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Vet Tech Essentials: Module 5 – IRG
- 1. LLC Module 5 Veterinary Nursing LESON 1: BASIC NURSING PRINCIPLES Learning Following bluedoor, Objectives completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Trim toenails • Clean ears of a dog and cat • Ear sample collection/preparation in a dog and cat • Express canine anal glands • Bathe, dip, and groom a small animal • Administer enteral medications • Hand pilling (dog, cat) Overview • An understanding of small animal husbandry is essential to the veterinary technician nursing Resources • Principles and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapter 20. © • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapter 19. M o d u l e 5 | I n s t r u c t o r R e s o u r c e G u i d e 1 knowledge base.
- 2. Objective Terms Learning © bluedoor, LLC 2 V e t e r i n a r y N u r s i n g | M o d u l e 5 Activities References Bathing, Grooming, Cleaning External Ear Canals, Trimming Toenails • Trim toenails • Clean ears of a dog and cat • Ear sample collection/ preparation in a dog and cat • Bathe, dip, and groom a small animal • Express canine anal glands 1. Bathing 2. Ophthalmic 3. Therapeutic 4. External/internal 5. Hypothermia 6. Axillary 7. Inguinal 8. Antiseptic 9. Cerumen PP Slides 3–8 Review Exercises: Case Study Sirois text, pages 613–618 Administering Medications • Administer enteral medications • Hand pilling (dog, cat) 1. Enteral 2. Oral 3. Otic 4. Aural 5. Aspiration 6. Ototoxic PP Slides 9–11 Sirois text, pages 617–620 Bassert text, pages 586, 588, 590
- 3. LESON 2: NURSING PRINCIPLES FOR THE IL PATIENT Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Obtain a thorough patient history • Demonstrate the ability to obtain objective patient data: TPR, thoracic auscultation • Perform a physical examination on a small animal • Administer subcutaneous injection to a dog or cat • Administer vaccinations Overview • The veterinary technician must understand normal vital parameters and anatomy, and be capable of LLC obtaining and filtering patient medical history into pertinent information that will aid the veterinarian in the diagnostic process. Resources • Principles and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapters 12 and 22. • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapter 18. • bluedoor, Kirk & Bistner’s Handbook of Veterinary Procedures & Emergency Treatment, Ford & Mazzaferro, Section 3. Objective Terms Learning Activities References Nursing Principles for the Ill Patient © M o d u l e 5 | I n s t r u c t o r R e s o u r c e G u i d e 3 • Obtain a thorough patient history • Demonstrate the ability to obtain objective patient data: TPR, thoracic auscultation • Perform a physical examination on a small animal • Administer subcutaneous injection to a dog or cat • Administer vaccinations 1. SOAP 2. Parenteral 3. Reconstitute 4. Subcutaneous 5. Intramuscular 6. Intravenous 7. Vaccine 8. TPR 9. MM 10. CRT 11. Skin turgor 12. Auscultation 13. Palpation 14. Parameter PP Slides 12–20 Review Exercises: Case Study, Self- Check Questions, Matching Exercises, Crossword Puzzle Sirois text, pages 291–304, 559–577, 607–616, 620–622 Bassert text, pages 221–290, 589
- 4. LESON 3: NURSING PRINCIPLES FOR THE MEDICAL PATIENT: DIAGNOSTICS Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Properly collect specimens for diagnostic analysis • Feline cephalic, jugular venipuncture restraint • Cephalic, jugular, saphenous venipuncture • Collect and evaluate skin scrapings • Perform ocular diagnostic test (including tonometry, fluorescein staining, Schirmer tear test) • Administer ophthalmic medications • Urine specimen collection (free catch – small animal) Overview • Veterinarians use diagnostic test results to explain abnormal clinical signs in patients. Accurate results LLC are a result of proper specimen collection, so veterinary technicians must utilize collection protocols, nursing procedures, and effective restraint techniques. Resources • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapter 18. • Principles bluedoor, and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapters 7, 8, 9. Objective Terms Learning © 4 V e t e r i n a r y N u r s i n g | M o d u l e 5 Activities References Nursing Principles for the Medical Patient: Diagnostics • Properly collect specimens for diagnostic analysis • Feline cephalic, jugular venipuncture restraint • Cephalic, jugular, saphenous venipuncture • Collect and evaluate skin scrapings • Perform ocular diagnostic test (including tonometry, fluorescein staining, Schirmer tear test) • Administer ophthalmic medications • Urine specimen collection (free catch – small animal) 1. Venipuncture 2. Cephalic 3. Jugular 4. Saphenous 5. Tonometry 6. Fluorescein 7. Schirmer PP Slides 21–33 Review Exercises: Case Study, Self-Check Questions, Word Search Bassert text page 590, 600–608 Sirois text page 125–127, 155–157, 189–203
- 5. LESON 4: NURSING PRINCIPLES FOR THE VETERINARY PATIENT: THERAPEUTICS Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Develop an understanding of wound management and abscess care • Monitor therapeutic responses • Administer intramuscular injection to a dog or cat • Administer intravenous injection to a dog or cat Overview • Veterinary technicians must have a thorough understanding of the physiology of wound healing and LLC necessary care to expect optimal outcome. Therapeutics are delivered by different delivery routes and technicians must be skilled and comfortable in their administration. Resources • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapters 18 and 26. • bluedoor, Principles and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapter 24. Objective Terms Learning Activities References Wound Managment/Healing/Care, Closing a Wound, Bandages/Bandaging Technique, Casts/Slings © M o d u l e 5 | I n s t r u c t o r R e s o u r c e G u i d e 5 • Develop an understanding of wound management and abscess care • Monitor therapeutic responses 1. Closed wound 2. Open wound 3. Lavage 4. Debridement 5. First intention 6. Ehmer sling 7. Modified Robert Jones 8. Cast PP Slides 34–46 Review Exercises: Case Study, Self-Check Questions, Matching, Word Search Bassert text, pages 583–619, 971–990 Intramuscular and Intravenous Injections • Administer intramuscular injection to a dog or cat • Administer intravenous injection to a dog or cat 1. Semitendinosus 2. Semimembranosus 3. Epaxial 4. Occlusion 5. Cephalic 6. Saphenous 7. Femoral 8. Jugular PP Slides 47–49 Sirois text, pages 622–623 Bassert text, page 590
- 6. LESON 5: NURSING PRINCIPLES OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Demonstrate understanding of nursing care for newborns • Identify unique aspects of medical nursing for geriatric and cancer patients Overview • Veterinary technicians must be effective providers of proper nutrition, comfort, and specialized nursing care/support necessary for enhancing or maintaining a high quality LLC of life in newborn, geriatric, and cancer patients. Resources • Principles & Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapter 23 and 24. • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapters 1, 8, 9, 19, 35. Objective bluedoor, Terms Learning © 6 V e t e r i n a r y N u r s i n g | M o d u l e 5 Activities References Nursing Principles of Special Populations • Demonstrate understanding of nursing care for newborns • Identify unique aspects of medical nursing for geriatric and cancer patients 1. Neonatology 2. Gerontology 3. Oncology 4. Thermoregulation 5. Colostrum 6. Elimination 7. Immunocompromised 8. Hospice 9. Chemotherapy 10. Radiation therapy 11. Decubital ulcers PP Slides 50–56 Review Exercises: Case Study Bassert text, pages 130–131, 260–252, 317, 324–325, 329, 705, 1355–1376 Sirois text, pages 580–586, 640–645
- 7. LESON 6: FLUID THERAPY AND ADVANCED MONITORING Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Explain care of recumbent animal • Determine/maintain fluid infusion rate • Place intravenous catheters • Monitor patient hydration status • Develop familiarity with fluid delivery systems • Describe physical therapy techniques Overview • During their career, veterinary technicians will care for critically ill patients or those who require © bluedoor, LLC M o d u l e 5 | I n s t r u c t o r R e s o u r c e G u i d e 7 advanced nursing care and procedures. Resources • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapter 18, 23, and 24. • Principles and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapters 16, 19, and 24. Objective Terms Learning Activities References Caring for Non-Ambulatory Patients • Explain care of recumbent animal • Describe physical therapy techniques 1. Recumbent 2. Atelectasis 3. Decubital ulcer 4. Physical therapy 5. Urine scald PP Slides 69–78 Review Exercises: Case Studies, Self- Check Questions, Student Exercises, Word Search Sirois text, pages 506–516, 638–639 Bassert text, pages 865–878 Fluid Therapy • Determine/maintain fluid infusion rate • Place intravenous catheters • Monitor patient hydration status • Develop familiarity with fluid delivery systems 1. Electrolyte imbalance 2. Hydration 3. Skin turgor 4. Crystalloid 5. Colloid 6. Isotonic 7. Osmosis 8. Hypertonic 9. Hypotonic 10. Hypovolemia PP Slides 57–68 Sirois text, pages 412–429 Bassert text, pages 590–596, 881–894
- 8. LESON 7: DENTISTRY Learning Objectives Following completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Perform routine dental prophylaxis • Explain dental home care to client • Perform routine dental radiographs • Educate clients regarding home dental care Overview • A primary responsibility entrusted unto a veterinary technician is patient oral health care (dental LLC prophylaxis, tooth charting, radiography, equipment/instrument maintenance, and client education). Knowledge of anatomy, therapeutic techniques, and preventive measures enhance a veterinary technician’s contribution to overall animal health and high-quality medical care. Resources • Principles and Practice of Veterinary Technology, Sirois, Chapter 18. • Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, Bassert, Chapter 34. Objective bluedoor, Terms Learning © 8 V e t e r i n a r y N u r s i n g | M o d u l e 5 Activities References Dentistry • Perform routine dental prophylaxis • Explain dental home care to client • Perform routine dental radiographs • Educate clients regarding home dental care 1. Arcade 2. Dental prophylaxis 3. Mesaticephalic 4. Dolichocephalic 5. Brachycephalic 6. Crown anatomy 7. Root anatomy 8. Periodontum 9. Mandibular teeth 10. Maxillary teeth 11. Intraoral radiography 12. Preventive dental care PP Slides 79–89 Review Exercises: Case Study, Self- Check Questions Bassert text, pages 1299–1351 Sirois text, pages 482–505