Low Cost Airlines Essay

Low Cost Airlines Essay
CANDIDATE NUMBER: 1801655
MN5333 INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY AND ENTERPRENEURSHIP ANSWER 1: Low fare
price is one of the main thing passengers/ fliers consider when looking to fly, therefore for most, low
budget airlines are their first option. Passengers are willing to give up their comfort and other in–
flight services such as entertainment and during their journey for low ticket prices. However, over
the past few decades, operating long haul flights was not to the advantage of these budget airlines.
The cost of fuel made it for the most part, took up a huge proportion of the costs needed to
manage/operate these flights. According to The Economist article, Oasis airline went into liquidation
a year after they had started flying from London to Vancouver at low–cut prices in 2008. Regardless
of their flop, some other airline companies including Air Asia are giving the no frills model a try.
Scoot Airlines for instance offer cut–price tickets for six–hour flights between Singapore and
Tianjin; this is not a definite medium or long–haul flight. Time zones / time difference is one of the
challenges these low budget airlines faced in flying long distances. Some airports have night
curfews which makes it hard / impossible for the planes to turnaround the same day. This leads to an
increase in their operation cost, because they would have to be responsible for lodging and feeding
their crew. This is another reason why these low budget airlines adapt the free
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The Invention Of The Engineer 's Standpoint
H.G. Wells said that a day will come when people, who has thoughts that became dreams and
hidden potential in their bodies, who shall stand upon Earth like a footstool, and while they are in
the middle of a mist of stars, they raise their hands and laugh. Later, the Engineering Editors, of the
Times, said that in all the attempts to create and perfect airplane are not only dangerous to human
life, but it foredoomed the failure of the engineer's standpoint. As one man dreamed of raising his
hands and touching the skies, above the clouds. The other told how dangerous aviation can be to the
human life, and how engineers will fail many times. Both of these famous quotes are right, the
human race will touch the skies and fail many times in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CEO of American Airlines, Doug Parker, says how he thinks that Tony never thought of how big of
an impact his flight would mean to the world today. The American Airlines, at the time, were private
enterprises while most of them were government owned and goes through the history of aviation.
The history starts from 1914, through the World Wars, the Jet Age, and finally the 21st century. The
First official airline went back to 1925. The father of airline, which is the Western Air Express, and
the first airport was called the La Guardia Airport in Queens, New York.
Besides, Interjet became the first American Airline into supporting the electric taxiing system by
Honeywell, and Safran have signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Mexican airline Interjet,
so they can support the advancement of the EGTS taxiing system. Since, this supports using
technology on the airplanes for the use of the taxiway and runway, which brings both fuel savings
and emissions reductions to the airlines. Evidently, this can save up to four blocks of fuel on the
plane by using motors on the landing gear that enables the landing gear to push back from the gate
and taxi by using the plane's own electrical power rather than using its main engine.
A new update from Garmin Software. The software update allows for planes with GTN touch–
screen avionics. The software update Version 3.0 includes new things such as a display support for
weather

Bombardier Aviation Essay
'superjumbo' jet, isn't new to the United States" (Mutzabaugh, 2014, para. 3). Airbus currently has
more than 2,600 aircraft flying the sky–airlines being the majority (e.g., United, Delta, US Airways,
Jet Blue, Frontier, etc.). The figure below lists the airline aircraft that Airbus currently manufactures.
Bombardier Aerospace
Bombardier Aerospace is a train and aircraft manufacture based out of Canada. It is considered the
one of the largest aircraft manufacturer in the world after Boeing and Airbus (Andrews, 2015).
Bombardier Aerospace performs its operations in two distinct sectors: rail transportation via
Bombardier Transportation and aerospace via Bombardier Aerospace. In regards to Bombardier
Aerospace, it includes aircraft (commercial and cargo), jets, turboprops, and amphibious aircraft. In
an article recently published in the Wall Street Journal, McKinnon (2015) points out that "National
Bank is guiding for 20 commercial plane deliveries in the quarter, up from 13 a year earlier...[and]
Revenue, according to analysts, is expected to climb around 6% to $4.62 billion" (McKinnon, 2015,
para. 3). Airline ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An option is when airline companies are allowed to buy additional aircraft at an agreed upon rate at
a later time. Therefore, when placing new aircraft orders, airline companies normally acquire
options from the aircraft manufacturer because they allow the airline companies to postpone the
purchasing of any additional aircraft until the overall market is clearly defined (Luftman, 2003). In
order to observe how airline companies decide their fleets when purchasing new aircraft, an analysis
of Delta Airlines, American Airlines, United Airlines, and Korean Air has been conducted. In doing
so, this report examines these airline companies' purchasing habits–including any options taken–in
order to assist airline companies in determining the best manner in which to purchase new

Boeing Based On My Real World Job With The Federal...
For this assignment, my decision to write about Boeing is based on my real–world job with the
Federal Aviation Administration and the fact that I process pounds of mail from them on a weekly
basis.
Company History
The story of Boeing started in a Seattle, WA shipyard in March 1910, but the company didn't get its
official start until July 1916. Throughout Boeing's history, it has been closely associated with
military aviation, through its early foray into air mail delivery eventually gave birth to United
Airlines in 1934 (A Century in the Sky, 2015). Boeing aircraft and support of allied forces during
World War II was a key asset in bringing the war to a close and kept the skies in the Korean War
clear. Its aviation knowledge and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally in 2009, the 787, designed to be the most efficient aircraft ever, made its maiden flight
(Commercial Airplanes, 2015).
Competitors
Speaking strictly about the commercial airliner market, Boeing's only competitor is Airbus. Setting
the stage for the duopoly that was created, Rockwell International sold North American Aviation and
Rocketdyne to Boeing in 1996 and McDonnell–Douglas was wholly absorbed in 1997 (The Boeing
Company History, 2000). Across the Atlantic, three of the four founding companies that comprised
the Airbus consortium (created in 1969) merged together to form the European Aeronautic Defense
and Space Company (EADS). In 2014, EADS was renamed as the Airbus Group, with Airbus (its
airline production arm) as a division of the group (Weiss).
Innovation and Performance Boeing maintains its competitive advantage and market share through
trademarks, copyrights, patents, and trade secrets obtained through steady research and
development. Even though the protection of intellectual property is important to Boeing, it routinely
contacts and licenses out the rights to various properties within its catalog (Jewell, 2014). Its newest
aircraft project, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, has more than 1,000 new patents that have the potential
to have major impacts on how Boeing builds and designs new aircraft in the years to come. In 2010,
Boeing was ranked

Composite Materials Report
1. Introduction
The traditional material for aircrafts is aluminium while composite material content has always been
less than 20% until the recent years. The latest aircraft models by Airbus and Boeing have
composites content of 50% or more. (Mauricuien, n.d.) It has brought about many benefits to the
industry but also causes difficulties in maintenance and safety issues. The drive of the material
evolution is due the economic factors and higher expectation of society as technology advances. The
report includes how the advantages of the composite material make it attractive by helping to solve
the issues faced by the industry.
2. Composite Materials
Composite materials are made of at least two materials. They are mixed together to ... Show more
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(IATA, n.d.) Therefore the fuel price hike and carbon emission issues made the light weight
composite very attractive as it lowered fuel consumption and carbon emission.
Corrosion and Fatigue Free
Composite materials are highly resistant to chemicals and do not corrode easily. (Ingenia, n.d.)
Hence, reducing the amount of chemicals needed to prevent corrosion. (Airbus, n.d.) Airliners used
to face fatigue crack and corrosion with the traditional aluminium floor beams. However, when the
Boeing 777 was designed with composite floor beams, not a single floor beam has been replaced till
date after flying for more than 10 years. (Boeing, n.d.)
Lower Maintenance Cost
The corrosion and fatigue free characteristic of composite materials has helped to reduce the amount
of scheduled maintenance greatly. Aircrafts are able to have a longer interval between each
scheduled maintenance by having its first visual structure check at 6 years and first heavy check at
12 years. (Boeing, n.d.) This new maintenance schedule was introduced for the Boeing 787 and the
Airbus 350. Man hours for each check can also be reduced by 20%. Overall reduction of labour
hours over 25 years for different checks can be seen in Figure 1. (Boeing, n.d.) The reduction of
scheduled maintenance and labour hours significantly aid in the reduction of the overall
maintenance cost. The longer scheduled maintenance intervals would also allow the aircrafts to
sustain a longer airborne period.

Figure 1

Airbus: Success or Failure of the Global Strategy?
Airbus: success or failure of the global strategy?
TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Problem Statement: Airbus: success or failure of the global strategy? 2
Methodology: 2
Analysis: 2 Company Introduction: 2 Airbus Corporate Strategy: 2 Boeing: 3 The essential items to
deal with the global strategy (based on the PESTEL analysis) 3 Political: 3 Economic: 3 Socio–
Cultural: 4 Technological: 5 Environment (Physical): 5 Legal: 6 Conclusion of the PESTEL
analysis: 6 Porter's five forces analysis: 7 Rivalry among the industry: 7 Threats of New Entrants: 8
Bargaining Power of Buyers: 8 Bargaining Power of Suppliers: 8 Substitute Products: 8 Conclusion
of the Porter analysis: 9
Summary of main strategic options and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Boeing's 2004 sales were $52.5 billion from customers in 145 countries with 30% coming from
international sales. Boeing has more than 159,000 employees in 48 states in the U.S. and 67
countries. Their future success is based on a three–pronged strategy of running healthy core
businesses, leveraging strengths into new products and services, and opening new frontiers. Boeing
has decided to take a different approach by focusing its strategy on the development of smaller,
midsize aircrafts since they believe that airlines want the flexibility of using smaller airports and
travel longer distances. Their future success is depended on the 787 Dreamliner. However, Boeing
considers the introduction of the A350 as a sign of lost confidence in the A380
Boeing Stock performance (since mid July 2003)
The essential items to deal with the global strategy (based on the PESTEL analysis):
Political:
Since Airbus is a European consortium of French, German, Spanish, and U.K. companies, the EU
has a huge stake in seeing Airbus remain a successful corporation. Airbus is support through tax
breaks, financing, loan guarantees, and R&D support. The assistance is given because Airbus is a
huge generator of

Delta Air Lines Airport & Airspace Capacity Case Study
Delta Air Lines Airport & Airspace Capacity Case Study The Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta
International Airport is one of the largest airports in the world and is the main hub for Delta Air
Lines, one of the largest airlines in the world. This case study will examine the relationship between
demand and capacity for the home hub of Delta Air Lines. Future predictions for air travel estimate
enormous growth rates as high as 50% by the year 2025. Airlines, airports, and the entire air–travel
infrastructure will be challenged with the task of keeping up with this level of demand as we move
towards the future. Today, the Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) is known to be
one the busiest airports in the world. Over 250,000 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This data is also broken down by aircraft gate type which shows the increase in certain types of
aircraft. The data shows a total of 33 new gates required by year 2031. New domestic gates
comprise the majority of the increase (+24 gates). International gate increases (+9) make up the rest
of the total. Large increases in widebody aircraft gates can be observed for both the domestic gate
totals and international gate totals. This seems to correlate with the recent trends in widebody
aircraft efficiency increases and respectively the future orders of such aircraft as the Boeing 787
Dreamliner and the Airbus A350 XWB.
These predicted increases in demand have highlighted a situation where in the future, capacity will
likely not be able to keep up with the demand and ATL will become deficient at maintaining
throughput. In 2004 the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) had already began a Future Airport
Capacity Task (FACT) study which examined airport capacity across the country. The study was
meant to capture key airports within the U.S. that were predicted to have future capacity issues. In
2007 the FAA finished the updated second version of the study (FACT2) which outlined ATL as a
key airport in need of future expansion. Studies have continued with FAA and the Atlanta state
government

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner Essay examples
The Boeing 787 Dreamliner After all that has been said about the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, the
airplane is set to revolutionize the airline industry. The 787 Dreamliner is more technologically
advanced than its predecessors and will boast better performance, better fuel efficiency, and higher
passenger comfort. To be honest, with all the new innovations the 787 Dreamliner is said to have,
the airplane is quite a wonder. The question now: Can Boeing deliver? If Boeing succeeds, they will
catapult past their competition, the European manufacturer Airbus. They are confident that the 787
Dreamliner will help them do just that, and have predicted very high sales numbers. According to
Oxford Analytica, Boeing has predicted the sale of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The passenger experience is also supposed to be much improved. The cabin will have improved
humidity, and will be pressurized to 6,000 feet instead of the 8,000 feet that other airliners provide.
Due to the new flight technology, there should also be better noise–reduction from the engines, and
a smoother ride (Newairplane). All in all, with all the new improvements, Dreamliner seems to be a
very fitting name for this new aircraft. Boeing has many potential suitors for its 787 Dreamliner. Its
largest customer is the International Lease Finance Corporation, which has ordered 74 aircraft
(Wiki). The International Lease Finance Corporation, or I.L.F.C., leases planes to many of the
world's airlines, such as Air Canada, Lufthansa, American Airlines, Continental Airlines, and Delta
Airlines (Wiki). According to newairplane.com, a few of the many customers for the Boeing 787 are
British Airways, Northwest Airlines, Korean Air, United Airlines, and Virgin Atlantic
(Newairplane). The airplane is not expected to be used for passenger service until the fourth quarter
of 2010, so sadly we won't get to see it in action until the end of the year (Wiki). The Boeing 787
Dreamliner will be replacing the 767 and the 757 jets (Global). The 787 Dreamliner will be able to
carry 250–330 passengers farther distances than these jets, and do it much more efficiently. Its main
competition will be from Airbus, specifically the new

Business Analysis : Aerospace Industries Association ( Aia )
Today's aircraft marketplace is highly competitive where there exists a balanced and
healthy worldwide demand for brand new aircraft brought on by a foreseeable growth in
passengers, airline profitability at record levels, and a replacement cycle continuance in order to
improve performance and fuel efficiency of a huge section of the worldwide fleet. The US
Aerospace Industries Association (AIA) estimates that the country 's aerospace industry sales will
increase by 5.3% in 2015, but is not backing down on a call on the US government to boost
defense spending. The AIA 's annual forecast expects aerospace sales to grow to $240 billion in
2015, up from a preliminary $228 billion expected for 2014. Civil aircraft sales will continue to
contribute the greatest share, with the AIA forecasting that such sales will top $79.8 billion in
2015. Military aircraft sales will contribute $54.5 billion, space sales $52.3 billion, and related
aerospace products and services are expected to net about $33.6 billion and missiles $20.2
billion." (Ghim–Lay, Yeo).
The Boeing Aircraft Company has dominated the commercial aircraft market for decades.
"Boeing delivered a record–setting 723 commercial airplanes in 2014, holding its status as the
world's largest airplane manufacturer for the third consecutive year. Boeing's wide body
airplanes – 747–8, 767, 777, and 787 Dreamliner – accounted for more than 60% of all twin–aisle
deliveries last year, and the single–aisle

Boeing Internal Analysis
Boeing Internal Analysis
Purpose
This report discussed the components of internal analysis, competitive advantage, and strategic
competitiveness of Boeing Company. This is done by analyzing the tangible & intangible
resources, capabilities, and core competencies in order to clarify Boeing's strengths and weaknesses.
Resources
Exhibit 1 Tangible | Intangible | Manufacturing plants | Boeing's digital design software | Composite
and metal materials | Dynamic assembly line | Headquarters building | "Moonshine teams" strategy |
Machinery used for lean production | Boeing's brand name | Financing/ Launch aid from NASA | |
Boeing's newest jet, the 787, is made out of composite plastics and carbon fiber in order to ... Show
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The third core competency is Boeing's dynamic assembly line. This was a valuable change to
Boeing because it reduced assembly time by 50%, or from 22 days down to 11 days. The planes
move 80 feet every shift and lights determine the status of the assembly line. Dynamic assembly
lines are costly to imitate and rare due to the size of the plant and the components used in order to
pull such a large craft throughout the building. The only substitute of a dynamic assembly line is a
static assembly line, and the dynamic one performs much more efficiently.
Weaknesses * Ineffective top management
Boeing was recently faced with the scandals which hurt the reputation of Boeing. The top
management recognized the problem and tried to figure it out by effective management strategies. *
Outsourcing
In 1997, Boeing lost $1.6 billion against their earnings due to problems with the supply of critical
components. They had to halt the production of the 737 and the 747. In 2006, suppliers for Boeing's
787 fell behind schedule which resulted in a delay of production.
Value Chain Analysis
The industry value chain is the process from the suppliers of the raw material to the end customers
who demand the service of transportation.
Boeing found itself in the crucial situation of having lost market share to Airbus. Boeing had to act

The Changeable Nature of the Air Transport Markets
The Changeable Nature of the Air Transport Markets Over the last five years the air transport
markets were marked by three main crucial events; the economic recession, the rise in fuel prices
and terrorism. All these factors had an enormous effect on the passenger market, which included
business (network carriers, business focused carriers, fractional ownership and private charters), the
leisure industry (network carriers, scheduled carriers and charter carriers) and the cargo market,
which is divided in scheduled combination carriers (passenger & cargo and all cargo carrying
aircraft) and all–cargo (integrators, airport to airport and charter). Recessions tended to hit the
industry every 6–9 years and last for 2–3 years at a time. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In the business market it is clear to see that this market aims at providing a premium service which
include luxuries, for example the use of airport lounges and bigger seats on the aircraft and people
are willing to pay extra money for these luxuries. It is possible to assume that in times of recession
and rising fuel costs that pricier seats, such as the seats in business and first class, would be less
popular and harder to sell but that does not seem to be the case. IATA estimated that average ticket
costs for business class flights have risen 8 percent in the first half of 2010. Business travellers make
up 8 percent of overall passenger numbers but contribute 27 percent of ticket revenue, IATA said in
its latest snapshot of the airline business. Premium travel has risen almost twice as far in percentage
terms from its 2009 low as economy travel, but, such was the depth of the fall of the premium
segment, current levels are still 10% below pre–recession peaks, whereas economy travel is now 5%
above its pre–recession peak. The cargo market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.2% over the
forecast period. Excluding the impact of the rapid post recession rebound in 2010, for the 2011–
2014 period, the consensus view for air freight is that it will stabilize at 5% CAGR. This is slightly
below the forecast growth in world trade (6%) suggesting a still conservative

Boeing 787 Dreamliner: Time, Budget and Project...
Contents
Boeing 787 Dreamliner:
Time, Budget and Project Performance Analysis
1 Introduction.
1.1 In developing the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Boeing executive management's initial decisions and
project management strategies did not control the four major measurements of project success: time,
budget, performance and client acceptance (Pinto, 2013, pp. 35,36). This report analyses the
methodology and project management decisions that led to a project crisis and risk to Boeing's
reputation.
2 Boeing history.
2.1 Boeing Aircraft Corporation, with a heritage of aircraft design, manufacture and assembly, dates
back to July 1916 (Boeing, 2004). Recent aircraft including 737, 747, 767, and 777 are all designed,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other companies, for example the Toyota Motor Company, use out–sourcing successfully to trusted
companies with a high degree of product design control as a method to reduce costs in production
(Denning, 2013).
6.2 The Boeing model adopted was to spread the design and development to suppliers on a global
scale with costs met by suppliers (Ostrower & Lublin, 2013). A strategy such as this should have
been tightly controlled from the outset. Without this control, difficulties in assembly and ill–fitting
parts requiring redesign added to the delays experienced by the project (Denning, 2013), with
hundreds of Boeing engineers sent to various companies to solve technical problems (Tang &
Zimmerman, 2009).
7 Communication and Cultural Risk.
7.1 Boeing management opted to control Tier 1 and Tier 2 integrators and their suppliers using a
computer web based system, 'Exostar' (Denning, 2013). This system intended to provide supply
chain and logistics visibility and 'real time' monitoring to control process, development, time and
cost. Due to cultural differences and trust issues with this system, accurate and timely information
was not entered by integrators and suppliers (Denning, 2013).
7.2 A Failure to understand the cultural differences with

Boeing Market Analysis
The Boeing Company is a major player in the aerospace and defense industry with over 150,000
employees. As of 2006 they led the commercial and defense aircraft market as the company with the
largest total revenue. (Defense News , 2007). The corporation is divided into five separate business
units/services. Commercial Airplanes and Integrated Defense Systems are the two major
components. The other three units span control over research and development, services and
financial services; Phantom Works, Shared Services Group and Boeing Capital Corp, respectively.
As of 2006, these three smaller units contributed only 2% of the revenue for the Boeing Company,
but played a valuable role in their various supporting contributions to the main ... Show more
It also splits targeted market segments through the use of different versions. The 777, –200LR and –
300ER are the long range leaders of aircraft in service. Boeing compliments this range with a large
passenger base and at a competitive price. It has been the market leader in this category over the
recent years, but its market share has recently been cannibalized by the lighter, less costly, more fuel
efficient 787–8/9. However, the 777s still hold passenger capabilities over the new jets' offerings.
The –200ER, and –300 models are arranged in the mid–sized competition group, and offer
competitive ranges and passenger capability, but are more expensive than their closest Airbus
competitor. (Boeing, 2007)
Competition Company Model 2006 Deliveries % segment Total Unfilled Orders 2007 Orders (As of
16 Oct 07) % seg 2007 Deliveries (as of 16 Oct 07) Price ($Million) Range (nm) Seating Current
Status
Mid–Sized Boeing 767 12 12% 55 36 18% 9 141–169 5200–6600 218–375 Operational
Mid–Sized Ilyushin IL–96 2 2% 7* est. 6 3% 2 120–140 est

Motivation For This Work Air Traffic Around The World
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Motivation for this work Air traffic around the world has been
increasing rapidly over the last few decades, and, according to (People.bath.ac.uk, 2015), will
continue to do so in the not so distant future due to the increasing economic development of
multiple countries such as Brazil, China, India, etc. Authors like (Airbus, 2015), (Boeing forecasts
long–term growth in air cargo traffic, 2015) and (EUROCONTROL: Seven–Year Forecast 2013–
2019, 2013) estimate that the overall revenue generated per every kilometre travelled by each
passenger graph will grow to above 5% of its current pace, which is remarkably higher than the pace
of the world's economic growth. Short and long range transport is expected to increase in
developing countries along with their own manufacturing industries and thus, show remarkable
growth when compared to that of the Middle East and the Western World. Airbus made a prediction
of the evolution of worldwide air traffic over the next 20 years, (Airbus: Global Market Forecast
2015–2034), and estimated the average growth would be 4.6% as shown in Figure. 1.1: Figure 1.1:
Worldwide air traffic evolution prediction from 2015 to 2034 (Airbus: Global Market Forecast
2015–2034), Even now, multiple main hubs are already exhibiting congestion problems and some
strategic areas like the U.S.A's North–eastern coast, UAE, South–eastern Asia and Western Europe
already have saturated airspace as shown in Figure 1.2. Air cargo traffic is also

Essay On Unmanned System
This application project will show that an unmanned system is well suited to assist in clean up of
aircraft crash sites, most notably when dealing with carbon fiber. Why is this an issue? Carbon fiber
is being used more and more in aircraft makeup. Not just certain parts of aircraft, but at time the
entire aircraft are constructed of carbon fiber. The United States military currently operates several
different types of aircraft that constructed of carbon fiber components. Two aircraft platforms that
most people know are the MQ–1 Predator and MQ–9 Reaper are constructed entirely of carbon fiber
composites ("Structural Maintainers," 2016). More and more newer civilian aircraft are beginning to
utilize carbon fiber for different aircraft ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What this does is keeps the dust particles from bonded to the wreckage and in the air creating a
breathing hazard (Gandhi & Lyon, 1998). Responders that perform this duty must wear full–face
respirator with dual cartridge filters, hooded Tyvek suit with booties, leather gloves with inner
rubber gloves, and steel toed boots. From personal experience this is very uncomfortable to wear
and will be drenched with sweat in little time even in cooler weather. Once all carbon fiber is
properly sprayed down then the respirator and Tyvek suit can be removed. My thought is why
couldn't a robot perform some of these tasks to keep human risk at a minimum? For this report will
only focus on responders to crash site after the fire is extinguished. The obvious need for a robot in
this scenario is health of humans. With cameras and sensors attached to a robot an operator could
guide the robot around the crash site evaluating presence of carbon fiber dust particles in the air as
well as inspecting the crash site of damaged and exposed pieces of carbon fiber. Armed with a
sprayer and reservoir containing polyacrylic acid the robot can also spray down pieces of the
crashed aircraft to make it safer for a team to start inspecting the crash for the safety board as well as
begin cleanup. This robot will be a ground–based robot and feel could base design on robots used
for explosive ordinance disposal. Something similar in design to the Micro Tactical

How the Macroeconomic Environment of the Airline Industry...
Christian Uwagwuna
How the Macroeconomic Environment of the Airline Industry Affects the Strategic Decision of
Boing Vs Airbus
A Case Study
Document Nr. V170506 http://www.grin.com/ ISBN 978–3–640–89394–2
9 783640 893942
'Case Study – How the Macroeconomic Environment of the Airlines Industry Affects the Strategic
Decision of Boeing Vs Airbus' By
Christian Uwagwuna
Course: Strategic Management
27 January 2011
Executive Summary
This paper discusses the external economic factors affecting the strategic decision of airline industry
and how this decision in turn, affect the market forecast of the aircraft manufacturing industry.
Various business issues affect airlines operation either directly and indirectly, and ... Show more
Airline industry is the major engine powering the globalization of businesses and services. Prior to
1970's, the airline industry was mainly owned and controlled by the governments in different
countries. There was no free market competition as travelers have to make do with the services and
prices available to them from the few airlines. But with the deregulation of the airline industry that
swept across the world after 1970, entry barriers were lowered allowing new start–up of many
airline companies, thus engendering competition in the airlines industry. This has led to
competitions in various fronts, especially in prices and services provided onboard the flight. This
competition has led to formulation of various business modules and the re–strategizing of the
already existing and new start–up companies, in order for them to survive the new business
environment. The operating environment of the airline industry continues to evolve, thereby
presenting a significant challenge for the survival of the industry. Different models and frameworks

have been formulated for analyzing the operating environment of various industries. In analyzing
the operating environment, it is vital to indentify the different factors that might affect the
organization cost, supply and demand. PEST (Political, Economical, Social and Technological) is
one of the framework used for analyzing the macro–environment affecting organizations in a

Financial Analysis And Management : Boeing And Airbus 8
Financial Analysis and Management Table of Contents
Background of Boeing and Airbus 3
Identifying Key Stakeholders 3
Analysis of the disclosure regime 4
ROE and ROC 4
Investment returns analysis 7
Capital structure analysis 7
Financial comparison of Boeing and Airbus 8
Dividend Payout ratio 8
Conclusion 8
References 8
Executive Summary
In an inevitably competitive worldwide business, organizations need to perceive the need to oversee
scarce financial assets to build productivity while offering more cost–successful, great and
management to clients. Keeping up with the benefit and supportability requires convincing
management of assets, including funds. Financial management is a non– exclusive term used to
cover the accompanying three capacities:
1. Management Accounting – Providing data to groups inside the association to help management in
choice making.
2. Financial Accounting – External reporting of financial data for groups outside the association.
3. Cost Accounting – A vital piece of management accounting, it fulfils both inward and outer
groups to the association and is for the most part concerned with costs, costing and cost conduct.
Financial management in this manner assumes a pivotal part in choosing the accomplishment of a
business and decides the returns and profits for all stakeholders (Carpenter & Sanders, 2009).
Background of Boeing and Airbus
Boeing is the biggest aerospace corporation, all over the globe. It is also one of the leading

Defining My Project Came As A Challenge For Me
Defining my project came as a challenge to me. I originally wanted to choose something that was
similar to my partner, Brian's, topic. After looking through my options and speaking to my partner I
eventually gave up and chose to research a topic I had much more interest in. I ended up choosing
commercial aviation and more specifically the selection process in which materials are chosen for
the wings used in the commercial aircraft. With the goal of becoming an aerospace engineer, I felt
this topic was something I could get involved with on higher level and it would definitely help me
put more effort into my research and in return I would achieve something out of it. Working with my
partner Brian was also a pleasurable experience. Although ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Using various sources I was able to come up with many questions and answers about my topic.
Before actually looking into the materials used in the wings, I translated the requirements similarly
to Ashby's method. I wrote down an initial function for the wings and its constraints and objective.
Using this outline I started my research. Of course, with any engineering design there were many
steps before the actual design process. This is usually defining the actual function. In the case of the
aircraft wings the actual function is to provide lift for the aircraft and contain an assortment of
devices and other materials in the interior safely and efficiently. Because many lives will be at stake
if the wings fail, safety is one of the ultimate concerns. During my research I looked up many of the
potential conditions that aircraft wings go through. To function, the wings have to deal with a
variety of forces and loads. But, the main goal is obviously not to have one successful flight and
start over. The wings have to last many years, with proper maintenance. Therefore the main
objective for many engineers is to come up with a design that can withstand an extensive amount of
cycles, and also be cost effective. I looked up the average life of an aircraft and it varied by
manufacturer. It averaged around to be a 100,000 cycles before a commercial jet was retired. To
reach this

Boeing Vs Essay
1. Running Head; Boeing Vs. Airbus 1 (NAME) BOEING VS AIRBUS (COURSE) (PROFESSOR)
(DATE) Total World count; 6386 2011
2. Boeing VS Airbus 2 Abstract The demand facing aircraft manufacturers for new orders is in
principal derived fromthe perceived future demand for commercial aviation. Several key external
economic factorsare likely to outline demand for new aircraft. These factors are accessed from the
perspectiveof decision makers in the airline industry, Airbus and Boeing, in this paper. Also
analysed inthe paper are the relevant strategies employed by both airliner makers to manipulate
thisfactors or manoeuvre around them in order to survive in the market. The relevant theories
ofstrategic management are also analysed in the paper. The ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The demand for commercialplanes carried on to augment progressively all through the 1930s, but
again endured anotherdemand downturn when World War II broke out. Conversely, the war assisted
in generatingsupport for military aircraft research and expansion, which expanded to commercial
aviation9.The end of war brought a fall down in the aircraft industry as a considerable number of
armyorders were rescinded10. In the 1950s, the aptitude and comfort of commercial aircrafts
advanced significantlyas planes were modernized, including the introduction of jet service in 1959;
facilitating6 Devani Boyd "Safety and Profits in the Airline Industry." The Journal of
IndustrialEconomics, 34 (3): (20000 311.7 Ibid 3128 Ibid 3129 Ibid pp 31510 Heppenheimer, T. A.
"The U.S. Aircraft Industry – An Overview" U.S. Centennial of Flight
Commission.http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Aerospace/AeroOV1.htm.
5. Boeing VS Airbus 5faster cross–country flight service. During this period, Boeing launched
Boeing 707 whileDouglas manufactured its DC models, DC–8 being the latest model in that decade
.11Insubsequent years, Boeing and Douglas competed profoundly to vend their planes byproposing
conventional deviations of a basic design that would serve airlines' particularneeds such as big
wings for long variety. These

Air Canada Porter's 5 Forces
2.4. Fleet age: Air Canada has fleet of close to 400 Air crafts. It is very crucial for Air lines to
maintain the new version of air crafts in its fleet. Air Canada currently has fleet of 787 –Dreamliner,
and many long range latest A330, B777 flights to serve long range destinations. Air Canada also has
purchased latest Boeing 737 Max, the latest short haul flight from Boeing and has placed orders for
B787 ( latest generation of Long haul aircraft from Boeing). Maintaining the average age of fleet is
crucial for Airlines. Airlines use one of the few strategies to keep average fleet age competitive; Buy
from Manufacturer, Lease from Manufacturer and Lease / buy from other airline companies (which
are in decline) or sell to other airline companies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The target of Air Canada is to be the most preferred airline for flyers across the world. This can be
achieved by providing the best flying experience to the customers through connectivity and
constantly improving customer service. Other airline carriers are also trying to catch up with Air
Canada on these parameters due to stiff competition. The market has evolved in such a way, that all
the players are trying to beat each other. This finally helps the customers as they have a wide variety
of options to choose from.
The indirect competitors of Air Canada are cruises and trains for longer and shorter distances
respectively. Cruises are known for their luxury and excellent travelling experiences. They are
indirectly competing with airline industry for the same customer base. Also, over shorter distances,
some customers prefer rail services over airlines due to being the cheaper mode of transport.
What competitive advantages and disadvantages do you & your competitors have, especially as they
relate to the service component?
Air Canada vs West Jet:
Focused on East Coast (Serving Toronto, Montreal as major

Airbus vs Boeing
Executive Summary
Activities in the commercial aeroplane manufacturing industry have been outshined by the
competition involving the European owned Airbus and the USA owned Boeing. These two
companies exist as a duopoly at the top end of the commercial aeroplane manufacturing industry
that covers the development of airplanes with a capability of more than 200 persons. Other
aeroplane manufacturers also exist but at the lower end of the industry, these smaller firms mainly
develop low capacity airplanes that basically convey less than 150 persons.
Boeing is a United States of America based company which was founded by William Edward in
1916, the firm has been dominating the industry since its inception while on the other hand Airbus
was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As according to the company, this aircraft would help airliners save fuel costs. The aircraft is also
intended to be tons lighter than other models.
Airbus, on the other hand, with its A350 XWB intends to offer the airline market with the largest
aircraft it has produced till date. Post, Paris Air Show and the Dubai Air Show held in 2007, A350
claims to give a stiff competition to 787. Boeing plans to deliver its Dreamliner by 2008, and Airbus
by 2013. Boeing with 5 years of advantage, and confirmed orders, industry observers inquire, if
Airbus would beat the time advantage or bank on the strength of the A350, or better still use the time
to their advantage and modify the aircraft to being user friendly
QUESTION 1: What is a duopoly market? How is competition dynamics structured in a duopoly
market? What are the pitfalls of a duopoly market?
A duopoly market can simply be referred to as one in which two firms own all or nearly all of the
market for a given product or service or it is a term which is basically used to describe an industry
where market share is dominated by only two firms. This market structure which is a form of an
oligopoly applies where few competing companies with many buyers strategically interact with its
rivals by reacting to key business decisions. This has been the case for market segments for the
manufacturing of commercial airplanes. Over the years this market has been dominated mainly

There are various materials which can be used on...
There are various materials which can be used on aircrafts. Composite and alloy materials are the
primary component used due to the ability to combine certain materials with different strengths
together to create a composite or alloy. These have ultimate properties that are needed to create an
aircraft to be used safely in application. Composites are used due to the extreme high strength to
weight ratio, although using large amounts of metals can be strong, unlike composites this would be
too heavy. Composites essentially are designed to create a lighter aircraft, which over a long period
of time, would be more cost effective for company running the plane, due to fuel savings.
Materials used in aircrafts, range from metal alloys such as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the lack of corrosion resistance, it is common to add a clad layer of aluminium 1100, which
provides the resistance to corrosion. Adding the extra aluminium as a clad causes the weight and
cost to rise. Due to this, many different alloys were created to allow the aircrafts to be lighter and
cheaper to manufacture and run such as aluminium–Lithium. Aluminium–lithium alloys are used on
modern aircrafts like the Boeing 777 and the 787 dreamliner. A typical aluminium–lithium alloy is
Aluminium 2090–T83.
Aluminium 2090–T83 is an aluminium–lithium alloy which consists of many different materials;
AL, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Si, Ti, Zn and Zr. The alloy is a light weight material and offers a
higher strength to weight ratio than other materials that are currently being used due to the low
lithium content. The advantage that it has over the 2024 is that 2090–T83 does not need a clad of
aluminium as the alloy resists corrosion, the material as a whole is less dense and has a higher
strength properties. Aluminium lithium alloys are also easy to machine, making welds easier than
other alloys creating it to be cheaper to manufacture and maintain.
Alloy 2090–T83 is primarily designed to be used in applications where high strength requirements
are necessary. Currently the alloy is used for aircraft bulkhead stiffeners to take advantage of the
high strength and lower density to achieve a substantial weight reduction. This material is also used
in the wing

Boeing vs Airbus
BOOK REPORT BOEING VS AIRBUS BY JOHN NEWHOUSE
This book by John Newhouse provides an exhilarating account of the competitive battle between the
world 's dominant commercial aircraft manufacturers. In the Aviation Industry, there have always
been various airframe producers which where competing against each other. Throughout the years,
two of them gained the majority of the market share. It encompasses two of the biggest companies
in the world, going to extremes to finalize sales, and more importantly, to gain a higher percentage
of the market share and outmaneuver the other. Airbus and Boeing are seen as national symbols that
receive massive subsidies, benefits, contracts from the EU and the American government. This book
gives a review ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES
"The outset of the 787–A350 duel coincided with the worst of the strife and bitterness unleashed by
bitter struggle between Boeing and Airbus and their governments over the subsidies". (Newhouse
43) Subsides were used to aid Boeing gain a first mover advantage into the emerging airline
industry. They were given tax grants for R & D spending or money to develop military technology
that could be transferred to civilian projects. Airbus, on the other hand, was able to enter the market
through a $13.5 billion subsidy from governments in France, Great Britain, Germany, and Spain.
According to a 1992 agreement between EU–US and the WTO up to 33 per cent of the program cost
was to be met through government loans which were to be fully repaid within 17 years with interest
and royalties, but only if the aircraft was a commercial success. These loans are held at a minimum
interest rate equal to the cost of government borrowing plus 0.25%, which would be below market
rates available to Airbus without government support (Newhouse 46). Thus, from Boeing's point of
view, without subsidies, Airbus would have never been able to break into the world market and
compete with Boeing at such a strong level.
Twelve years after the 1992 agreement, Boeing decided to withdraw from the agreement when
Airbus had moved ahead of Boeing and was regarded as

How Boeing Changed the World
After five years under wraps, the future of commercial aviation is about to make its worldwide
debut.
The global spotlight will be shining on The Boeing Co. July 8 (07–08–07) as it unveils its newest
passenger jet in 13 years: the 787 Dreamliner. It hasn't even flown yet and already the 787 is making
aviation history as the world's hottest–selling and most technically advanced new commercial jet
ever.
Not since Boeing ushered in the jet age with its 707 in 1954 has there been such hoopla over a new
passenger airplane. For the 787 – the company's first all–new jet since the 777 was unveiled in 1994
– Boeing has rented an entire football field to simulcast the rollout, which will be emceed by
broadcaster Tom Brokaw.
While the Dreamliner – ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"This is a far cry from how Boeing used to make airplanes,'' says Hamilton.
The first few weeks of final assembly have not been smooth. Some of the jet's major structures were
delivered incomplete and fuselage sections didn't fit together properly. In addition, temporary
fasteners were being used to hold fuselage sections together because of an industry–wide shortage of
permanent fasteners.
Boeing officials have acknowledged the problems and characterize them as "hiccups" in the
production process that are being resolved as soon as they crop up.
Company officials, however, are keeping a watchful eye on their international partners to ensure the
aircraft sections are delivered on time. Any more missteps or delays could end up in a disastrous
domino effect, forcing Boeing to postpone the 787's first flight. Just last month, Vought Aircraft, one
of Boeing's major partners on the 787, fired a top executive because of production snafus and delays
on fuselage sections.
Mike Bair, head of the 787 program, told reporters recently that the production snafus have been
resolved and are typical for all–new airplane programs. He denied a JP Morgan analyst 's report that
the 787 production schedule may slip four months, saying the program is still on schedule. "We are
where we need to be,'' he told reporters.
Boeing's bold new manufacturing strategy is a sore point for the company's largest union, whose
contract with Boeing expires in the

A Study On Hawaiian Airlines
Since their inception in 1929, Hawaiian Airlines (HA) has continually grown to become major
player throughout the Pacific. In 2013 HA finished that year with their "sixth consecutive year of
profitability and a record passenger count of 9.95 million." (Hawaiian Airlines, 2014) By the end of
2014 HA will have a fleet of "three ATR–42s, 18 B717s, 10 B767s, and 19 A330s." (Hawaiian
Airlines, 2014) This young fleet will continue carrying passengers on roughly 212 daily jet flights to
"20 domestic and international destinations in the Pacific region" for the foreseeable future. (About
Hawaiian, 2014) So much positive business news however is often balanced out with the negative.
Luckily for HA their positives largely outweigh the negative business aspects. Because HA has
operated so effectively and efficiently for the past six years, it's hard to justify changes to their
current business plan. 2014 is shaping up to be yet another big year for HA keeping in line with the
positive business trends of the past. If past profitability has any influence on the future then HA
seems to be in a great position to remain profitable for the foreseeable future. When looking at the
measures of airline profitability the Revenue Passenger Mile (RPM) and Available seat miles (ASM)
are usually the go to measureable items. Figure 1 offers a visual comparison of the first six months
of 2014 compared to the first six months of 2013. Highlighted is the RPM and ASM for Hawaiian's
total

American Airlines : A Nation 's Dominant Air Carrier After...
American Airlines has become the nation's dominant air carrier after merging with US Airways and
many have declared that the 787 is a critical next step in the modernization of American Airlines as
a company. A while back American announced that flights will begin May 7 between Dallas–Fort
Worth and its hub in Chicago, and beginning June 2 between Dallas–Fort Worth and Beijing. On
June 4, American will fly the Dreamliner between Dallas–Fort Worth and Buenos Aires, Argentina.
American said it will add more 787 routes this year as the new aircraft arrive, but they gave very
little clues on what the future holds. "As we take delivery of the 787 and all of our new aircraft on
order, we will continue to assess our network to determine which ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
American 's 787 will feature 28 fully lie–flat seats in business class, 48 main cabin seats with added
legroom, and 150 coach seats. Other amenities include seat–back screens, satellite WiFi capability
on international flights, power outlets, and a USB jack at every seat in the main cabin, larger and
dimmable windows, and a walk–up bar for first and business class passengers. American is the
second U.S. carrier to have the Dreamliner in its fleet. United Airlines was the first, and currently
flies 12 787–8s and two 787–9s. It has placed orders for 65 Dreamliners. American, which flew
home its first 787 Dreamliner on Jan. 23, hasput the airliner into regular service on May 7 with
flights between Dallas Fort Worth and Chicago's O'Hare International Airport as it gets familiar with
the aircraft. Then the airline has put its Boeing 787s on its Beijing route on June 2 and its Buenos
Aires route on June 4, both out of Dallas Fort Worth Airport. American said customers were able to
book flights on the Boeing 787 as of Saturday, Feb. 14. "American will deploy the 787 to additional
markets in 2015 as it takes delivery of new aircraft," the carrier said. American hasreceived three
787s in the first quarter, including the one already delivered, plus three 787s in each of the next
three quarters, for a total of 12 in 2015. In all, it has firm orders for 42 for delivery by the end of
2018, and options for

Boeing 787
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
IE466: Concurrent Engineering
Individual Homework #1 – Boeing 787: The Dreamliner
Boeing 787: The Dreamliner Case Study (download from Angel) During the past decade, Boeing
watched as their competitor, Airbus, launched several new and very successful aircraft. In 2004,
Airbus surpassed Boeing in commercial airplanes delivered and future orders placed. This is the first
time that Boeing has ever lost its leading market share. The 787 is the first new airplane that Boeing
has introduced to the market in a decade. This case study examines how the 787 is strategically
transforming Boeing's approach to aircraft ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With all the steps that Boeing took, it was guaranteed that Boeing would be successful in the market.
2. How does the approach used for the 787's development differ fundamentally from other airplane
projects undertaken by Boeing?
The approach that Boeing 787 took was fundamentally different than other airplane projects
undertaken by Boeing. Boeing built 70% of the products of Boeing 787 from different countries of
the world. Boeing has a long–standing reputation to be secretive with their projects, so it was a big
step for Boeing to break their privacy and work with a group of people across geographical
boundaries. 35% of the plane's structure was supplied from Japan. Approximately, 26% of the
products were supplied from Italy. There were teams of 15 companies responsible for the structure
of the plane, 10 teams from USA and the rest from seven other countries. A lot of the other products
were also ordered from different parts of the world, including the vertical fin from Frederickson as
well as the fixed and movable leading edges of the wing from Tulsa. Once all the parts were built,
they were sent back to USA for the assembly. Also, 787 would be the first aircraft of its kind to
bring long–range capabilities to a midsized airplane. It was also the first time Boeing had its
structural suppliers fund their own research and development so that suppliers had a greater

Boeing Case Study
Introduction
In this case Boeing faces a number of challenges in determiningthe viability of bringing forth the
7E7 aircraft series. Aircraft manufacturersbringing forth a new product has to take extra care since a
miss in this assessment can place a company in a position to fail the result of huge cash outflows
required. Boeing faced stiff competition from French based Airbus and had not brought forth a
successful new product in recent years. Since the September 11th attacks travel had taken a drop in
general and Boeing was making assumptions regarding future needs and opportunities. This
included the willingness of travelers to pay 5% more for efficiency and the increase of hub and
spoke travel for airlines requiring flexibility in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This beta is calculated using 40 years of data from Jan 2nd, 1962 to Dec 30th, 2002 (Because the
data for historical price of Boeing before 1962 is not available) SUMMARY OUTPUT | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Regression Statistics | | | | | | | | Multiple R | 0.47008689 | | | | | | | | R Square | 0.22098168 | | | | | |
| | Adjusted R Square | 0.22061697 | | | | | | | | Standard Error | 0.04211976 | | | | | | | | Observations |
2138 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ANOVA | | | | | | | | | | df | SS | MS | F | Significance F | | | | Regression | 1 |
1.074933 | 1.07493 | 605.9124 | 5.50E–118 | | | | Residual | 2136 | 3.789422 | 0.00177 | | | | | | Total |
2137 | 4.864355 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Coefficients | Standard Error | t Stat | P–value | Lower 95% |
Upper 95% | Lower 95.0% | Upper 95.0% | Intercept | 0.00185857 | 0.000913 | 2.03574 | 0.0419 |
6.82E–05 | 0.00365 | 6.82E–05 | 0.00365 | X Variable 1 | 1.06941054 | 0.043445 | 24.6153 | 5.50E–
118 | 0.984212 | 1.15461 | 0.98421 | 1.15461 |
According to the regression summary output above, the estimate beta for Boeing is approximately
1.07. One important point to note is that this is the

Psy 300 Week 1 Reaction Paper
Me and my friend Seth who went to school with me before play a online game called Roblox where
people can make a play games and start clubs/Groups. Me and him own a group that is based around
airlines and we make planes and airports and seats I own 2 airline groups. One is called Swiss
International Airlines and the other is Avianca Airlines and my friend owns an airline called
Austranada Airlines (which a fake airline aka it's not based on a real one on like mines.) Are groups
both look for the most real experience that that the game offers (Trust me planes look ultra real but
the hard part is coding them to fly. ). So we have a fleet of planes to add seats and some of them you
can use the same seat, but mostly all of them need custom seats to add in the big small planes i.e.
Airbus A380–800 vs. Atr 72–600. So each plane seat won't fit so this were make them seats and we
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So now your are wondering why did I write this and why should you care, well I was just explaining
to people what it means to be a great builder and what it takes to get people to like and see as a great
person with talent and that whatever your peers tell you should always try hard and this also proves
that I truely truly make good seats and Seth can't but his money where his money is. That's all for
now Thanks for reading this. Jose

Emirates Business Model Essay
Layton discussed and identified specific factors to build a strong framework of marketing system to
make it more efficiency and effectiveness. To shape this strategy all factors should link it together
starting with technology change, the growth of knowledge and institutional factors all of these
components must plat partially at least. The best result for growth and quality of life come if the
marketing system comes in the middle of this strategy and interacts with all factors.
Emirates Airlines
Applying Emirates Airlines in Laytons Model.
Technology and knowledge.
Entertainment.
Innovation
Research and development
Using mobile satellite phones on the flights.
Division of Labour.
Cutting cost by Outsourcing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Using mobile satellite phones on the flights.
Emirates Airline comes in the top of the curve for using mobile phone in flight to make it easy to
stay connected to family, friends and colleagues on the ground by send and receive calls, sms and
emails.
Division of Labour.
Cutting cost by Outsourcing labours from India and Pakistan and providing services to other
airlines.
In terms of cost efficiency Emirates has proven to be the best cost performer in aviation industry.
They maintain a strong network of partners around the world. It procures cheap human resource
from India and Pakistan for ground handling, maintenance, and catering also it's provides ground
handling services to 100 airliners at Dubai airport. Labour law in UAE forbidding strike and trade
union which favours Emirates 73% less costly compare to other airliners in Europe.
Institution.
Emirates group
Operates over than 2400 passenger fights per week from Dubai international airport to a05 cities in
62 countries across sic continents and has over than 50,000 employees. Cargo activities are

undertaken by the Emirates Group's Emirates Sky Cargo division.
The Royal family
During the mid–1980s, Gulf Air began to cut back its services to Dubai. As a result Emirates was
conceived in March 1985 with backing from Dubai's royal family, who's Dubai Royal Air Wing
provided two of the airline's first aircraft.
Investment company of Dubai
Emirates airline

Joint Strike Fighter Program Analysis
I gave the grade of a mid–level passing grade to Congress because they have done so much to
appeal to the majority of the population. Helping minority groups with education and developing a
STEM education for women and making Diesel Emissions stricter impressed environmentalists and
feminists. Issues are still present with Congress, and they are huge. The major and arguably the most
overlooked issue in Congress is the Joint Strike Fighter Program. The Joint Strike Fighter Program,
known as the F35 Lightning II as the project was awarded to Lockheed Martin as their X–35 beat
Boeing's X–32 fighter jet back in the early 2000s. Since then, the fighter jet has not seen widespread
combat with the only reported combat the fighter jet has seen is being

Case Study On Airbus
Executive Summary
The purpose of this report is to examine and analyse the problems that Airbus has encountered while
they were developing the A3XX and to recommend methods that Airbus could have implemented
and things they could have done differently to prevent them from arriving at those roadblocks.
The case study report draws attention to the competition between the two big shots of the aviation
market. In 1990, Airbus decided to enter the Very Large Aircraft (VLA) market by introducing and
developing the A3XX as they wanted to compete with the market's dominator, Boeing and its
infamous 747. In the beginning both firms independently explored the practicability of launching a
superjumbo and then decided to collaborate on the project. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
However, 20–year demand forecast for VLA passenger jets for both firms were not, with 330 by
Boeing versus 1235 by Airbus. This variation reflects both Airbus and Boeing's perspective
differences towards industry evolution. While Airbus looks towards greater capacity aircrafts,
Boeing looks towards greater fragmentation of aircrafts. Airbus believes the problem of growing
demand cannot be fully solved by increased flights and new routes as it is only a short–term
solution. Demand forecast related, Airbus did not take into consideration that even with all its
advantages, not all major airlines would want to buy the A3XX unless it demonstrates that it can
profit the

Boeing And Airbus Approach The Aircraft Marketplace
Dominating the commercial aircraft market for decades, Boeing is considered to be the most highly
competitive U.S aerospace industry. "U.S. firms manufacture a wide variety of products for civil and
defense purposes and, in 2010, the value of aerospace industry shipments was estimated at $171
billion, of which civil aircraft and aircraft parts accounted for over half of all U.S. aerospace
shipments. The U.S. aerospace industry exported nearly $78 billion in products in 2010, of which
$67 billion (or 86% of total exports) were civil aircraft, engines, equipment, and parts" (Harrison,
2011). However, its position of influence has lessened in recent years. This is due to its main
competitor, Airbus, who in recent years has made significant ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Second, Airbus, McDonnell Douglas, and Boeing are multi–product firms that are selling several
products during most time periods. When Boeing considers lowering a price of one of its products,
this will not only reduce the market share of Airbus's products, but it might also undercut the sales
of Boeing's other products. Boeing may then lower its prices by less than in a situation when it only
sells one product.
In a strategy similar to that of Airbus, Boeing absorbed its largest rival, McDonnell Douglas, in
1977. Boeing's newest entry into the market is the 787 Dreamliner, a revolutionary jetliner
manufactured with up to 50 percent composition materials and designed to increase fuel efficiency
and reduce environmental impact. The aircraft has suffered several problems since the first model
rolled off the line in 2007, most notably with the lithium–ion battery pack. These issues were
resolved in 2013 and Boeing expects the 787 to be incredibly successful due to new demand for
super–efficient airliners, a result of rising global fuel prices. Boeing is the wworld's largest
aerospace company, and the leading manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft
combined. The company designs and manufactures rotorcraft, electronic and defense systems,
missiles, satellites, launch vehicles and advanced information and communication systems. They are
a major

Situational Analysis, Airbus
Situational Analysis, Airbus.
Porter's Five Forces.
Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors – The aviation industry is a very difficult industry to enter,
and the risky of entry by potential competitors is extremely low.
Rivalry among established companies – The intensity of rivalry among established companies
within the aviation industry is very high. Currently the only competitor or Airbus is Boeing. Both of
these companies gain market share from each other using prices, product design, advertising, and
direct selling efforts. Due to the intensity of the rivalry among Boeing and Airbus, the profits are
squeezed.
The Bargaining power of buyers – The aviation industry depends on airlines and governments for
almost the all of its total ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since the introduction of the A300, Airbus has strived to offer customers a differentiated yet
technologically equal (and in many cases superior) product from that of Boeing.
SWOT Analysis
Situation– While profitable, Airbus is losing its competitive edge against and market share from
Boeing.
Opportunities – Continued deregulation in the airline industry, developing markets, exploitation of
Boeing's new "spoke to spoke" transportation theory. Military contracts, such as the tanker project
for the U.S. Air Force. Increase in the use of regional jets for hub to spoke routes.
Threats – B 787 Dreamliner, The new trends of smaller wide–body jets being used directly affecting
the sales of the A380. U.S. government's threat in launching a trade war against Airbus. Currency
exchange risk, dollar devaluation. Lack of demand for the A380. Fluctuations in the profitability of
the airlines (terrorism, fuel prices, etc). Business cycle fluctuation. Changes in trends in airlines
operations (routing, hub/spoke, etc.) Increased WTO/GATT problems.
Strengths – Empowered (globally minded) sales staff whom are permitted to make deals and
negotiate, and make pricing decisions made the spot. Technological competency (innovation), strong
relationships with the U.S., Chinese, and European governments. Standardization/Commonalities
between most aircraft. Risk sharing leverage with corporations, suppliers, and foreign

Case Study : Boeing : The Boeing Company Essay
Lauren Miller, Tori Tappero, Gabriel Quintero, Carlos Aguilar Management and Human Resources
301 Professor Aytug 6 June 2015 Boeing: The Boeing Company Table of Contents Company in
Brief (Tori)........................................................................Page 1 Environmental Analysis
(Tori)................................................................Page 1 Macro Environmental
Analysis(Tori)...............................................Page 1 Competitive Environment
Analysis(Lauren)........................................Page 1 Internal Environment
Analysis(Tori).................................................Page 1 Company's
resources(Tori)...................................................Page 1 Company's
culture(Tori)......................................................Page 1 SWOT Analysis
(Lauren)......................................................................Page 1 Strengths
(Lauren).....................................................................Page 1 Weaknesses
(Lauren)..................................................................Page 1 Opportunities
(Lauren)................................................................Page 1 Threats
(Lauren)........................................................................Page 1 Strategic Management
(Carlos)...................................................................................Page 1 Organization Structure
(Carlos)..................................................................................Page 1 Vertical Structure
(Carlos)...............................................................................Page 1 Horizontal Structure
(Carlos)..........................................................................Page 1 Human Resources Management
(Carlos) ...................................................Page 1 Ethical
Issues(Gabriel).........................................................................Page 1 Diversity

Boeing Customers
Boeing Customers:
The Boeing Company is one of the largest aircraft company's worldwide and supplies its products to
customers globally. Boeing commercial airplanes are dedicated to being a leader in the commercial
aviation industry by offering airplanes and services that deliver greater design, efficiency, value and
more flying experience to their customers. Boeing customers' are located in roughly one hundred
and fifty countries with operations and employees in 65 countries. Boeing is involved in
manufacturing, service and technology partnerships with companies and governments worldwide,
and contracts with more than 20,000 diverse suppliers and partners. Boeing delivers the largest
support and services to its customers worldwide.
The company tailors solutions to meet specific styles and it offers 24 hours a day and seven days a
week, world–class customer services support. In addition, Boeing works to provide the most skillful
customers' services and support to their customers around the globe. Furthermore, the largest
customers for 777 commonly known as "Triple seven" planes are Emirates Airlines, which by May
2017 delivered, four 777 aircraft to Emirates according to Boeing website orders and delivers report.
Singapore Airlines, currently has no deliveries scheduled being made, as of May 2017, and United
Airlines has seven 777 aircraft deliveries scheduled for May 2017. There are approximately sixty–
nine airline customers for the 777 aircraft worldwide.
The major

The Aerospace And Defense Industry
Companies in the aerospace industry require high capital investment and new innovated technology.
Some key ratios in the aerospace and defense industry include the current ratio, the debt to equity
ratio, working capital ratio, and capital expenditures to sales. These financial ratios measure how
firms leverage debt, how capable a company is of paying its obligations, and how much a company
invests to facilitate growth. The table below shows 2014 financial data for 1,400 large, medium, and
small company sizes within the aerospace industry (Hoovers, 2015).
Additionally, the cash flows in the aerospace and defense industry are generally not a concern
because contracts are paid based on a percentage of completion and cost–plus (Hoovers, 2015). A
cost–plus contract is when a contractor pays all of its required expenses plus more to make profit.
Manufacturers do not get paid until they have completed and delivered the products (Hoovers,
2015). Another key metric in the industry is the working capital turnover ratio. The working capital
turnover ratio is nearly thirty percent. This shows the aerospace industry is capable of using its
working capital to generate sales. The industry relies heavily on commercial air traffic and military
defense spending (Hoovers, 2015). The average days for accounts receivable sales is 53 days, which
is typical (Hoovers, 2015). Inventory turnover is also important for this industry because it is critical
to see how many aerospace products

Boeing Dreamline Case Study Report
Boeing Dreamline Case Study Report
By Jiajun Chen
INTRODUCTION
On April 26, 2004, as Airbus surpassed its market share for the first time in the history, Boeing
announced its plans to develop the Dreamliner 787 (initially known as Boeing 7E7). These plans
were meant to recapture its leading position in the commercial aircraft market. With this aircraft,
Boeing used a different approach for development. This report introduces the market position of the
787, addresses its new development strategy and its possible outcomes, and provides
recommendations to the project regarding challenges and the competitors Boeing faces.
Market Position The Boeing 787 is positioned within the market with a high likelihood of success.
As crude oil prices have risen over the past few years and likely to remain high in the future, the 787
can reduce the airline's operation cost by consuming 20% less fuel than other airplanes of
comparable size. On top of the non–corroding composite fuselages, sensors were embed into the
main structure to capture real–time data on plane's structure. With both features, the airlines benefit
from reduced maintenance cost and increased airplane life span. The Boeing 787 also has a larger
cargo capacity to allow for additional space, providing additional revenue from potential customers.
Because of the booming cargo market, adding additional cargo space was a necessity for more of a
stable revenue stream. Besides the airline companies, more financiers and leasing

Compare And Contrast Boeing And Airbus
Boeing Vs Airbus
In today's marketplace, distinct differences in the way competitive products work have become
increasingly rare. But functional product differentiation is exactly what the rivalry between the
Airbus A380 and the Boeing 787 Dreamliner is all about: Two companies with fundamentally
different products, based on diametrically opposite visions of the future, engaged in a Hatfields
versus McCoys battle with billions of dollars at stake.
Each company has made a series of big bets.
The Airbus A380 super–jumbo is a plane for the annals of aviation history. When it goes into service
later this year, it will be the biggest, baddest airliner around, capable of ferrying from 550 to 800
passengers (depending on configuration). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If Airbus made comparable efforts, we are hard–pressed to find the evidence.
The ordeals of air travel after Sept. 11, 2001, make even short flights feel like long hauls. Did
people really tell Airbus that they are perfectly happy to stand in more lines in exchange for a
cocktail lounge? Airbus could not be reached for comment.
Boeing versus Airbus is one of the most hard–fought, closely watched marketing battles out there.
It's also one of the most fascinating. Not long ago, it appeared as if Airbus had gained the upper
hand. If Boeing succeeds in winning this battle ––and it appears to be well on its way––it will
amount to one of the great reversals of business fortunes. It will also serve as proof of the wisdom of
understanding the marketplace well enough to lead, rather than follow.
Airbus
In the summer of 1988, a group of Airbus engineers led by Jean Roeder began working in secret on
the development of a ultra–high–capacity airliner , both to complete its own range of products and
to break the dominance that Boeing had enjoyed in this market segment since the early 1970s with
its 747. McDonnell Douglas unsuccessfully offered its smaller, double–deck MD–12 concept for
sale . Roeder was given approval for further evaluations of the UHCA after a formal presentation to
the

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