
of
the
gas
usage
is
due
to
heating
of
the
buildings
and
warm
water.
Cooking
on
a
gas
stove
is
just
a
little
part
of
the
total
gas
bill.
In
scenario
B
we
look
at
sustainable
measures
that
can
be
an
addition
to
the
current
way
of
heating.
Without
making
big
changes
in
the
current
situation,
we
establish
savings
as
well
as
more
comfort.
The
group
accommodations
and
Guardhouse
have
a
separate
system.
We
maintain
this
and
propose
suitable
measures
for
as
well
the
guardhouse
as
the
group
accommodations,
based
on
their
usage.
2
The
guardhouse
The
guardhouse
needs
heating
from
September
until
April.
In
wintertime
the
restaurant
is
in
general
open
for
two
days
a
week.
In
September,
March
and
April
the
restaurant
is
open
6
days
a
week.
Especially
in
wintertime
the
restaurant
will
not
be
fully
occupied.
The
layout
of
the
restaurant
is
extremely
suitable
for
focused
heating.
In
other
words
not
the
whole
restaurant
needs
to
be
heated
when
there
are
two
customers.
Just
one
cove
can
be
heated
in
addition
to
the
space
where
the
employees
often
are.
When
heating
locally,
the
heating
device
does
have
to
be
able
to
quickly
anticipate
on
fluctuations
in
present
visitors.
Infrared
panels
meet
this
condition.
These
panels
(quite
similar
in
aesthetics
to
the
acoustic
panels)
are
connected
to
the
wall/ceiling
and
use
electricity
to
heat
the
local
space.
They
3
create
warmth
efficiently
and
in
a
very
comfortable
way.
Infrared
panels
do
not
heat
the
air,
but
rather
heat
the
present
objects:
the
people,
tables
etc.
The
infrared
panels
heat
up
in
10
minutes,
so
warmth
is
quickly
produced.
They
can
be
combined
with
a
smart
control
system
and
motion
sensors.
This
way,
one
does
not
have
to
control
the
‘on/off’
switch
of
the
panels
from
an
app
or
screen.
Everything
can
be
run
automatically
based
on
motion
in
the
room.
Also,
infrared
works
well
in
moist
conditions.
They
are
expected
to
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
climate
of
forts.
Taking
into
account
the
visitor
number
of
the
restaurant
and
the
‘heating
hours’
throughout
the
year,
we
calculated
that
the
infrared
panels
in
the
Guardhouse
can
save
€195/year
each,
totalling
€1.020/year.
An
important
note
is
that
the
expected
energy

30.
30
4
savings
are
based
on
a
the
right
use:
focused
way
and
not
non-­‐stop.
To
ensure
the
right
use
we
included
motion
sensors
and
the
smart
control
option
in
the
investment
cost.
The
group
accommodations
The
group
accommodations
have
a
very
good
starting
base
for
sustainable
heating,
because
most
of
them
work
with
Low
Temperature
Heating
(like
floor
heating)
and
need
well
insulated
spaces
to
be
most
effective.
These
requirements
are
already
fulfilled
by
the
current
state.
Two
Elga
heating
pumps
can
easily
be
placed
next
to
the
gas
boiler
(e.g.
the
one
that
already
is
present
for
the
group
accommodations).
These
heat
pumps
extract
heat
from
the
outside
air
to
create
warmth
inside.
When
the
outside
temperature
drops
below
5
degrees
Celcius,
the
heating
pump
will
not
5
work
as
effectively
anymore
and
a
gas
boiler
will
take
over
for
these
peak
moments.
For
the
majority
of
time
the
heating
pumps
can
deliver
the
heating
demand
in
a
sustainable
way.
This
results
in
a
saving
of
€575
a
year.
Water
heating
Group
accommodations
D,
E
and
F
have
12
showers
in
total.
These
are
provided
with
warm
water
from
one
300
litre
water
boiler.
A
rule
of
thumb
is
that
for
every
50
litre
capacity
one
m
2
solar
collector
can
be
added.
In
this
case
around
6
m
2
of
solar
collectors
(three
pieces)
could
be
placed
on
the
storage
building
to
produce
warm
water
through
solar
heating.
Three
solar
collectors
will
heat
the
water
and
when
the
water
is
not
warm
enough,
its
temperature
will
be
raised
by
the
gas
boiler
to
a
minimum
of
60
degrees.
This
is
a
necessary
temperature
level
to
prevent
legionella.
Savings
can
go
6
up
to
€330
a
year.
Investment
Infrared
panels
require
an
investment
of
€4,300
with
a
return
on
investment
of
22
years.
Two
ELGA
heating
pumps
will
cost
€7,600
and
14
years
is
needed
to
cover
this.
The
solar
boilers
costs
€2,610
and
has
a
pay
time
of
9
years.
Finance
and
regulations
A
permit
is
necessary
for
both
the
ELGA
heat
pump
and
the
solar
collectors
as
both
will
be
placed
outside,
adding
permist
cost
to
the
investment.
Lastly,
there
could
be
the
possibility
of
deducting
the
investment
from
profit
tax.
See
Chapter
6
for
an
overview.

31.
31
5.4.A Heating
5.4.A
Heating
Instead
of
proposing
separate
systems
for
the
Guardhouse
and
group
accommodations,
we
propose
one
installation
for
all.
This
installation
will
also
work
with
solar
collectors
for
warm
water.
There
are
two
different
options
for
the
main
heating
device.
One
is
a
gas
absorption-­‐heat
pump,
which
uses
gas
to
extracts
warmth
from
the
outside
air
for
heating.
The
other
option
is
a
biomass
stove.
A
biomass
stove
creates
heat
by
burning
wood
pellets.
Pellets
are
less
expensive
than
gas
and
more
sustainable
when
responsibly
acquired.
1
Option1:
Gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
A
gas
absorption-­‐heat
pump
has
as
a
main
advantage
compared
to
the
electric
version
(like
the
Elga
in
scenario
B)
that
it
remains
efficient
until
-­‐20
degrees
Celcius
instead
of
5
degrees.
The
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
is
therefore
useful
during
the
whole
winter.
Furthermore
it
is
possible
to
connection
a
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
to
a
High
Temperature
heating
system
with
radiators.
However,
the
efficiency
of
the
heating
pump
will
be
higher
on
a
low
temperature
system,
like
the
floor
heating
of
the
group
accommodations.
The
currently
present
low
Jaga
radiators
are
suitable
for
low
temperature
heating
and
are
therefore
a
good
combination
with
the
heating
pump.
The
gas
absorption-­‐heat
pump
can
produce
warm
water
and
do
so
in
cooperation
with
a
solar-­‐
and
combi-­‐boiler.
Gas
absorption
heating
pump
2
The
last
one
assures
that
the
water
temperature
is
above
60
degrees,
eleminating
legionella
risk.
Furthermore
the
combi-­‐boiler
can
cover
peak
moments.
With
the
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump
the
system
uses
gas
and
a
little
bit
of
electricity.
Compared
to
the
energy
costs
in
the
current
situation,
it
will
save
around
€560
per
year
on
energy.
Option
2:
Biomass
stove
A
biomass
stove
creates
heat
by
burning
wooden
pellets.
These
pellets
can
be
made
by
ones
self,
though
it
is
time-­‐consuming
and
special
devices
are
needed
to
make
the
pellets
on
the
right
size.
So
eventually
we
will
not
advice
for
using
local
wood
production.
Pellets
can
be
bought
in
big
quantities
and
will
be
delivered
at
the
fort.
One
kilogram
of
pellets
cost
around
€0.28

32.
32
Biomass
stove
3
and
1.5
kg
pellets
will
produce
1
m
3
natural
gas.
This
makes
pellets
€0.09
cheaper
than
1
m
3
gas
on
the
energy
market.
The
biomass
stove
is
therefore
financially
interesting.
A
note
is
that
the
pellets
have
to
come
from
wood
that
is
responsibly
gained,
because
otherwise
the
sustainability
of
the
system
can
be
questioned.
The
biomass
stove
uses
a
big
amount
of
pellets
(6,500
kg).
A
large
part
can
be
stored
in
a
container
next
to
the
stove,
which
fills
it
up
automatically.
The
system
does
require
a
lot
of
space,
which
is
not
an
issue
given
the
available
space
at
Fort
aan
de
Klop
and
also
in
the
current
installation
building.
Lastly,
a
biomass
stove
demands
a
fair
amount
of
maintenance.
For
instance
the
ashtray
has
to
be
cleaned
2-­‐5
times
a
year.
A
biomass
stove
can
produce
4
warm
water
and
can
work
well
together
with
a
solar
boiler.
If
necessary,
a
combi-­‐boiler
can
further
raise
the
water
temperature.
A
biomass
stove
can
be
combined
with
floor
heating
as
well
as
radiator
heating.
The
biomass
stove
will
use
up
to
€1,826
of
pellets
and
with
an
efficiency
of
85%
it
will
save
€905
a
year,
in
comparison
to
current
energy
bill.
Investment
A
gas
absorption-­‐heat
pump
in
combination
with
a
solar
boiler
will
cost
up
to
€28,000
(excl.
VAT
and
permit
costs).
The
total
savings
will
come
down
to
about
€1,160
a
year.
A
biomass
installation
with
a
solar
boiler
demands
an
investment
of
up
to
€28,200
(excl.
VAT
and
permit
costs)
and
will
result
in
a
saving
of
€1,500.
5
Finance
and
regulations
A
gas
absorption-­‐heat
pump
needs
an
unit
that
is
placed
outside,
for
which
a
permit
is
needed.
The
biomass
stove
does
not
need
a
permit.
However,
a
solar
boiler
does.
For
the
permit
costs,
please
refer
to
the
scheme
in
Chapter
6.
For
the
gas
absorption-­‐heating
pump,
the
solar
boiler
and
the
biomass
stove
it
is
possible
to
deduct
41,5%
of
the
investment
from
the
profit
tax.
If
profit
is
being
made,
this
could
be
interesting.

33.
33
5.5 Ventilation
1
Here
we
give
a
short
introduction
on
the
proposed
scenarios
within
the
Ventilation
theme.
On
the
next
pages
the
measures
will
be
explained.
Scenario
C
The
‘MKB
advies’
does
not
propose
alterations
to
the
current
ventilation
system.
The
ventilation
of
the
guardhouse
is
already
quite
sustainable.
However
the
ventilation
did
not
work
for
a
certain
amount
of
time
2
and
the
entrepreneur
did
not
experienced
this
as
a
problem
for
the
climate
inside.
The
group
accommodations
are
less
sustainable
and
complete
in
their
ventilation
layout.
But
there
was
no
demand
from
the
users
to
improve
these.
So
we
just
do
some
suggestions.
Scenario
B
The
entrepreneur
of
Fort
aan
de
Klop
mentioned
the
draught
from
the
ventilation
holes.
These
holes
are
used
for
the
air
inlet.
Placing
inducing
grids
into
the
air
holes
at
3
the
inside
of
the
Guardhouse
can
decrease
draught.
In
addition
we
propose
inlet
vent
holes
for
building
D
and
E.
At
the
moment
inlet
of
air
is
only
the
case
when
opening
windows
or
doors
in
these
well-­‐insulated
buildings.
Scenario
A
Here
we
propose
CO2
sensors
in
the
common
rooms
of
building
E
and
moist
sensors
for
the
bathrooms
of
building
E
and
F.
Scenario
Themes Sub)themes C:)first)step)to)energy)reduction)(MKB)advice) B:)A)leap)foward) ) A:)Towards)autonomy Choice
Ventilation
Guardhouse
Present)situation:)air)handling)unit)on)the)roof)
with)an)heat)exhanger,)existing)air)holes)for)
inlet)and)outlet,)CO2)sensor.
Place)inducing)grids)at)the)inside)of)air)inlet)
holes)to)increase)the)comfort)level
B
Group)accomodations
D)and)E)have)only)mechanical)outlet.)F)has)vent)
holes)for)natural)inlet)and)mechanical)outlet.
Also)ensure)vent)holes)for)inlet)of)air)in)D)and)E and
Combine)the)mechanical)outlet)with)CO2E)
sensors)or)moist)sensors B

34.
34
5.5.B Ventilation
5.5.B
Ventilation
The
ventilation
system
of
the
Guardhouse
can
be
quite
sustainable,
like
we
pointed
out
before.
The
existing
system
combines
an
air-­‐handling
unit
with
a
heat
exchanger
on
the
roof
and
uses
a
CO2
sensor
for
controlling
the
in-­‐
and
outlet
of
air
through
existing
air
holes.
The
group
accommodations
only
have
mechanical
outlet,
except
for
building
F,
which
also
has
vent
holes
for
natural
inlet.
The
mechanical
outlet
is
concentrated
on
bathrooms
and
kitchens.
1
Guardhouse
&
group
accommodations
Because
of
the
draught
that
comes
from
the
inlet
vent
holes
we
propose
inducing
grids
in
front
of
the
openings.
These
grids
divide
the
air,
also
horizontally,
instead
of
just
vertically.
This
increases
the
comfort
level
and
has
not
a
direct
sustainable
aspect,
except
that
the
perception
of
temperature
can
be
much
higher.
There
are
5
of
those
inlet
holes
in
the
radial
rooms.
Along
the
central
chimney
(‘druipkoker’)
there
are
three
outlet
vent
holes
as
well
as
two
in
the
kitchen.
The
five
inlet
holes
in
the
radial
rooms
create
discomfort
along
visitors,
so
here
we
can
place
the
grids.
To
improve
the
inner
climate
of
building
D
and
E,
it
is
wise
to
install
inlet
holes
in
their
North
façade.
At
the
moment
they
only
have
mechanical
outlet
at
the
South
façade.
Building
F
already
has
inlet
holes
for
natural
2
ventilation
in
the
North
façade.
So
the
new
inlet
holes
can
be
similar
to
the
ones
in
building
F.
Again
this
has
not
a
direct
sustainable
impact.
However,
it
is
better
for
the
climate
inside
the
building.
Investment
The
inducing
grids
are
for
instance
available
at
Barcol
for
€124
(excl.
VAT)
per
piece.
The
total
costs
will
then
be
€620
(excl.
VAT
and
installations).
Placing
inlet
holes
will
demand
some
structural
adjustments
in
the
façade.
So
this
will
be
more
costly.
We
do
not
have
an
assumption
for
this.
Finance
and
regulations
Both
proposals
do
not
fall
under
a
certain
financial
regulation.
Structural
adjustments
on
the
façade
in
case
of
the
vent
holes
will
need
a
permit.