2. DURING THE DESIGN OF THIS PRESENTATION OUR GROUP ARE
VERY ENCOURAGING SOULS WHO ARE SUPPORTING EACH OTHER IN
THE GROUP. WE CANNOT STAY WITHOUT GIVING SINCERE THANKSTO
THEM.
WE ARE GREATFUL TO OUR SUBJECT TEACHER MR.NABENDRA
SHRESTHA,FOR PLAYING THE ROLE OF GUIDENCE AND GIVING US
SUCH A PRESENTATION WHICH IS IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT HIM.
-PRESENTERS
3. STANDARDS OF TCP/IP
INTRODUCTIONTCP/IP AND ITS HISTORY
COMPARISION OF OSI TO TCP/IP
LAYERS OFTCP/IP
COMMUNICATION WITH REFERENCE TO TCP/IP
PROTOCOL USED INTCP/IP
CONCLUSION
4. USE THE CONCEPT OF OSI MODEL.
OSI ARE REDUCED IN FOUR LAYERS.
FREELY EXCHANGE OF DATA.
DOESNOT EXACTLY MATCHTHE OSI MODEL.
GOOD FAILURE RECOVERY.
LOW DATA OVERHEAD.
HIGH ERROR-RATE HANDLING.
THE ABILITY TO ADD NETWORKS WITHOUT INTERRUPTING EXISTING
SERVICES.
IT’S THE COMMON WORLDWIDE STANDARD NOW FOR NETWORKING.
BUILT IN INTELLIGENT MECHANISM FOR ERROR AND FLOW CONTROL.
5. TOGETHER MANAGE THE FLOW OF DATA.
IP INDISCRIMINATELY PUMPS PACKETS.
TCP IS CHARGED WITH MAKING SURE THEY GET THERE.
OPENING AND CLOSING SESSION.
PACKET MANAGEMENT.
FLOW CONTROL.
ERROR DETECTION AND HANDLING.
TCP/IP WAS CREATED USINGTHE D0D(DEPARTMENT OF
DEFENSE),WHICH IS MADE UP OF FOUR LAYERS INSTEAD OF THE SEVEN
THAT MAKE UP THE OSI.
TCP/IP MODEL: APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
INTERNET
NETWORK
6. INTCP BUT NOT CONTAINS CONTAINS IN OSI
CONSISTS OF FOUR LAYERS.
ONLY ONE MODE IN THE NETWORK LAYER BUT BOTH MODES IN THE
TRANSPORT LAYER ARE SUPPORTED.
THE PROTOCOLS HAVE BEEN INVENTED BEFORE MODELS,SOTHE
FUNCTIONALITIES ARE PERFECTLY DESCRIBED.
PROTOCOLS IN THE OSI MODEL ARE BETTER HIDDEN AND CAN BE
REPLACED RELATIVELY EASILY AS THE TECHNOLOGY CHANGES,WHICH
IS ONE OFTHE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF LAYRED PROTOCOLS.
7. COMBINATION OF DATALINK AND PHYSICAL LAYER OF OSI MODEL.
CONCERNED WITH ACCESS AND FORWARD DATA ACROSSTHE NETWORK
FOR TWO END SYSTEMSATACHEDTO SAME NETWORKS.
USESTHE PROTOCOL LIKETOKEN RING.
8. TAKESTHE DATA SEGEMENT AND FORMTHE PACKET THAN IT SENDS
THOSE PACKETS TOTHE NETWORK.
ALLOWS THE HOST COMPUTERSTO INSERT PACKETS INTO ANY
NETWORK AND HAVETHEMTO DELIVER INDEPENDENTLYTOTHE
DESTINATION.
USES PROTOCOL LIKE IP,ICMP,RIP.
9. CONCERNED WITH ENDTO END DELIVERY OF DATA FROM SOURCETO
DESTINATION.
CONNECTION ORIENTED.
ESTABLISHES A CONECTION BEFORE SENDING DATA FROM SOURCETO
DESTINATION.
ESTABLISHESTHE FIXED PATH AND TRANSMIT THE MESSAGE ON THAT
PATH FOR WHOLE SESSION
HAS ACNOWLEDGEMENT FACILITY.
USESTCP PROTOCOL.
10. COMBINTION OF PRESENTATION AND SESSION LAYER OF OSI MODEL.
INCLUDES ALLTHE PROCESSTHAT INVOLVED USER INTERACTION.
DETERMINE THE PRESENTTION OF DATA IN DIFFERET FORMAT SUCH AS
DATA COMPRESSION,DATA ENCRYPTION AND DECRYPTION.
CONTROLTHE ESTBLISHED SESSION BETWEENTHE COMPUTERS.
USES PROTOCOLS LIKE SMTP,HTTP,FTP,TELNET,POP.
11. TCP/IP IS BUILT AS INFORMATION IS PASSED DOEN FROM APPLICATION
TOTHE PHYSICAL NETWORK LAYER .
WHEN DATA IS SENT EACH LAYERTREATS ALL OFTHE INFORMATION IT
RECEIVES FROM THE LAYER ABOVE AS DATA AND ADDS CONTROL
INFORMATIONTOTHE FRONT OF DATA.
CONTROL INFORMATION IS CALLED HEADER.
ADDITION OF A HEADER IS CALLED IN CAPSULATION.
WHEN DATA IS RECEIVED, THE OPPOSITE PROCEDURETAKES PLACE AS
EACH LAYER REMOVES ITS HEADER BEFORE PASSINGTHE DATATOTHE
LAYER ABOVE.
DATA ENCAPSULATION INTCP/IP:
APPLICATION LAYER – DATA
TRANSPORT LAYER – HEADER,DATA
INTERNET LAYER- HEADER,HEADER,DATA
NETWORK ACCESS LAYER- HEADER,HEADER,HAEDER,DATA.
13. FROM THIS PRESENTATION WE ALL CAMETO KNOWTHE
STANDARDS,COMPARISION,LAYERS,COMMUNICATION WITH
REFERENCE,PROTOCOLS OF TCP/IPWHICH ARE ALL DESCRIBED
PREVIOUSLY.
THANKYOU……!!
