Ppt on Engine oil

1. Title: To Enhance The Tribological Properties
Of 15W40 Engine Oil
Presented By
1)Mr. Guldagad Abhishek Vinaykumar 2)Mr. Irabattin Rushikesh Vyankatesh
3)Mr. Korde Sagar Bharat 4)Mr. Jamdar Akash Balasaheb
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Prof. A. S. Aher Dr. R. R. Navthar
(Guided By) (H.O.D)

2. PROJECT CONTENT :
Introduction
Problem statement
Need of project
Literature survey of project
Literature Gap
Methodology
Project work involved
Conclusion
Result
References

3. Introduction:
In every mechanical system where the surface contact is
happened like wear, friction, noise generation etc. the proper
lubrication is essential for avoiding engine maintenance cost
and to increase engine life.
To reduce friction and wear, nanoparticles have been used as
lubricant additives that have promising effects on friction and
wear reduction especially in automotive industry
It reducing especially high loads, damages served to engine
and saving costs of fuel consumption
15W40 is a number code to specify the range of viscosities of
engine oils at specific test temperatures established by the
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).

4. Problem statement:
In various mechanical systems the conventional lubricants are used
consist of different types of conventional additives. Conventional
additives have few limitations at heavy loads. They are not able to
maintain their original properties and shows poor lubricating and
anti-wear properties at heavy loads.

5. Need of project:
To reduce the wear and friction of engine parts.
To control maintenance and operation costs by increasing the
life of engine parts.
To increase the tribological properties like viscosity, viscosity
index etc.
To increase the life of engine.
As , the no. of vehicles are increasing rapidly but the sources
of oil is limited, by this project we are trying to make oil
which has high tribological properties as compared to general
oil.

6. Literature survey of project:
Paper
No.
Name of the paper and
journal conference
Name of
author
Publication
year
Concluding remarks
1. A Study on the Tribological
Behavior of Molybdenum
Disulfide Particles as Additives
Filip Ilie, et. al 2022 Adding n-MoS2 particles to
the lubrication oil improved
the tribology performances
(of the extreme load, the
friction, and wear resistance).
The good tribological
properties of n-MoS2 were
mainly ascribed to the surface
effect of nanoparticles.
2. Research progress of nano
lubricating additives
Ting Li, et.al 2021 The addition of nanomaterials
in the field of tribological
lubrication improving the
resistance of traditional
lubricants to wear has been
significantly improved.

7. Paper
No.
Name of the paper and
journal conference
Name of
author
Publication
year
Concluding remarks
3. A Study on the Tribological
Performance of Nanolubricants
Yeoh Jun Jie
Jason, et.al
2020 The size, concentration, and
morphology of nanoparticles
are relevant to the
improvement of
tribological characteristics.
in base oils.
4. Metal-containing nanomaterials as
lubricant additives: State-of-the-
art and future development
Igor E.
UFLYAND et.
al
2019 Informations about various
nanoparticles , The
tribological mechanism of
nanolubricants should be
studied and examined in
more detail using modern
analytical methods as well as
molecular simulation.

8. Paper
No.
Name of the paper and
journal conference
Name of
author
Publication
year
Concluding remarks
5. Tribology Properties of
Synthesized Multiscale
Lamellar WS2 and Their
Synergistic Effect with
Anti-Wear Agent ZDDP
Na Wu, et. al 2019 In this work, the multiscale
lamellar-structure WS2
particles with sizes of 2 µm
and 500 nm
were successfully
synthesized by solid-phase
reaction method. Then, the
tribological properties of
multiscale 2H-WS2 and
ZDDP as additives in PAO at
four sliding velocities were
investigated at room
temperature.
6. Experimental Analysis of
Lubricating Oil Using
Nanoparticles as Modifiers for
Tribological Properties
Mr.Nikam M.M,
et.al
2018 Addition of molybdenum
sulphide and copper oxide in
base oil(SAE 20W30 mineral
oil) increases the flash and
fire point of sample.

9. Paper
No.
Name of the paper and
journal conference
Name of
author
Publication
year
Concluding remarks
7. A Review on Tribological
Properties of Various Lubricant
Mixtures and Additives
Ms. Ruchira P.
Pokharkar,et.al
2017 Load carrying capacity of the
base lubricant can be
improved by the addition of
the nanoparticles. The
positive effect of the nano-
MoS2 is more pronounced
under high contact pressures
as compared with nano-SiO2
because of extreme pressure
effect.
8. Experimental analysis of
tribological properties of
lubricating oil using nanoparticle
additives.
S.N.Mandlik,
et.al
2016 Addition of Nickel (Carbon
Coated) and silicon oxide in
SAE 40 Engine oil increases
the Flash and fire point of
sample. Also increases the
viscosity of oil and decreases
the wear rate of oil.

10. Paper
No.
Name of the paper and
journal conference
Name of
author
Publication
year
Concluding remarks
9. Tribological properties and
stabilization study of surfactant
modified MoS2 nanoparticle in
15W40 engine oil
Jamale Sonali,
et. al
2014 A very slight improvement in
viscosity of oil was obtained
on the addition of MoS2
nano particles. The flash and
fire point, pour point
increased by 5°C and cloud
point decreased by 5°C on
the addition of nano particles
in oil.

11. Literature Gap:-
As tribological characteristics of conventional lubricants cannot fit
the requirements of today’s generation of machinery and equipment
so, continuous research has been carried out to improve the
tribological characteristics of lubricants. Many new researches have
been conducted using nanomaterials and many considerable results
have been achieved. Since nanoparticles have been used as
lubricant additives, people have conducted a lot of research on
them and developed nano metal element, nano oxide and hydroxide
etc. and also found that two or more nano lubricating additives can
be mixed to obtain a new nano lubricating additive, which can
greatly improve the anti-wear and anti-friction characteristic of
lubricating oil, which can not only reduce the wear in industrial
production, but also increase the life of mechanical parts.

12. Selection of nanoparticles
Design of experiment
Oil sample preparation
experiments / Tests
Results
Best sample
Methodology:-
2
1
3
4
5
6

13. Project work involved:
After selecting the three nanoparticles we have to choose how
much amount of concentration to be added in oil.
By using the Minitab software(Taguchi method) we will get the
combinations of concentration.
L9 orthogonal array will give the best 9 combinations.
We have to do calculations for addition of nanoparticles in
Base oil.

17. Sr. No. ZDDP(% by
weight)
MoS2(% by
weight)
WS2(% by
weight)
1. 0.2 0.2 0.2
2. 0.2 0.4 0.4
3. 0.2 0.6 0.6
4. 0.4 0.4 0.2
5. 0.4 0.6 0.4
6. 0.4 0.2 0.6
7. 0.6 0.6 0.2
8. 0.6 0.2 0.4
9. 0.6 0.4 0.6
So we achieve this table with the help of a Minitab software, we
are taking three nanoparticles that are ZDDP, MoS2 and WS2 by
weight percentage.
Design of Experiment Table:-

18. We have 150 gm 15W40 oil for experiment,
1) 0.2 + 0.2 + 0.2= 0.6%
= 150 × 0.6% = 0.45
= 150 - 0.9
= 149.1 gm Base oil
•ZDDP(0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm
Calculations:-

19. •MoS2 (0.2%) =150 × 0.2%
= 0.30 gm
•WS2 (0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.30 gm
By adding 0.3gm ZDDP, 0.3gm Mos2 and 0.3gm WS2 we will get
total 150gm oil for the testing purpose.

20. 3) 0.6+0.6 +0.2 = 1.4%
= 150 × 1.4%
= 150- 2.1
= 147.9 gm Base oil
• ZDDP (0.2%) = 150 ×0.2%
= 0.3 gm
• MoS2(0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
• WS2(0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
2) 0.4 + 0.4 + 0.2 = 1%
= 150 × 1%
= 150-1.5
= 148.5 gm Base oil
• ZDDP (0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm
• MoS2(0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
• WS2(0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm

21. 4) 0.4 + 0.4+ 0.2 = 1%
= 150 ×1%
= 1.5
= 148.5 gm Base oil
•ZDDP (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
•MoS2 (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
•WS2(0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm
5) 0.4 + 0.6 + 0.4 = 1.4%
= 150×1.4%
= 2.1
= 147.9 gm Base Oil
•ZDDP (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
•MoS2 (0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
•WS2 (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm

22. 6) 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.6 = 1.2%
= 150 × 1.2%
= 1.8
= 148.20 gm Base oil
•ZDDP (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
• MoS2 (0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm
• WS2 (0.6%) = 150 × 0.3%
= 0.9 gm
7) 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.2 = 1.4%
= 150 × 1.4%
= 2.1
= 147.9 gm Base oil
•ZDDP (0.6%) = 150 X 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
•Mos2(0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
•Ws2(0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm

23. 8) 0.6 + 0.2 + 0.4 = 1.2 %
=150 X 1.2%
= 1.8
=148.2 gm base oil
•ZDDP(0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
•Mos2(0.2%) = 150 × 0.2%
= 0.3 gm
•Ws2(0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
9) 0.6 + 0.4 + 0.6 = 1.6%
= 150 × 1.6%
= 2.4
= 147.6 gm base oil
•ZDDP (0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm
•MoS2 (0.4%) = 150 × 0.4%
= 0.6 gm
•WS2 (0.6%) = 150 × 0.6%
= 0.9 gm

24. Sr. No. ZDDP
(gm)
MoS2
(gm)
WS2
(gm)
Base oil
(150gm of
15W40)
1. 0.3 0.3 0.3 149.1
2. 0.3 0.6 0.6 148.5
3. 0.3 0.9 0.9 147.9
4. 0.6 0.6 0.3 148.5
5. 0.6 0.9 0.6 147.9
6. 0.6 0.3 0.9 148.2
7. 0.9 0.9 0.3 147.9
8. 0.9 0.3 0.6 148.2
9. 0.9 0.6 0.9 147.6
Design of Experiment By Weight Percentage

25. Base
oil (gm)
Kinematic
Viscosity at
40 °c
Kinematic
Viscosity at
100 °c
Viscosity Index Flash Point
(°c)
Fire
Point(°c)
Pour
Point
149.1 107.8 14.67 140 244 262 <-27
148.5 111.1 14.08 127 242 260 <-27
147.9 109.3 14.08 130 242 266 <-27
148.5 109.1 14.18 132 242 264 <-27
147.9 108.5 14.42 136 242 270 <-27
148.2 109.3 13.96 128 240 272 <-27
147.9 109 14.05 130 240 264 <-27
148.2 108.6 14.48 136 242 268 <-27
147.6 108.1 14.29 135 242 266 <-27
150 gm
Base oil
109.4 14.23 132 252 268 <-27
Result:

26. Conclusion:-
After adding the nano-particles in proper concentration the
Tribological properties of engine oil changes and it gives
better result than the regular engine oil
We have concluded that it is singnificantly effective to add
nano-particles to lubricant for reducing wear and friction.

27. References:
 Filip Ilie , and Andreea-Catalina Cristescu “A Study on the Tribological Behavior of Molybdenum
Disulfide Particles as Additives” https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1244/pdf Page no.1 : 25
August 2022
 Ting Li1, Xianggang Chen, Junhai Wang, Lixiu Zhang, Xiaoyi Wei, LiboZhao and MengzhouMa
“Research progress of nano lubricating additives. ” IOPSCIENCE
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/680/1/012084, Page No:1, Date: 10 Oct 2021
 Yeoh Jun Jie Jason , Heoy Geok How , Yew Heng Teoh and Hun Guan Chuah “A Study on the
Tribological Performance of Nanolubricants.” https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/11/1372 Page No:1,
Date: 29 October 2020
 Igor E. UFLYAND, Vladimir A. ZHINZHILO , Victoria E. BURLAKOVA , “Metal-containing
nanomaterials as lubricant additives: State-of-the-art and future development ” https://d-
nb.info/1182397123/34 28 Nov. 2019
 Na Wu , Ningning Hu , Jinhe Wu and Gongbo Zhou , “Tribology Properties of Synthesized Multiscale
Lamellar WS2 and Their Synergistic Effect with Anti-Wear Agent ZDDP ”
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/1/115 22 December 2019

28.  Mr.Nikam M.M, Mr. Shedage S.B., Mr. Mane B.S., Mr. Gitay A.J, “Experimental Analysis of
Lubricating Oil Using Nanoparticles as Modifiers for Tribological Properties”,
https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Experimental+Analysis+of+Lubricating+Oil+Using+Nanopar
ticles+as+Modifiers+for+Tribological+Properties%E2%80%9D,&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=s
cholart IRJET, Date:03 march 2018
 Ms. Ruchira P. Pokharkar, Prof. Dipak S. Bajaj, “A Review on Tribological Properties of Various
Lubricant Mixtures and Additives”, https://www.ijert.org/research/a-review-on-tribological-
properties-of-various-lubricant-mixtures-and-additives-IJERTCONV5IS02002.pdf year: 2017
 S.N.Mandlik , A.C.Mande, Prof. S.R.Nimbalkar, “Experimental analysis of tribological properties of
lubricating oil using nanoparticle additives”
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1038.1360&rep=rep1&type=pdf
IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 Year: 2016
 Jamale Sonali , N.Sandhyarani and V.Sajith, “Tribological properties and stabilization study of
surfactant modified MoS2 nanoparticle in 15W40 engine oil”
https://www.seekdl.org/assets/pdf/20140922_103218.pdf 30 September,2014

29. THANK YOU…