Presentation

1. Topic: Compatibility
Submitted By Safdar Ali
Submitted To Dr. Waqar Ashraf

2. Compatibility
What is compatibility?
A state in which two things are able to exist or occur together without problems or conflict.
1) Blood Grouping (Forward & Reverse Grouping)
2) Cross-Match ( Donor Red with Patient Serum)

3. Purpose of Compatibility:
 PURPOSE Compatibility (i.e. Pre-transfusion) testing is performed to select
red cells that will
 i) not cause harm to recipient
 ii) have acceptable function in recipient
 iii) have acceptable survival in recipient

4. ABO Antigens:
ABO Antigens ABO antigens can be found on:
Red Blood Cells surface
Environment
Secretions

5. ABO Antigens on Red Cell Surface :
 The ABO blood group antigens are:
 I. A
 II. B
 III. H

6. Environmental Antigens

7. Formation of Antibodies:
 Formation of Antibodies against Red Cell Antigens Patients are transfused with
donor red blood cells.
 These donor red cells are different from recipients (patients) red blood cells
and thus are recognized by the recipient’s immune system as non-self i.e.
foreign for the recipient, like bacteria.
 Thus the body makes antibodies against these foreign antigens present on the
donor red cells which are absent in the recipient.
 Environmental Exposure.

8. Important Antibodies in Compatibility?
Two different kinds of antibodies can be formed in response to foreign red blood
cells. which are;
IgG IgM.

9. Secretions:
 Substance Some human body fluids contain soluble glycoproteins which have
antigenic determinants identical with red cell antigens. When antigens are in
solution, the term substance is applied.
 Thus there are A and B antigens on red cells, A and B substances present in
saliva and in other body fluids.

10. Blood group Compatibility:

11. Compatibility Testing (Cross-Match)
 Compatibility Testing Performed on Patient’s serum and Donor’s cells. For the final
confirmation of compatibility, patient’s serum is tested with donor red blood cells.
 This procedure is called Crossmatching, because patient’s serum is tested with the
donor red cells.
 There are three phases through which crossmatching have to be taken through.
 The three phases include:
 1) Immediate spin; Is performed to demonstrate ABO compatibility and to detect
IgM antibodies
 2) At 37 o C / Albumin (Enhancement media); This is performed to demonstrate
clinically significant IgG antibodies present in recipient serum to corresponding
antigen on donor cells.
 3) Antihuman Globulin (AHG) Phase: To demonstrate IgG antibodies in recipient
serum that may cause destruction of donor’s red cells.

12. Compatibility Chart For Pack Cells:

13. Compatibility Chart For Whole Blood:

14. FFP Compatibility: