The Atomic Bomb Changed The Course Of History

The Atomic Bomb Changed The Course Of History
The atomic bomb changed the course of history, saving the U.S. from losing to Japan. This bomb
had an impact on the world both metaphorically and physically. No such weapon had combined
science and technology so smoothly other than the device that, ever since its creation, blew away
Hiroshima and Nagasaki. On August 2, 1939, Einstein proposed an interesting to President Franklin
D. Roosevelt. This idea, called the atomic bomb, would change the lives of everyone. Making it was
easier said than done, though. They needed a team of scientists: Robert Oppenheimer, David Bohm,
Leo Szilard, Eugene Wigner, Felix Bloch, Otto Prisch, Rudolf Peierls, Niels Bohr, Emilio Segre,
James Franck, Enrico Fermi, Klaus Fuchs, and Edward Teller. Then they had to find U–235, which
looked exactly like U–238, a useless material. The process was hard, especially since only
mechanical methods worked. Finally, after an extraction system, a magnetic separation, and a gas
centrifuge, all that was needed to be done was to test the entire concept in the deserts of Jornada del
Muerto (about money). The Gadget was quickly put together. Upon detonating, the white blaze shot
through the still–dark sky, slowly transforming into an orange ball of fire shooting up 360 feet per
second. The mushroom cloud took form at 30,000 feet. Beneath the grim cloud, all that remained in
the soil at the blast site were fragments of jade green radioactive glass created by the heat of the
reaction (about money). With a nuclear
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima And Nagasaki
Imagine yourself walking down the familiar road of your hometown following your daily routine.
The sky is then consumed by the deafening sound of airplanes. The people around you start to panic.
You then start fleeing towards your family and loved ones as realization hits you. However it is no
use, your life had ended. Thousands of people died instantly as an atomic bomb was dropped over
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, thousands more died because of the effect after. No weapon compares to
the magnitude of destruction an atomic bomb causes. In the history of the world, atomic bombs have
only been used twice. This was during World War II in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. On June
1941, the Manhattan Project was commenced under the care of the U.S. Office of Scientific
Research and Development. In the eyes of formal President Truman, the war was bloody and violent
and gone for way too long. The war had already claimed many lives and it was time to put a stop to
it. Already in 1939, physicist of the United States were scared of the chance of Germans studying
nuclear fission. Albert Einstein then proposed the idea of this military weapon to then president,
Franklin D. Roosevelt. "Manhattan Project" would be the code name for this secretive project. In
1943, Harold C. Urey set a cooperation deal with England and Canada, bringing even more scientist
to work on the new military weapon. By the end, the project grew to cost two billion dollars. On
July 16th of 1945, the first atomic bomb

America Chose To Drop Atomic Bombs On Japan, And This...
America chose to drop atomic bombs on Japan, and this affected the war and the country in many
ways. America was trying to stop the war and make Japan surrender. Atomic bombs, which are
nuclear weapons, were dropped by the United States on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
Atomic bombs terrify everyone today, but at that time, they were considered an indispensable step
for an early end to the war with minimal human losses. Some people believed the bombings of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki were necessary to end the war. Some people believed the bombings were a
terrible mistake. Many of the events that shaped this creation were The Manhattan Project, the actual
creation of the atomic bomb, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki. Therefore, the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Everyone understood that the U.S. Army should maintain a large number of production facilities,
and the engineering corps, so scientists could work. In order to hide the project, the Manhattan
Engineering District was formed, and Leslie R. Groves (American army officer in charge of the
Manhattan Project) was responsible for all the army 's activities related to the project. The
"Manhattan Project" became the codename for the research work.
After Japan rejected the U.S. demand for surrender, president Truman said in his announcement
speech, "We are now prepared to obliterate more rapidly and completely every productive enterprise
the Japanese have above ground in any city. We shall destroy their docks, their factories, and their
communications. Let there be no mistake; we shall completely destroy Japan 's power to make war"
(Harry 1). The science and industry of the United States, under the leadership of the army achieved
very great successes, especially in the invention of the atomic bomb. In the hands of America was
the most powerful weapon, therefore they were not afraid to seize and destroy Japan. According to
American History, Truman said in his speech about bombing Japan, "If they do not now accept our
terms they may expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this
earth" (Harry 1). President of the United States wasn 't glad when Japan rejected surrendering
because he knew that Japan would regret it. Later, the decision

Plane Crash Lab Report
During investigating this plane crash, the materials found at the site were: carbon, hydrogen,
nitrogen, and oxygen. In order to identify the victims and what happened, I used empirical and
molecular formulas. Empirical formula is a formula with the lowest whole number ratio of elements
present in a compound. Molecular formula indicates the actual number of atoms of each element
presented in a compound. First, I calculated the empirical formula by using the percentages of the
compound analysis for each passenger. I calculated this by turning an element's percentage into a
number out of one hundred and then multiplying it by the molar mass to get the number of mols in
each element. After, I divided all elements by the lowest number in order ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The chemical analysis of 75.42% carbon, 6.63% hydrogen, 8.38% nitrogen, and 9.57% oxygen leads
to an empirical formula of C21H22N2O2 [see binder paper for work]. C21H22N2O2 has a mass of
334.45 g, which matches with the molar mass of the molecular formula. Base on this similarity and
the description, I can conclude that this substance is Strychnine. Strychnine is a rat poison that is
highly toxic to humans. When looking for the passenger carrying poison, I looked for a person who
shows resentment towards someone else on the plane. Both Miley Cyrus and Selena Gomez carried
this substance with them and also happen to be enemies. Friends and family from the interview
stated that Selena Gomez is in a long and intense feud with Miley Cyrus. However, according to her
Twitter, Selena knew that Miley would be on the same flight. In addition, she also sent a text
message before the flight saying: "I h8 this grl. Its about 2 b over." This text message and the
evidences on Twitter reveals that Selena had brought this rat poison with the intention of murdering
Miley Cyrus––her most hated enemy. The intention of a planned murder is also shown through the
fact that this compound was found in Selena's pocket. In all, I conclude that Selena Gomez is the

The Effect Of Blast Loads On Buildings
Abstract
The increase in the number of terrorist attacks especially in the last few years has shown that the
effect of blast loads on buildings is a serious matter that should be taken into consideration in the
design process. Although these kinds of attacks are exceptional cases, man–made disasters; blast
loads are in fact dynamic loads that need to be carefully calculated just like earthquake and wind
loads. The use of bombs to attack the cities by terrorist organizations around the world. A bomb
explosion within or immediately nearby a building can cause catastrophic damage on the building 's
external and internal structural frames, collapsing of walls, blowing out of large expanses of
windows, and shutting down of critical life–safety systems. Loss of life and injuries to occupants
can result from many causes, including direct blast–effects, structural collapse, debris impact, fire,
and smoke. The indirect effects can combine to inhibit or prevent timely evacuation, thereby
contributing to additional casualties. Due to the threat from such extreme loading conditions, efforts
have been made during the past decades to develop methods of structural analysis and design to
resist blast loads. The analysis and design of structures subjected to blast loads require a detailed
understanding of blast phenomena and the dynamic response of various structural elements.
Introduction
Damage to the property, loss of life, panic of people, etc. are factors that have to

The Manhattan Project : The York Project
Mackenzie Mylod
Mrs. Wikstrom
English 1 Honors – Period 3
30 November 2014
The Manhattan Project Everyone has secrets, even the U.S. Government. The Manhattan project was
one of the many secrets the Government kept from the United States until after the damage was
done. What was the Manhattan Project? The manhattan project was a multi–billion dollar enterprise,
2.2 billion to be exact, that provided U.S. Military forces with the single most destructive weapon
known to man; the atomic bomb. The project was to be a kept at high secrecy from Germany, Japan,
and Russia. But what is strange is that not only was the bomb to kept from foreign countries, but
also some parts of the Executive government which is how it adapted the code name that ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some other services the Manhattan Project did for the United States is offering so many jobs for
people all around the world. The enterprise also upped our national security. The Manhattan Project
has given Americans an entirely new way of viewing new innovative projects going in in our
country. The Manhattan has caused both good and bad effects on the world as we know it today. The
Manhattan project was a top secret government enterprise that was put in place to create the worlds
first atomic bomb. Overall, The Manhattan Project was a 2.2 billion dollar program in which was a
collaborative effort between both British and also American scientists. The project was put into
place to create the worlds first ever atomic bomb and to use the bomb in World War II. The projects
official start was in 1943 and it 's official completion was in 1945. The Manhattan Project, also,
employed over 130,000. The bomb was to be under strict secrecy from Germany, Japan, Russia, and
even some parts of America 's executive system.
The secrecy was so important because in order for the bomb to obtain the full effect America was
going for, the project had to be kept from Japan and any surrounding countries. All of the project 's
secret facilities were along the East coast seeing as though the "home base" was in Manhattan, New
York. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers director, Major General Leslie

Women's Employment Rates During World War I
What? Women's employment rates increased sharply during WWI, which is from 23.6% to between
37.7% and 46.7%. These women workers were engaged into jobs left by men who had enlisted in
the war. Some new jobs were also created due to the war, like munitions factories. This caused many
women working in areas of work that were normally belong to men. For example like the railway
guards and ticket collectors. Also, some female workers need to work with poisonous materials
without proper protection. However, their salaries were much lower than men for doing the same
work. When? This event happened during WWI, when majority of men were enlisted into the war.
Where? This event happened in the countries that were involved into WWI. Who? The people got ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Who or what are the sides? The key people involved are women especially married women during
the WWI. c) What was Canada's role? As a country that was involved in WWI, the war had a
significant effect on Canadian women. They have actively participated in war, from nursing and
munitions manufacturing during the First World War. d) What were the results? Women received
much less wages so they began some of the earliest demands for equal pay. For example, a
committee was set up by the War Cabinet in 1917 to examine the question of women's wages. There
were accidents and women got killed or injured. Some women in munitions factories were called
'canaries' because they had to handle TNT (the chemical compound trinitrotoluene) which caused
their skin to turn yellow. Around 400 women died from overexposure to TNT during WWI.
Women's employment rates increased during WWI, from 23.6% in 1914 to between 37.7% and
46.7% in 1918. The employment of married women increased sharply – accounting for nearly 40%
of all women workers by 1918. Women's rights were advanced since they took their own paid job
outside the home, ran their homes alone, and supported the whole family's

Atomic Bombs And Its Effects On The World 's Top Scientists
In the morning of July 16, 1945, the very first nuclear explosion took place in Alamogordo, New
Mexico. This one very specific explosion was the first test of the most damaging weapon ever
known to man. These explosive devices took almost six years to research and develop. It took a
team of hand selected of the world's top scientists. This collaboration was famously known as the
Manhattan Project. Less than a month after the test, President Truman dropped two nuclear bombs
on Japan. These weapons were dropped only three days apart. The aftermath was so crucial it made
the Japanese finally to surrender.
Before there was the aspect of nuclear bombs people destroyed each other at each other stuff using
conventional bombs. Casing full of explosives like Trinitrotoluene or known as TNT or ammonium
nitrate. When they are detonated, conventional bombs created most of their energy in the form of a
blast. This blast can go faster than the speed of sound. But imagine if uranium, plutonium, or even a
hydrogen bomb was detonated. It would create a huge mushroom cloud with a vast number
radioactive rays passing through destroying everything in the path.
During this time of scientific discovery, Hitler had been gradually rising to power in Germany
(Smalley). Hitler power made the physicist Leo Szilard and Hungarian Jew Eugene Wigner and
Edward Teller became worried about the stake of their safety. So they decided to flee the country
and come to America. They decided that the President

Eod Team Leader Certs Essay
(DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their
contractors only because this publication contains technical and operational information. This
determination was made on 22 March 2006. Other requests will be referred to CASCOM, ATTN:
EOD Training Writer/Developer, 401 1st St Suite 225, Ft Lee. VA 23801–1511. DESTRUCTION
NOTICE: This Supercedes STP 9–55D14–SM–TG dated June 2002. )SOLDIER TRAINING
HEADQUARTERS PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. STP–9–89D14–SM–TG
Washington, DC, 06 Mar 2007 SOLDIER'S MANUAL and TRAINER'S GUIDE MOS 89D
SOLDIER'S Manual/Trainer's Guide, Explosive Ordnance Disposal, Skill Levels 1–4 Skill Levels 1,
2, 3 and 4 Table of ContentsTABLE OF ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
quipment 3–64 093–89D–1360 Perform Emergency Contamination Control Station (ECCS)
Operations 3–65 093–89D–1362 Identify Nuclear Weapons and System Components 3–68 093–
89D–1363 Assist in Render Safe Procedures on Nuclear Weapons 3–69 093–89D–1364 Segregate
Nuclear Weapon and Hazardous Components into Categories 3–71 093–89D–1365 Perform
Packaging Procedures for Nuclear Weapons and Components 3–72 Subject Area 6: Assist Render
Safe Procedures and Techniques 093–89D–1237 Perform Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding
Procedures 3–74 093–89D–1238 Perform EOD Procedures Using Special Explosive Charges 3–75
093–89D–1366 Perform EOD Procedures using Explosive Driven Water Based Tools 3–76 Subject
Area 7: EOD Team Assistant Incident Responsibilities / Procedures 093–89D–1120 Recognize
Confined Spaces 3–77 Skill Level 3 Subject Area 8: Supervise Operation of EOD Tools and
Equipment 093–89D–3186 Plan SMUD Operations 3–78 Subject Area 9: General EOD Procedures
093–89D–3108 Identify Foreign Military and Commercial Explosives 3–80 Subject Area 10:
Supervise CBRN Incident Operations 093–89D–3259 Perform EOD Procedures on a Chemical
Mission 3–81 093–89D–3309 Supervise Emergency Personnel Decontamination Station (EPDS)
Operations 3–83 093–89D–3310 Perform EOD Procedures on a Nuclear Mission 3–84 093–89D–
3357 Supervise Emergency Contamination Control Station (ECCS) Operations 3–85 093–89D–
3406 Perform the EOD Procedures on a Depleted Uranium Mission 3–87

Ammonia and Haber Process
7.4
Case Study: The Haber Process:
Ammonia for Food and Bombs
From: Eros Wang
To: Ms. Irumekhai
Date: March 30, 2012
1. Suggest five factors that could affect the production of ammonia in the Haber process. Explain the
effect of each factor, using rate theory.
The Haber process itself is a delicate balancing act because of all the factors that affect the yield of
ammonia. In the Haber process, the nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia are in equilibrium. So five
factors that affect the production of ammonia would be:
a) Temperature. The reaction is an exothermic reaction, meaning it produces heat. The higher the
temperature in the reaction chamber, the less ammonia is produced, as the equilibrium shifts to the
right to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[pic]
Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) RDX is the main ingredient in plastic explosives. [pic]
c) Write the chemical equation that describes a nitroglycerine explosion. Why is this reaction
explosive? 1.4 C3H5 (ONO2)3([pic]) [pic]12 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g) + 6 N2(g) + O2(g) Nitroglycerin
is a dense, oily liquid that detonates if heated to 218°C or if subjected to mechanical shock. The
molecule is explosive for three reasons: 1). Nitroglycerin contains both oxidant and fuel. 2). The
decomposition is highly exothermic. Many reactions occur when nitroglycerin detonates, but the
overall process can be written 4C3H5(ONO2)3([pic]) [pic]12 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g) + 6 N2(g) +
O2(g) The reaction releases an enormous amount of heat because many strong bonds in the product
gas molecules replace the fewer, weaker bonds in nitroglycerin. Every mole of nitroglycerin that
detonates releases about 1.5 MJ of heat! 3). A large volume of gas is produced
d) What is gun cotton? What are its uses? How is it made? Nitrocellulose is a highly flammable
compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to nitric acid or another powerful
nitrating agent. When used as a propellant or low–order explosive, it is also known as guncotton.

6. a) Using equilibrium principles only, what advice would you give the company regarding the best
environment mental conditions for optimal ammonia

Hindu God Project: Hinduism
Hindu God Project:
Hinduism is an incredibly complex polytheistic religion, with its roots in the Indus River Valley
Civilization over 8000 years ago and is still practiced today. Hinduism is typically practiced by the
citizens of places such as India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. As indicated by its wide reaching
influences, Hinduism does not have one single founder, but started a shift into its more modern form
when Aryan invaders brought the Vedas into India around 1500 B.C.E. At its core Hinduism
believes in entities called the Brahman, the source of everything in the universe, from these
Brahman emerged over 330 million gods, all of which are different manifestations of the Brahman.
The most important gods in Hinduism are Vishnu, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trinitrotoluene is a commonly used explosive, and can be found in both the mining industries and
the military. In mining it is used for blasting large chunks of rock and stone away from a surface for
processing, and in the military, condensed tubes of trinitrotoluene are used for clearing barbed wire.
Trinitrotoluene is more commonly known as TNT and has the chemical formula C7H5N3O6 and is
classified as an element replacement. Like all explosives and energetic compounds, it creates
entropy or chaos within a closed system, and as indicated by the second law of thermodynamics
stating that entropy can never decrease, the system will never be restored to original order, and I
thought these properties made it fitting for the God of

The Responsibility Of The Manhattan Project During World...
The Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project started during World War II in 1940. The war was
between the two opposite military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Many new weapons were
manufactured during this war era. Two of these weapons happen to be "Little Boy" and "Fat Man."
These two weapons are nuclear atomic bombs, and they also ended World War II. The Manhattan
Project was responsible in manufacturing these weapons. Therefore, the United States (U.S.)
benefited from the Manhattan Project by using its weapons against Japan and dropping two nuclear
bombs on Japan's country which caused great destruction and gave them no choice but to surrender.
In 1939, after uranium fission was discovered, many people were discussing atomic ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The letter stated that German Nazi's were trying to purify Uranium 235, if they were to purify it they
would be able to create an atomic bomb. He also told the president that the U.S. should start
building in order to beat the other countries in making the nuclear weapons. On October 11th, 1939
Alexander Sachs (a scientist) went to President Franklin Roosevelt and discussed Albert Einstein's
letter. The president thought it was a good idea, so he started funding the project. This project was
known as the Manhattan Project. Once it was approved many scientists got involved, some scientists
that got involved were: Ken Bainbridge (test director of the project), David Bohm (theoretical
physics, philosophy, and neuropsychology), Leo Szilard, Eugene Wigher, Otto Frisch, Rudolf
Peieris, Felix Bloch, Niels Bohr, Emilio Segre, James Franck, Enrico Fermi, Klaus Fuchs, and
Eward Teiler. All these scientists got involved thus starting the Manhattan Project. In 1939,
American scientists (many of them were refugees in Europe) recommended the development of
ways to use nuclear fission for military purposes. Most of the existing research had been performed
at Columbia University in New York City. The project was based in Manhattan, New York. There
was more than 30 laboratories and sites, also there was more than 130,000 people that were involved
in different parts of nuclear research and development with three main locations were: Oak Ridge,
Tennessee; Richland, Washington; and Los

Agent Orange Effects On Vietnam
"Only you can prevent a forest."
It's a familiar phrase with a chilling alteration. This was the catchphrase of "Operation Ranch Hand,"
the nickname of the military mission to rain down 19 million pounds of herbicides over Southern
Vietnam between 1962 and 1971. 11 million pounds of these herbicides were Agent Orange, an
herbicide, named for the identifying orange stripe on its barrel, intended to devastate the dense
vegetation and force the enemy into the open. At the time, the United States government insisted
that the herbicides were harmless to humans and created no lasting harm. The main focus at the time
was that this development would turn the tide of the war and most importantly, spare American
soldiers' lives. After further laboratory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Or in the case of guerilla warfare, like Vietnam, soldiers seek shelter amongst the trees and
vegetation which leads to destruction in some of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. In
December of 1994, the DRC officially declared the first UN World Heritage Site to be endangered
because of armed conflict. This was due to the destruction not only caused directly through
firepower from the conflict but also caused by the refugees taking shelter there. They were using the
trees from the national park to build shelters and for firewood to cook meals, as well as to create
charcoal to sell. This lead to approximately 1,000 tons of wood being taken from the park each day.
Over time, about 32 square kilometers were completely deprived of its natural value (DeWeerdt).
Events like this have happened over and over again, to different degrees of severity maybe, but with
the same overarching effect– deforestation. This, in conjunction with increased soil disturbance,
leads to other issues like

Essay on review and critical thinking questions 08.06
Review questions 08.06
How are fire scenes different than regular crime scenes for investigators? They are different than
regular crime scenes because fire scenes have a different procedure. Plus, most fires scenes don't
require a search warrant. This is because it can take a long time to get a search warrant but with fire
scenes it is crucial to get the evidence as soon as possible because causes of the fire, like petroleum,
can evaporate within days, or even hours of the fire. Also, they need to know how to prevent the fire
from starting again and possibly injuring fire fighters or other emergency responders.
What is the blast effect? The blast effect is the outward rush of gases from the bomb's site of origin.
What are the two ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Do you think search warrants should be required for fire scenes? Why or why not? Search warrants
are not required for fire scenes because the evidence at fire scene needs to be collected as soon as
possible because it is important to determine where a fire started and why in order to prevent the fire
from starting again and possibly injuring fire fighters or other emergency responders. This wouldn't
be possible if we had to wait more than a couple hours for a search warrant.
Do you think more countries should adopt the practice of putting color coded chips in explosive
materials? Why or why not? I absolutely agree with the adaption of putting color coded chips in
explosives. These chips allow forensic scientists to track down viable information about the
explosive that will help find the culprit responsible for the explosion.
Why do you think crime scenes involving homemade bombs have increased? I think homemade
bomb crime scenes are increasing because of the opportunities we now have. This includes the
internet, which tells us how to make the bomb, and stores that sell and/or produce the supplies for
making the bombs.
Why do you think the procedures are different from normal crime scenes to those involving fire and
explosions? What benefits or challenges are there because of these different procedures? I think the
procedures are different from normal crime scenes to those involving fire and explosions

Meatheads: A Narrative Fiction
Katelyn said that she saw that the meatheads were unexpectedly shocked by being exposed. And, as
she watched them stand there on the front lawn completely dumbfounded and not knowing what to
do next. Whether it be to leave the chickens and run, piss themselves, or carry on with the
slaughtering of the birds. A voice–my grandmother's voice–unexpectedly came billowing up from
somewhere in the dark recesses of the yard. Katelyn said that she had instantly recognized the voice
as being my grandmother's, but she had felt it was much too loud, too–bombastic–to be hers. My
grandmother's voice having suddenly become so encompassing that Katelyn figured it must have
been magnified by an amplifier hidden away somewhere in the yard. But then ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
After they had left the air began to calm back down, and the birds, then just fluttered their wings
easing their descent until they had all reached the ground safely. Then they just began walking
around and went back to clucking like good chickens do. Katelyn went to the front door opening it
wide and peered out at my grandmother. My grandmother then called to her, telling her to come out
into the yard, telling her that the boys had left and wouldn't be back again. That she had nothing to
worry about any longer. My grandmother then picked up one of the chickens and began petting it–
Katelyn did the same. My grandmother told her that in the morning she would return the birds back
to the farmer to which they had belonged to. She then offered Katelyn a ride home. On the brief ride
back to Katelyn's house, Katelyn said that she wanted to, but never did ask my grandmother about
what had taken place out in her yard that night. She said that she knew deep down that what she had
witnessed was something more than just parlor tricks done with security lights on a timer, and a few
well–hidden speakers. She also felt that what she had seen was more than what her mind was
capable of accurately comprehending and wasn't quite sure if she could handle what my
grandmother might say had actually

How Do Weapons Affect The World
There are various harmful and helpful discoveries all over the world. Though a number of these
were created to hurt instead of help, many people look to the invention before looking to the mind of
a human. For instance, drugs are used to cure people, while others treat them as an addiction.
Similarly, weapons are used either to kill or protect. Good people choose good, while evil people
make poor choices. Inventions overall improve our world; however, some people handle them as a
detriment.
The most frequently used, harmful, and dangerous weapon across the world is the Automatic Rifle,
which was created in 1887 by General Manuel Mondragon. These powerful weapons were
previously used in the military after generals discovered the horrific demolition it could cause.
Tracing all the way back to its descendants, the AK–47, the M16A1, and the M–14, these rifles are
self–loading and capable of delivering fully–automatic, deadly weapon fire. Consequently, this
weapon is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Drugs are harmful, dangerous, and addictive, and there are many different kinds of them. Drugs are
not just common in America, but all around the world today. Being more popular than alcohol and
Vape, drugs affect the brain, causing its consumers to be unaware and completely unable to think or
process things normally. Drug abuse, not only affecting its consumers greatly, hurt their friends,
families, and children and cause millions of deaths every year. In America, drug abuse causes four
thousand seven hundred and ninety deaths per year, and eighty–five thousand five hundred and
eighty–four deaths are caused by drug abuse in the world alone. Unfortunately, the number of drug
abusers and consumers are increasing by the year, and the number of lives lost because of this
invention is immeasurable. Like all addictions, drug dealing is common, destructive, and leaves
bitter consequences to the consumer and the world around

Nuclear Pulse Propulsion : A Theoretical Propulsion Method...
Nuclear pulse propulsion is a theoretical propulsion method for propelling space fairing vehicles
into space and around space. It was first proposed in this form in 1946 by Stanislaus Ulam. The idea
of using explosives as a source of propulsion was not a new concept. Hermann Ganswindt was the
first to publish the concept in his book "Das jengste Gericht". Due to that fact that this book is
exceedingly rare, it can be concluded that this was not an earth–shattering revelation. There are
many advantages to nuclear pulse propulsion, such as cost, lift capacity, and speed; but there are
many disadvantages as well, such as the proliferation of nuclear arms, the possibility of a
radioactive fallout, and others. To understand Nuclear pulse propulsion, it is important to intimately
understand nuclear weapons, thermonuclear weapons, and miniaturization. There are several types
of nuclear weapons, but they all have the same physics. A nuclear weapon uses one of various
methods to bring certain substances, namely plutonium 239 and uranium 235, to critical mass in
order to cause fission. Fission only occurs when a material reaches critical mass. When a material
reaches critical mass, injecting neutrons causes fission, although fission can also occur without
injecting extra neutrons, due to spontaneous fission. The injected neutrons immediately begin
scattering and some hit a large atom. When this happens with certain materials, such as those listed
previously, the splitting of the atom

Adolf Hitler's Accomplishments
Early in 1939, the start of World War Two, Germany was becoming a world super power. Germany
had an estimated eight million Hitler Youth soldiers, a booming economy, and newfound
nationalism. Germany was out of their depression, and after years of being ostracized from the rest
of the world, they were united. The German people loved their country and they also loved the man
who pulled them out of their economic depression. Adolf Hitler now the Keizer to Germany, every
German man, women, and child worshiped him. Hitler's greed, power, and military dominance soon
overshadowed his bright smile and firm handshake. Hitler was on the hunt for the "Master Race".
The Lebensborn or "Foundation of Life" program was attempting to make the Aryan race, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tibbetts, JR., dropped the first atomic bomb "Little Boy" on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. The heat
and debris instantly vaporized seven hundred thousand citizens. Two days later, the Soviet Union
declared war on Japan. Many historians still argue over the reasons why Japan did not surrender
after the first devastating attack. Some believe Japan was not entirely sure it was a bomb, they
received numerous reports about the attack but they were unsure. Others believe it was because they
would not be forced into surrender, they would do it on their own terms. No matter what the
explanation is, Japan delayed surrendering. On August 9, 1945 a "mushroom" cloud rose over the
Japanese city of Nagasaki. A ten thousand three hundred pound, one hundred and twenty eight inch
bomb nicknamed "Fat Man", also known as Mark III, was detonated by Major Charles W. Sweeney.
This was the second nuclear weapon of mass destruction used against Japan and resulted in eight
hundred thousand deaths. In a matter of three days, one million five hundred thousand human lives
were taken. In months and years that followed, an additional hundred thousand lives perished
because of burns and radiation poisoning. Fires were caused over two miles away from the original
explosion. Finally, Japan issued a formal surrender ceremony in Tokyo Bay, Japan, aboard the
battleship USS Missouri on September 2, 1945.
Today New Mexico has more

Flight 82181
Celebrity Airlines Flight 82181
Found on Celebrity Airlines Flight 82181 were a number of substances brought on by passengers.
Given that the crash was ruled a terrorist attack, identification of all substances found on and in the
bodies and luggages of the victims needed to be made. To do this, empirical and molecular formulas
were put into use when determining substance identities. Each substance was tested to find the
percent composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, and then used to find the empirical
formula of the substance by using 100 grams of each substance to represent 100% made up by the
elements combined. The mass of each element in the substance calculated from the percent was then
divided by the molar mass of that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Victims number 6 and 10 were both found with matching substances, in their bloodstream and
pocket, respectively, composed of 75.42% carbon, 6.63% hydrogen, 8.38% nitrogen, and 9.57%
oxygen (Table 2). The steps described above to find the molecular formula were taken, and the
molecular formula was found to be C21H22N2O2, or strychnine, commonly known as rat
poisoning, a substance highly toxic to humans. From this data, it can be concluded that victim
number 10 had murdered victim number 6 with the strychnine, as it was found in victim 10's pocket
and victim 6's bloodstream, and anyone with any common knowledge or with the ability to read
knows not to ingest rat poisoning, making it obvious that victim 6 was murdered. To identify the two
victims, any other substances found on their person and in their personal luggage had to be
identified and then matched with any prior knowledge of the victims. Victim 6, the murder victim,
was found two other substances: C14H18N2O5 , aspartame, and C8H10N4O2 , caffeine, (page 7).
Both of these two substances are found in Diet Coke, something the mother of Miley Cyrus said she
never travelled without, (page 8). Furthermore, in the luggage of victim 10, a substance with the
molecular formula of C12H17NO (page 7), also known as DEET or insect repellent was found.
Based off of this evidence, coupled with family interviews, victim

Women In War
"Rather than being armed with guns, firepower and brute strength, women and girls were armed
with patriotism, conscientiousness, and vigilance.
Women working– More than one million women worked in several different areas to help fuel the
economy as part of the workforce, replacing the men who had left for war. Areas include= farming,
munitions (weapons manufacturing became the biggest employer of women) railway guards and
ticket collectors, buses and tram conductors, textiles, elevator operator, chauffeurs, railroad
trackwalkers, section hand, locomotive wipers and oilers, locomotive dispatchers, block operators,
draw bridge attendants, machine shop workers , steel mill workers, airplane works, boot blacking,
postal workers, police, firefighters, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Canada's fragile economy at the time was feared to crash during the first sight of war, but the
women who went to accept the multiplying job openings in factories saved the economy. As a result,
more munitions were being produced, providing economic stimulus. Wartime labor saw an increase,
from only a few companies that produced munitions to several, in total producing goods worth 2
million per day. By 1917, Canada produced almost one third of Britain's shells, many of which were
Canadian women. The Imperial Munitions Board's 600 factories oversaw 103 naval vessels, 2,600
training aircraft, and 30 flying

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Trinitrotoluene
TNT is more accurately known as Trinitrotoluene (more specifically 2,4,6–trinitrotoluene), a Class A
explosive. Its molecular formula is C7H5N3O6 OR C6H2(CH3)(NO2)3 OR C6H2(NO2)3CH3.
This compound includes the elements Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen, notably 37.0%
Carbon, 2.2% Hydrogen, 18.5% Nitrogen, and 42.3% Oxygen. It is an explosive chemical (a
combustible solid) with toxic and hazardous effects. Commonly experienced symptoms due to
exposure mainly include headaches, weakness, anemia, liver injury, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
dermatitis, cyanosis, toxic hepatitis, etc. It's an incredibly hazardous explosive, considering it is
absorbed by the skin, its vapors are toxic, toxic fumes are released when decomposed due to high
temperatures, and it detonates under excessive shock or heat. Physically, TNT is a colorless or pale–
yellow and odorless solid or crushed flake, and it is synthetic (does not occur naturally on Earth). It
has a molecular weight of 227.132 g/mol, hydrogen donor count of 0, hydrogen acceptor count of 6,
relatable bond count of 0, complexity of 292, topological polar surface of 138 A^2, mass of 227.018
g/mol, heavy atom count of 16, covalently bonded unit count of 1, and formal charge of 0. Its
structural shape changes. Its boiling point (point at which it explodes) is 464º F (240 deg C) at 760
mmHg. It is also insoluble, but has a few exceptions. At 18 deg C, it is soluble in the following
solvents: chloroform, ether, and carbon tetrachloride.

Molecular Formulas
Empirical formulas are to show the lowest whole number of an element in a compound. The
empirical formulas were used to identify which victim was exposed to the substances found on the
plane. Molecular formulas are used to show how many atoms of each element is present in a
molecule of a molecular compound. The molecular formulas were used to identify the substances
exposed on the plane. Both were very useful to identify the murderer, the victim, terrorist, and what
caused the crash. The murderer was Selena Gomez. Based off the data, it was discovered that Selena
had C12H17NO, which is insect repellent, in her pocket and C21H22N2O2, which is rat poison, in
her luggage.. It was clear that Selena was exposed to insect repellent, she was worried about the
bugs ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was odd to see that she was exposed to rat poison, yet when it was discovered that Miley Cyrus
has rat poison in her blood, it was clear. The two had been feuding for a few years already and it was
shown that Selena might have been out to get Miley Cyrus. This leads to the victim, Miley Cyrus. It
was shown that Miley Cyrus had C14H18N2O5 and C4H5N2O, which is caffeine and aspartame,
both fouin her blood, both of the compounds are found in diet coke. She also had rat poison,
C21H22N2O2, found in her blood. As shown earlier, it was reason to believe that Selena Gomez
was out to get Miley Cyrus as the two have been feuding for a couple years now. During the
investigation, it was revealed that only two of the victims were exposed to explosive chemicals, Toni
Braxton and Kanye West. Toni Braxton had the explosive chemical, nitroglycerine, in her blood and
in her pockets. Nitroglycerine is also found in heart medicine, which is why Toni Braxton had the
chemical had it in her blood, as she had a mild

The Impact Of Oil On The Economy
History Of Oil In The Economy For a very long time, oil was widely used for things such as
medicine, lubricants and adhesives. However, 'A new era began when Edwin Drake successfully
produced commercially usable quantities of crude oil from a 69–foot well in Pennsylvania in 1859'
(Parker, 2013). In the 19th century, oil became a key player in all industries, businesses, technology
and geopolitics (Hinsdale, 2014).
Oil has become the means of survival for both consumers and producers. Consequently, the
fluctuations in the price of oil have become one of the greatest concerns in the economy. According
to Branginskii, 'the market of energy carriers, primarily oil, are a great threat to world economy.
Lack of clarity with crude oil prices ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After being vertically and horizontally integrated, the organization decided to better the quality of its
oil by hiring scientists to increase economic efficiency and reliability. Although The Standard Oil
Company was not the only refinery at this point in time, it was a key player in the industry. Once a
degraded product, oil fuelled cars and planes: a necessity in World War 1. Wall explained how land
and oil was negotiated: 'the various oil strikes focused attention on a legal situation unique to the
United States. Land ownership carried with it rights to all subsoil minerals, termed the common law
right of capture. Oil companies, like other mineral companies, negotiated with each landowner for
drilling rights'. Designated land had to be agreed upon, not just by landowners, but also by the
government. 'World War II made the oil industry a key American resource. Oil company research
and executive leadership played major roles in the conflict. Research increased the number of
products made from petroleum and natural gas, including the explosive Trinitrotoluene and artificial
rubber. Oil tankers supplied gasoline for the Allies at great risk from submarine attacks. The
government rationed gasoline and controlled prices during the war and ended the delusion that
American supplies of crude were unlimited. From this, the industry and the securing of oil became a
top priority for both foreign and domestic policy' (Wall, 2014). Today, approximately 90% of

The Dangers Of Nuclear Bombs
Nuclear Bombs
What would happen if the most powerful countries in the world started a nuclear war? In society,
many people will agree that nuclear bombs are a threat to humankind and the all life on Earth. To
this day, several countries still have nuclear bombs and weapons. This can affect the world because
countries with nuclear weapons have even threatened to use these against other countries, which
could start a third, more deadly, world war.
The last World War (WW2) was the only war that actually used nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons
are categorized into two major types of bombs. The first is called an atomic bomb and it can kill
thousands of people, but the hydrogen bomb is even worse and can kill ten times the number of
living things. When a nuclear bomb explodes, it either releases uranium or plutonium atoms, smoke,
dust, and soot. As this happens, the bombs pollute the ground, food, water and air. When the
chemicals get into large and small bodies of water, it can destroy the ecosystem and hurt people who
eat food grown or raised in the area. Even when there is wind, it is still dangerous. The wind can
carry the chemicals which travel for miles and can be destructive to habitats. Nuclear bombs can kill
living things almost instantly, but if the people near the explosion don't die, they usually suffer from
radiation, very severe burns, flying glass and deadly debris. When the United States dropped an
atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan and Nagasaki, Japan in

Preventing a Manmade Apocalypse Essays
This world is filled with constant warfare and the threat of safety. Nations all over the world are in
constant conflict to protect their country and their rights. Weapons of mass destruction are at the
epicenter of this constant threat against peace and life. The presence of weapons of mass destruction
is a serious threat to the world and daily life, requires much concern, and needs to be addressed
because of the imminent threat of massive destruction. Weapons of mass destruction are divided into
biological, chemical, and nuclear devices (Porteus 1). The uses of weapons of mass destruction can
range from the silent threat of a poison gas attack to a cataclysmic nuclear explosion (Porteus 1).
Biological terrorism can include anything ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sickening effects of biological weapons of mass destruction can be treated with antidotes,
antibiotics, vaccines, or stomach pumping (Porteus 2). Russia, Iraq, North Korea, and Syria possess
biological weapons as well as the United States, who studies some substances, such as anthrax, in
laboratories (Porteus 2). Symptoms determine the classification of chemical weapons of mass
destruction, such as blistering and nerve agents (Porteus 2). Other forms "include: blood agents,
including cyanide, arsine, cyanogen chloride, and hydrogen chloride; choking agents, including
chlorine, diphosgene and phosgene; other nerve agents; and vesicants, such as distilled mustard,
ethyldichloroarsine, mustard–lewisite mixture, and forms of nitrogen mustard" (Porteus 2–3).
Included also are harassing agents, such as riot control chemicals and vomiting agents (Porteus 3).
The primary chemical weapons are mustard gas, sarin (GB), VX, soman (GD), and tabun (Porteus
2). Skin contact, inhalation, eye contact, deployment via commercial handheld agricultural sprayers,
crop dusters, and spray tanks on aircraft or ships, deployment via munitions delivered by gravity
bombs, or in warheads on ballistic or cruise missiles, water and food contamination, and opening a
container full of harmful chemicals in a crowded area are all delivery systems of chemical weapons
of mass destruction (Porteus 3). Burning or blistering of the skin and

Phytoremediation: Using Plants To Combat a Stressed...
Phytoremediation: Using Plants To Combat a Stressed Environment
Plants have long been adapting the traits necessary to survive in a wide variety of stressful
environments – including areas of high salinity, extreme heat, drought, and freezing temperatures –
but now, using genetic modification, scientists have been able to expand the role that plants play in
the environment. With the advent of transgenic biotechnology, plants can be enhanced with qualities
that not only allow them to flourish in stressed environments but also allow them to be used in the
effort to alleviate certain environmental stresses. Phytoremediators, plants that are used to clean–up
soil in contaminated areas, can remove heavy metals, arsenic, petroleum, TNT, ... Show more
(Bentjen, 2002)
Phytoremediation is a naturally occurring process that was recognized and documented by humans
more than 300 years ago. (Lasat, 2000) Since this time, humans have exploited certain plants'
abilities to survive in contaminated areas and to assist in the removal of contaminants from soil.
However, true scientific study and development of these plants unique qualities was not conducted
until the early 1980's. (Lasat, 2000) At this time it was recognized that certain species of plants
could accumulate high levels of heavy metals from the soil while continuing to grow and proliferate
normally. (Lasat, 2000) Although research has been slow and tedious due to scientists' incomplete
understanding of the generalized cellular mechanisms of plants, the advent of new genetic
technology has allowed scientists to determine the genetic basis for high rates of accumulation of
toxic substances in plants. (Clemens et al., 2002) Using genetic engineering, scientists may soon be
able to exploit this characteristic to provide a faster more efficient means of removing contaminants
from the soil. Genetic

War Has No Limits Of War
The Japanese 's mouth glowed with huge gold–crowned teeth, and his captor wanted them. He put
the point of his kabar [combat knife] on the base of a tooth and hit the handle with the palm of his
hand. Because the Japanese was kicking his feet and thrashing about, the knife point glanced off the
tooth and sank deeply into the victim 's mouth. The Marine cursed him and with a slash cut his
cheeks open to each ear. He put his foot on the sufferer 's lower jaw and tried again. Blood poured
out of the soldier 's mouth. He made a gurgling noise and thrashed wildly. I shouted, "Put the man
out of his misery." All I got for an answer was a cussing out. Another Marine ran up, put a bullet in
the enemy soldier 's brain, and ended his agony. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Society is completely unaware of the blood, gore, and true horrors that war brings leading them to
become desensitized and accepting of war. Military advancements have shaped how war is fought
today. Now that war can be fought by bombing enemies with drones thousands of miles away, face–
to–face combat is not as present as before making war seem less gruesome to society. "World War II
is considered to have been the largest and deadliest war in world history, killing 62 million people
on the battlefield, in massive bombings of civilians in cities, and by genocide" (World War II 147).
Many people believe that war only involves the soldiers fighting in the front–line. The harsh reality
that society seems to dismiss is that thousands of innocent people have died because of war. "In
World War II cities became the prime military targets of air and ground campaigns" (Roger W.
Lotchin). World War II had been going on long enough and the United States had already lost
thousands of lives (America at War: The War Ends in the Pacific). To avoid losing any more men
and ending the war the United States decided to make the Atomic Bomb (America at War: The War
Ends in the Pacific). "Approved by Roosevelt, scientists working under military direction had
devised a devastating bomb based on atomic fission" (Elbridge Colby). The goal of the Atomic
Bomb was to get Japan to

Manhattan Project Process
The Manhattan Project involved a long process of different steps to start the project and develop the
atomic bomb. After President Roosevelt in scientists "took steps in 1939 to organize a project to
exploit the newly recognized fission process for military purposes" ("Atomic"). One aspect of
development was the "scientists at Oak Ridge [that] worked on uranium and others at Hanford on
plutonium" (Schneider 197). The actual production of the weapons from the materials produced by
Hanford and Oak Ridge were at Los Alamos with the direction of Berkely physicist J. Robert
Oppenheimer (Bondi 493). Nuclear fuel for atomic weapons was opened for production after Italian
refugee physicist Enrico Fermi produced the first uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction (Schneider
211). It is a "self–sustaining process of energy release from atomic fission. By the end of the same
year many scientists believed that the process of nuclear fission could be used ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The radiation emitted can still affect people today because the first explosion site is open to the
public for limited visits. People come to see the crater, but "according to the public affairs office at
White Sands, a one–hour visit to ground zero will result in a whole body exposure of one–half to
one millirem. To put this in perspective, a U.S. adult receives 360 millirems on average every year
from natural and medical sources" (Than). The atomic bombs' "lingering effects could re–shape the
environment in ways never conceived. In terms of climate, a nuclear blast could plunge
temperatures across large swaths of the globe" (Bryner). The loads of black smoke from the
explosions would settle into the upper atmosphere and absorb sunlight before it reaches our planet's
surface which changes the climate (Bryner). The Manhattan Project inadvertently contributed to the
causes of global warming and climate

Chemical And Biological Properties Of Soil Pollution
It is always difficult to remove contaminations from soils because it contains many toxic chemicals
such as (Pb, As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg and Zn). This chemicals mixed with the soil after burning of
industrial waste, electronics waste or uses of agricultural technology. Then rain water makes it seep
deep into the soil and cause soil pollution. This makes it so difficult and time consuming to remove,
particularly when the affected area is on a large scale. Soil is made of by two components which are
organic and inorganic solid constituent, water and mixture of different gasses present in various
proportions. The mineral component in the soil varies, according to the parent material which the
soils had been developed due to the issue of different type of climate conditions. Also, soil can also
be classified into three different properties, physical, chemical and biological properties. Physical
properties of soil are being controlled by soil water movement, such as texture and soil structures.
The soil moisture have high tendency in controlling solute movement, salt solubility, chemical
reaction and microbiological activities and most importantly the bioavailability of metal ions. In this
situation, a successful phytoremediation program must be considered as an alternative in the specific
site. In the past lots of researchers have tried different method in order to mitigate or reclaim the
heavy metals polluted soils, but so far phytoremediation is the best of all because it is

Violence In Anil's Ghost
Anil's Ghost Portfolio
Violence is a theme seen throughout the world in all forms of media and literature. As a society we
are exposed to violence so much that people's biggest fears are that they will become fully
desensitized to the violence. Many are at this point where violence is as emotional , but some forms
of violence are still so disturbing they transcend all levels of desensitization. Some examples are
exhibited in Anil's Ghost. By Michael Ondaatje. All forms of violence are disturbing, but some, even
if they seem pretty tame when explained are increasingly disturbing when put into context of the
novel. Though, many see violence against a character who a reader is emotionally invested in is very
disturbing. The most disturbing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The stories ability to paint a picture of the scene, give life to those who are dead, and convey Anil's
thought process makes this story excel. Though, the story does jump around and is hard to
understand the writing style is very concise and is easy to understand. Every sense is explained, and
this adds to the emotion of the story. The extreme detail makes the story intensely disturbing in
some areas. Ondaatje's writing style instill a theme of death in the story not only relating to the
random murders seen throughout the book, but also by giving life to the bodies that are being
examined in the story. There is a scene in the book where a leaf falls into the ribcage of sailor and
represents the beating heart. This small detail helps reinforce the fact that sailer and the other bodies
in the story are real characters and actually effect the story. The novel only asks for your attention
because the story requires a lot of it. Every sentence builds a scene then it quickly changes. This is
also the case when we have a chance to listen to Anil and Gamini's rambling thoughts, and dialouges
where it's mostly medical related each is different, but it alway involves dark humor. While Anil is
visiting Gamini he goes on one of the rambles in the book by saying, "I mean, I know everything
about blast weaponry. Mortars, claymores, antipersonnel mines which

Low Probability Of Soil Contamination
a) Need to find if there is any place within the project site where there is a high probability of soil
contamination (maybe next to bins?). The old paints manufactured in 1980s will be having more
lead in it. If lead mixed paints are used after few years the paint will peels off. It can happen due to
some manual activities too like stripping, sand blasting and scrubbing on it. Lead paint had not been
used on the outside of the site or the places nearer to the site. Otherwise the peeled off paint will be
contaminating the soil there (Raymond et al, 2011). Whether pressure treated wood was used to
build the structures of the site? Then the site will be having lot of soil contamination (Panagos et all,
2013). Pesticide chemicals should ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If there is a presence of gas stations, fuel tanks nearby to the site then there will be a definite chance
of petroleum leaks and that will contaminate the soil there (Panagos et all , 2013). If there is any
automobile industries and machine repair shops nearby then Petroleum products , PAHs,
trichloroethylene, rubber products, metals like chromium , lead , molybdenum and used batteries
will be dumped to the soil and the soil will be contaminated due to that. If there is any garbage
dumping stations then the chemical dumps and electronic dumps will contaminate the soil (DR
Baldwin et al, 1999). b) Is there any chance that the selected options can contribute to soil
contamination (through infiltration)? Yes. Almost all the above types will cause soil contamination.
Concentration of the lead in the soil is one form of contamination that leads to many forms of
contamination. Pesticides are chemicals. These chemicals are used as insecticides, herbicides,
fungicides and all types of poisons like rodent poisons (S.C.Reed et al, 1995). Lot of researches are
showing that the commercial and industrial activities that involves chemicals causes contamination.
High traffic areas are getting contaminated mainly due to emitted gas from the vehicles (P.H.Raven
et al, 1998). Pressure treated wood are used to form decks, swing sets, play spaces. Arsenic,
especially chromatic copper arsenate or CCA is used

Detection or Identification of Trace Amounts of Explosives
The detection and/or identification of trace amounts of explosives.
The review of each method should include a description of the way the method works and the
advantages and drawbacks of the technique.
Introduction
An explosive, are reactive substances that contain a large amount of potential energy that can yield
an explosion if they are released rapidly, they are accompanied by the production of light, heat,
sound, and pressure. Mainly used in the mining industry for extraction of minerals and resources,
explosives have been used as a weapon of destruction. Explosives often contain oxidising
substances such as nitrates chlorates, and a binding agent such as ammonium and potassium, which
can be detected and analysed to prevent such substances from being used as a weapon.
Explosives detection is critically important in many field settings (e.g., military facilities,
minefields, crime scenes, and remediation sites) and has become a necessity for the safety of the
general public (e.g., at airports and mass transit areas), there remains a demand for inexpensive and
reliable explosive instruments for identifying specific explosives. High explosives are considered to
be organic and oxidizing, a relatively uncommon mixture that makes them tractable for molecular
recognition.
On 22 December 2001 Richard Colvin Reid also known as the Shoe Bomber attempted to detonate
explosives packed into the shoes he was wearing, while on American Airlines Flight 63 from Paris
to Miami.

Term Paper on Dogs
Research Paper on Dogs
There are two types of dogs on the planet, working dogs and worthless dogs. If you are a pet lover I
should now have your attention. Yes, I know if you have a dog that is just a pet they can supply
needed love or companionship but there is a class of dogs out there that can do this while earning
their keep, working dogs. There are many uses for working dogs such as hunting, herding, guarding,
rescue work, police work, and more. The two types of working dogs I wish to share some
information about is Police Patrol Dogs and Police Detector Dogs.
In the high technology world we live in today you would think there would be some machine,
computer, robot or other piece of equipment made to do anything that needs to be ... Show more
The pain avoidance comes into play when the dog makes a mistake he gets a verbal correction, a
choke chain snapping his neck or both. All patrol dogs are on a fixed ratio reward schedule. This
means every time the dog does something right he gets praised or he gets a bite. On the other hand
every time he does something wrong he gets a correction verbal or physical.
In contrast food or prey kill is most often used as the primary reward in detector work. As long as
the dogs' needs are met food can be a very good motivator. If a dog needs twenty ounces of food a
day but I only give him ten ounces at meals I then have ten to work with while searching for
substances. Prey kill is also widely used in detector work, unlike patrol training, the need is met by
allowing the dog to bite a ball, kong, squeaky toy or pull wraps. Avoidance training is the same in
both patrol and detector training. Detector dogs unlike patrol dogs are usually not on a fixed ratio
reward schedule. Most drug dogs are on a variable ratio or a fixed time schedule. This means after
an unset number of finds the dog receives his reward or after a set amount of time he receives his
reward while working. Explosive dogs are usually on a variable ratio and variable time schedule.
This allows the handler to decide when the dog needs a reward but saves time during an explosive
search.
The actual duties of the patrol dog are very wide in scope. The main categories are tracking,
scouting, searching

The Importance Of Women During The Gallipoli Campaign
Page 1 title page Chapter 3 THE ANZACS IN WW1 2 index page Page Number What Is On The
Page 1 Title Page 2 Index Page 3 Why did Australia go go to Gallipoli? What was the aim of the
Dardanelles campaign? 4 Describe the landing on 25th April 1915. 5 Explain the conditions at
Gallipoli for the Anzacs 6 Describe the role of women during the Gallipoli campaign. 7 Describe
one battle in depth – eg Lone Pine or the Nek 8 How and why did Australians evacuate? 9 How has
Gallipoli helped shape Australia, an understanding of who we are, and the larrikin spirit? 10
Conclusion section that links back to driving question and explains why ANZAC legend continues
today 11 Bibliography/primary and secondary source 12 Source Question 3) Why did ... Show more
The high hills and rough terrain that surrounded them was not what they were told to prepare and
expect. The initial plan had failed. The Turkish occupied the higher ground having an advantage
over the ANZACs, who had to create tunnels/trenches with the sea right behind them. –5 ) Explain
the conditions at Gallipoli for the Anzacs. The ANZAC's arrived in Gallipoli during the late spring
season. The weather was different to what the soldiers were used to back under the hot Australian
sun. Half way through the year the weather became hot. Plagues and diseases carried by fleas and
flies, were spread around. Soldiers/Troops that arrived in perfect health conditions, were very soon
seen developing and suffering from from health problems; dysentery, diarrhoea, gastroenteritis and
infestations of lice. Water was supplied from Egypt, but it was never enough, therefore it was near
impossible to keep clean, and stay hygienic. Germs, plagues and diseases were spread due to the
lack of cleanliness. Toilets were large, deep holes in the ground. By October, troops experienced the
harsh,bitter winter cold. This poor lack of hygiene, led to around 20% of the men sick from diseases.
During the war the ANZACs had to face terrible conditions, from the constant noise of machine
guns, bullets, cramped and dirty places, hunger, thirst, tiredness, deaths of soldiers, diseases, smell,
unsanitary food. –6) Describe the role of women during the

Invention Of Dynamite
Dynamite has helped humanity out for years in good way and negative ways as well. We haven't
really payed much attention on how useful has been to us. Dynamite is a high explosive consisting
of nitroglycerine mixed with an absorbent material and typically adding groups (from nitric acid) to
toluene. At low temperatures, the mono nitrotoluenes are made, and as the reaction temperature is
increased, the dynatron compounds are formed, until eventually TNT is formed.
Who invented dynamite? The creator of dynamite was Alfred Nobel. He was born October 21, 1883,
in Stockholm Sweden. He was Swedish and had four siblings. He lived with both his parents. One of
his famous quotes was," If I have a thousand ideas and only one turns out to be good, I am
satisfied." He was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman and a philanthropist.
Why was dynamite made? One possible reason for Swedish engineer Alfred Nobel's invention of
dynamite was the safety of construction work and blasting rock in the mid–1800s. Nobel helped
build bridges in Stockholm. Nitroglycerine was used in the detonation of rock, and it was a
relatively unsafe method. According to the Nobel Prize Organization, Alfred Nobel's brother Emil
was killed in a nitroglycerine explosion. He wanted to make sure no one was hurt because of
dangerous explosions in work. He knew construction would always be hard work and dangerous to
destroy buildings by hand, so he needed something faster and more

Army Regulation 190–51
Army Regulation 190–51
Military Police
Security of
Unclassified
Army Property
(Sensitive and
Nonsensitive)
Headquarters
Department of the Army
Washington, DC
30 September 1993
UNCLASSIFIED
SUMMARY of CHANGE
AR 190–51
Security of Unclassified Army Property (Sensitive and Nonsensitive)
This revision–– o Consolidates paragraphs 6 through 9, 11, 13, 15 through 17, and 19 of AR 190–18
into chapter 5 and AR 190–50 into chapter 4. o Consolidates all responsibilities, to include
controlled substances and museums (chap 1). o Adds requirements for conducting risk analyses
during construction planning for assets of units or activities that will occupy new or renovated
facilities or facility additions (para 2–2). o Adds some ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Deputy Chief of Staff for
Operations and Plans may delegate this authority, in writing, to a division chief within the proponent
agency in the grade of colonel or the civilian equivalent. The a p p r o v a l a u t h o r i t y w i l l c o
o r d i n a t e a l l questions regarding the scope of authority t o a p p r o v e e x c e p t i o n s w i t h
H Q D A
( D A J A – A L ) , W a s h i n g t o n , D C
20310–2200.
Army management control process.
This regulation is subject to the requirements of AR 11–2. It contains internal control provisions but
does not contain checklists for conducting internal control reviews. These checklists are contained in
D e p a r t m e n t o f t h e A r m y C i r c u l a r
11–89–2.
S u p p l e m e n t a t i o n . S u p p l e m e n t a t i o n o f this regulation and establishment of
command and local forms are prohibited witho u t p r i o r a p p r o v a l f r o m H Q D A
( D A M O – O D L – S ) , 4 0 0 A r m y P e n t a g o n ,

Washington, DC 20310–0400.
I n t e r i m c h a n g e s . I n t e r i m c h a n g e s t o this regulation are not official unless they a r e
a u t h e n t i c a t e d b y t h e A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
Assistant to the Secretary of the Army.
U s e r s w i l l d e s t r o y i n t e r i m c h a n g e s o n their expiration dates unless sooner
superseded or rescinded.
Suggested Improvements. Users are invited to send comments and

What Does It Mean To Say Boom Goes The Dynamite
"Boom goes the dynamite" is a popular saying. Some people like me wanted to go a little deeper and
ask, who made dynamite and what makes dynamite go boom? Well i have the answer for both of the
questions and the answers are ascanio sobrero and nitroglycerin.
Our first run over is what is nitroglycerin? Nitroglycerin or nitro (NG) is a heavy, colorless, oily,
Explosive liquid. Chemically, the substance is an organic nitrate compound rather than a nitro
compound. Since the 1880's, nitro or (NG)/nitroglycerin, has been used in the military as a solid
propellant. You may know a solid propellants main use which is to propel a bullet. What made nitro
so popular was its use to make a smokeless explosive unlike the beginning guns that when you fired,

Challenging Gender Expectations On Pat Barker 's...
Challenging Gender Expectations in Pat Barker's Regeneration
Siegfried Sassoon and Sarah Lumb in Pat Barker's Regeneration (1991) exemplify the bravery of
those fighting against gender norms during the First World War. Sassoon proves his bravery by
writing to protest the war to his military superiors and the broader public. Sarah courageously goes
against her society's and her mother's gender norms by taking on a more masculine role. Sarah is
sexually independent in her relationship with Billy Prior by behaving as an equal as opposed to
playing the passive feminine role. She does not wait for her mother's approval of Prior, and is eager
to enjoy the independence women's war work offers. Sarah worked at a munition factory being paid
for manual labor. She is not intimidated by those trying to control her, but instead courageously
takes on a more masculine role. Sassoon also challenges gender expectations by writing about the
emotional traumas of war, as well as by discreetly exploring his own sexuality, opening himself up
to criticisms of feminine weakness. Though his unconventional acts led to accusations of mental
illness, Sassoon courageously refuses the opportunity to retain his reputation for a more
conventional masculinity and openly demonstrates his weakness and emotions to the public. Though
Sassoon and Sarah are seemingly safe at home and even oppose the war, they both demonstrate a
new kind of bravery by resisting gender norms in the face of social opposition in

The Atomic Bomb Changed The Course Of History

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Sarah Gordon

More from Sarah Gordon (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Atomic Bomb Changed The Course Of History