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Helical Tomotherapy Sterzing, Schubert, Sroka-Perez, Kalz, Debus, Herfarth.  Strahlentherapie und Onkologie. 2008 Jan 11;184(1):8-14. Presenter: Dr Santam Chakraborty Date: 21.02.08
Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Need for Image Guidance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Overview of IGRT Techniques
IGRT – Panacea or Problem ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Patients and Methods
Study Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Site Distribution
Tumor Types Treated ,[object Object],[object Object]
Radiotherapy Planning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Immobilization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MV CT Imaging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Setup Correction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results
Time Effort ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time Effort
Time Effort
Imaging and Position Accuracy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Discussion
Major Advantages highlighted ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Critiques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Design Characteristics
Tomotherapy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Design Principles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Jeswani S, Mackie TR, Aoyama H. Overview of the HI-ART TM Helical Tomotherapy System.
Machine Interior Fenwick JD, Tome WA, Soisson ET, Mehta MP, Rock Mackie T. Tomotherapy and Other Innovative IMRT Delivery Systems. Seminars in Radiation Oncology. 2006 Oct ;16(4):199-208.
LINAC Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Jaw Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Machine Head configuration
Beam Characteristics: Projection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Beam Characteristics: Pitch ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Binary MLC Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],LINAC Cone Beam Y jaw Y jaw Fan Beam Binary MLC
Couch Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Workstation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Shielding Requirements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Balog J, Lucas D, DeSouza C, Crilly R. Helical tomotherapy radiation leakage and shielding considerations. Med. Phys. 2005 Mar 0;32(3):710-719.
Planning Process
Planning process ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Planning Process ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Planning Process ,[object Object],[object Object],PTV 1 PTV 2 If priority of PTV 1 is less than PTV 2 then its DVH wont be computed at all !!! If PTV 2 has a lesser priority but remains an overlapping organ for DVH calculation, volume inside PTV1 wont be taken into DVH calculation Saibishkumar EP, Jha N, Scrimger RA, MacKenzie MA, Daly H, Field C, et al. Sparing the parotid glands and surgically transferred submandibular gland with helical tomotherapy in post-operative radiation of head and neck cancer: A planning study. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2007 Oct ;85(1):98-104.
Generated H&N Plan
Generated Plans
Cranio-caudal Penumbra ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bauman G, Yartsev S, Rodrigues G, Lewis C, Venkatesan VM, Yu E, et al. A Prospective Evaluation of Helical Tomotherapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 2007 Jun 1;68(2):632-641.
MV-CT Imaging and Adaptive RT
Imager Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Image Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Image Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Matching of images ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MV-CT Images
 
Cone beam CT vs Tomo MV CT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Adaptive Planning process ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ART: Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1. 2. 3.
ART: Why ? Due to a change in the contours (e.g. Weight Loss) the actual dose received by the organ can vary significantly from the planned dose despite accurate setup and lack of motion.
Importance: Adaptive RT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hansen EK, Bucci MK, Quivey JM, Weinberg V, Xia P. Repeat CT imaging and replanning during the course of IMRT for head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Feb 1;64(2):355-62.
ART: Problem Real time adaptive RT is not possible “today”
ART: Steps..
ART: Steps
Clinical Planning and Treatment Experience
Atypical Treatment Planning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Total Marrow Irradiation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Wong JYC, Liu A, Schultheiss T, Popplewell L, Stein A, Rosenthal J, et al. Targeted total marrow irradiation using three-dimensional image-guided tomographic intensity-modulated radiation therapy: an alternative to standard total body irradiation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006 Mar ;12(3):306-15.
Craniospinal Radiation Penagaricano JA, Papanikolaou N, Yan Y, Youssef E, Ratanatharathorn V. Feasibility of cranio-spinal axis radiation with the Hi-Art tomotherapy system. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2005 Jul ;76(1):72-78.  Results : When considering D50% and D10%, CSA-TOMO has a dosimetric advantage over CSA-RT for most organs at risk. The body integral dose was higher for the CSA-TOMO plan by approximately 6.5% .
Dosimetric Comparison Fiorino C, Dell'Oca I, Pierelli A, Broggi S, Martin ED, Muzio ND, et al. Significant improvement in normal tissue sparing and target coverage for head and neck cancer by means of helical tomotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2006 Mar ;78(3):276-282.
Dosimetric Comparison Fiorino C, Dell'Oca I, Pierelli A, Broggi S, Martin ED, Muzio ND, et al. Significant improvement in normal tissue sparing and target coverage for head and neck cancer by means of helical tomotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2006 Mar ;78(3):276-282.
Clinical Results: Bauman et al Bauman G, Yartsev S, Rodrigues G, Lewis C, Venkatesan VM, Yu E, et al. A Prospective Evaluation of Helical Tomotherapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 2007 Jun 1;68(2):632-641.
Clinical results: Bauman et al ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clinical Results: Bauman et al ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Non coplanar treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Soisson ET, Tome WA, Richards GM, Mehta MP. Comparison of linac based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and tomotherapy treatment plans for skull-base tumors. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2006 Mar ;78(3):313-321.
Concerns with HT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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