intervention of writing, graphic design, graduate school, library science

1. The Invention of Writing
The Egyptian Influence
Information Services and Resources
Philip Yockey
Roxanne Mapp
LIS-652

2. Petroglyphs
Throughout the world, from Africa to North America to the islands
of New Zealand, prehistoric people left numerous petroglyphs (Fig)
which are carved or scratched sings or simple figures on rock.
Many of the petroglyphs are pictographs, and some may be
Ideographs, or symbols to represent ideas or concepts.
The History of Graphic-Design
Philip B. Meggs - 1998

3. Encyclopedias
Reference Sources
 Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia
 Encyclopedia Americana
 Encyclopedia,
thefreedictionary.com
 Encyclopedia Britannica
Online

4. Books - Reference
Reference books always offer a wealth
of information and serve as a great print
resource in the aid of writing papers. Students
can choose from a variety
of reference materials from any
library’s collection.
Hieroglyphs without Mystery
Karl-Theodor Zauzich
Handbook To Life In Egypt
Rosalie David
Ancient Egypt – The Great Discoveries
Nicholas Reeves
Africana
Appiah Gates

5. Books - Circulating
The Story of Writing
Carol Donoughue
The Romance Of Writing
Keith Gordon Irwin
Egyptian Hieroglyphics
Stephane Rossini
Understanding Hieroglyphics
Hilary Wilson
The 26 Letters
Oscar Ogg
Reading the Past –
Ancient Writing from Cuneiform
to the Alphabet – Introduced by J. T. Hooker
Scrawl! Writing in Ancient Times
Prepared by Geography Department
Runestone Press – Minneapolis

6. Fee-based Resources
 New York Public Library
Access to WorldCat,
CATNYP, Books in Print,
World Book Online,
Facts on File History Database
Center, Newsletters in Print,
NYPL Digital Gallery, Grolier
Online, Modern World History
Online and much more.
 Pratt
Access to Jstor, ERIC

7. Dictionaries
The print version of the New Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language International
Edition was used a basic guide for finding the meaning of the word “hieroglyphic”. Webster
defines the meaning of this word as a method of writing in which a pictorial symbol is used. It
goes on to state that Egyptian hieroglyphics consisted of a series of miniature drawings of men,
animals and objects. Webster’s dictionary gave a good definition and was a good starting point
that can be used to give a general understanding of the word.
Online Dictionaries Your Dictionary http://www.yourdictionary.com
Bartleby http://www.bartleby.com
Dictionary.com http://dictionary.reference.com

8. Trade Bibliographies
Amazon.com
Decoding Egyptian Hieroglyphs:
How to Read the Secret Language of the Pharaohs
by Bridget McDermott
http://www.amazon.com
Barnes and Noble
Hieroglyphics
By Karen Price-Hossell
http://www.barnesandnoble.com

9. Egyptian hieroglyphs
 Writing was very important in maintaining the Egyptian empire,
and literacy was concentrated among an educated elite of
scribes. Only people from certain backgrounds were allowed to
train to become scribes, in the service of temple, pharaonic,
and military authorities. The hieroglyph system was always
difficult to learn, but in later centuries was purposely made
even more so, as this preserved the scribes' position.

10. Bibliography
 Allen, J.(n.d..Hieroglyphic Writing Systems. Retrieved November 30, 2008, from nbk.grolier.com/cgi-bin/article?
assetid=a2013370-h.
 Appiah, K., & Gates, Jr., H.(2005). Writing, History of, in Africa. In Africana - The Encyclopedia of the African & African
American Experience (Second ed., Vol. Five,
pp.476-480).New York: Oxford University Press.
 Bartleby.com: Great Books Online -- Encyclopedia, Dictionary, Thesaurus and hundreds more. (n.d.). Retrieved
December 1, 2008, from http://bartleby.com.
 Books in Print.(n.d.).Retrieved December 5, 2008, from http://www.booksinprint.com.
 Bopp, R. (2001). Reference and Information Services: An Introduction. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited.
 CATNYP.(n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2008, from http://catnyp.nypl.org/search/a?a.
 Carmichael, A. (n.d.). Egyptian phonetic writing from its invention to the close of the nineteenth dynasty. Retrieved
December 1, 2008, from http://www.worldcat.org.
 David, R. (1998). Handbook To Life In Ancient Egypt. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
 Diringer, D. (n.d.). Writing. Retrieved December 1, 2008, from http://ea.grolier.com/cgi-bin/article?assetid=0424740-
00.
 Donoughue, C. (2007). The Story of Writing. Buffalo, New York: Firefly Books Ltd.
 Dreyer, G. (n.d.). Who Wrote First Dictionary.com. Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://dictionary.reference.com.
 ERIC Education Resources Information Center - World’s largest digital library of education literature. (n.d.). Retrieved
December 5, 2008, from http://www.eric.ed.gov/.
 Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2008, from http://www.britannica.com.
 Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2008, from
www.fofweb.com/History/Reference.asp?ID=12108.
 Facts on File. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2008, from wfsearch.webfeat.org/cgibin/WebFeat.
 Gordon, C. (1968). Forgotten Scripts. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
 Grolier Online. (n.d.). Retrieved November 26, 2008, from http://nbk.grolier.com/cgi-bin/article?assetid=a2013370-h.
 Hieroglyphic writing. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2008, from http://www.britannica.com.
 Hieroglyphics.(n.d.).Retrieved December 5, 2008, from http://www.barnesandnoble.com.
 Hooker, J. (1990).Reading The Past - Ancient Writing from Cuneiform to the Alphabet. Great Britain: University of
California Press/British Museum.
 Irwin, K. (1956).The Romance of Writing. New York: The Viking Press.
 Jackson, D. (1981).The Story Of Writing. New York: Taplinger Publishing Company.
 Linguistics 201: The Invention of Writing. (n.d.).Retrieved December 5, 2008, from http://www.yahoo.com.

11. Bibliography
 Mcdermott, B. (2008). Decoding Egyptian Hieroglyphs: How to Read the Secret Language of the Pharaohs. Canada:
Chronicle Books.
 Meggs, P. (1998). A history of Graphic Design. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Ogg, O. (1948). The 26 Letters. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.
 Pope, M.(1975). The story of archaeological DECIPHERMENT From Egyptian hieroglyphs to Linear B. New York:
Charles Scribner's Sons.
 Pratt Institute Libraries | Find Articles. (n.d.).Retrieved December 4, 2008, from http://library.pratt.edu/databases.html
 Price-Hossell, K. (n.d.). Barnes and Noble. Retrieved November 30, 2008, from http://barnesandnoble.com.
 Reeves, N.(2001). The Rosetta Stone: Cracking The Hieroglyphic Code. In Ancient Egypt The Great Discoveries - A
Year-by-Year Chronicle (First ed., Vol.One, pp. 14-17). New York: Thames & Hudson.
 Robinson, A.(2006, February 26). Visible marks of the move from sound to stone. Retrieved November 30, 2008, from
web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.pratt.edu:2048/ehost/search?vid=1&hid=12&sid=d2c17fef-e598-4316-ada3-
50ff61ba6193%40SRCSM2.
 Rossini, S.(1989). Egyptian Hieroglyphics. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
 The New York Public Library. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2008, from http://www.nypl.org.
 Welcome to the New Rochelle Public Library Website. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2008, from http://www.nrpl.org.
 Wikipedia. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2008, from http://www.wikipedia.com.
 Wilson, H. (1996). Understanding Hieroglyphs. Illinois: NTC Publishing Group.
 (WorldCat.org) Search for books, music, videos, articles and more in libraries near you. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4,
2008, from http://www.worldcat.org.
 Worlds, B.(1994).SCRAWL - Writing in Ancient Times. Minneapolis: Runestone Press.
 Yahoo! (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2008, from http://www.yahoo.com.
 Zauzich, K.(1999). Hieroglyphs Without Mystery - An Introduction To Ancient Egyptian Writing. Austin, Texas:
University of Texas Press.