some automotive things

1. GROUP 3
ABHINAND M S
ATHUL KUMAR P
MUHAMMED MIDLAJ KK
VYSHAKH KV

2. INTRODUCTION
 Driving the highway with your high-beam headlights
can really increase your visibility, but can be a blinding
hazard for other drivers. This simple circuit can be
wired into your headlight switch to provide automatic
switching between high and low beam headlights
when there is oncoming traffic. It does this by sensing
the lights of that traffic. In this way, you can drive
safely with your high-beams on without blinding other
drivers.

3. CASE STUDY
 A study of 3,200 vehicles on 2,500km of single carriageway
stretches of national and states highways in Punjab and
Haryana has found that vehicle drivers do not care if their
headlights are blinding those coming from the opposite
direction.
Only 26.15% of car/SUV drivers used dipper correctly while
a staggering 73.83% either continued on high beam
(48.3%) or dipped the light for a few seconds and then back
on the high beam (25.53%), says a survey conducted by
road safety NGO Arrive safe.

4. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 Introduce an “AUTOMATIC DIMMING HEADLIGHT”
for minimising the rate of accidents due to the high
beam headlights

5. OBJECTIVES
 MAINLY USEFUL IN THE HIGHWAYS .
 PREVENTS ACCIDENTS.
 PROTECTING EYES FROM THE HIGH BEAM
LIGHTS.

6. METHODOLOGY
 Design of automatic dimming headlights circuit
 Automatic headlight brightness switch switches the
headlight from high beam to low beam when light
from oncoming vehicle strikes the phototransistor of
the vehicle.
 The system is very useful for the safety of vehicles
while night driving

8. COMPONENTS
 5K 1/4W Resistor
 Phototransistor
 2N3906 PNP Transistor
 12V SPST Relay
 SPST Switch
 Car Battery
 Case, wire, board,
 IC555

9. PHOTO TRANSISTOR
A Photo transistor is a type of bipolar junction transistor
including a photodiode junction

10. 12vSPDT RELAY
 Single pole ,double throw relay that provides the
switching of the headlight beam.

11. SPST SWITCH
 One way switch
 A simple on-off switch:The two terminals are either
connected together from each other.

12. WORKING
 Automatic headlight brightness switch switches the
headlight from high beam to low beam when light
from oncoming vehicle strikes the phototransistor of
the vehicle. It holds the lights on the upper beam until
the vehicle approaches from the other direction. Also
the moment the car passes by,it shifts automatically
the headlight back to upper beam with the help of
LDR.

14.  Here we used GREEN LED for high beam indication
 RED LED for low beam indication

15. Low Beam

16. High Beam

17. CONCLUSION
 The Auto dimmer can perform a great deal in reducing
the manual efforts and fatigue of drivers in dimming
the headlamp frequently while driving through
highway full of moving vehicles. Newer and better
technologies always come with time and it will help in
reducing the manual labour and difficulties in the
sector where it is made use. In short it is a device with
bright future .