HYDROGEOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF SEASONAL VARIATION IN GROUNDWATER LEVELS OF BANGAR REGION, DEWAS DISTRICT, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA.

1. HYDROGEOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF SEASONAL
VARIATION IN GROUNDWATER LEVELS OF BANGAR
REGION, DEWAS DISTRICT, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Mohammad Rizwan
Guest Lecturer cum Research Scholar
School of Studies in Earth Science, Vikram University,
Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Geology of study area
• Seasonal Fluctuation
• (i) Dug well data Analysis
• Movement of Groundwater
• Groundwater Level Contour Map
• Conclusion
• References

3. INTRODUCTION:
The main river basin in the area is Chambal and Kshipra River and the
main source of surface water is rainfall and effluent seepage from the
groundwater. The river Kshipra is seasonal and water is directly being
lifted by small lift units for irrigation. These reservoirs are artificial
recharge of groundwater in the downstream side. The reservoirs usually
become dry during summer. Rainfall is only source of groundwater in the
area. Infiltration of the rain water depends on the lithological, structural,
geomorphological and metorological conditions of the area. Rainfall
replenishes the groundwater body in the area during monsoon period.

4. The artificial recharge is a phenomenon, which deals with the augmentation
of the natural movement of surface into groundwater by method of
construction, by spreading of water, or by artificially charging condition.
The hydrogeological characteristics of a particular basin or area involve the
study of the occurrence, movement, potential. The present paper is focused
on the analysis of seasonal variation in groundwater levels in Dewas Area
of Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh.

5. Study Area:
The study area Bangar constitutes a part of Dewas district of Madhya Pradesh. The
area is confined to latitudes 230 0’ to 230 5’ and longitudes 750 58’ 10’’ to 760 2’
5” (Survey of India toposheet numbers 46 M/16 and 55 A/4), Figure 1. The
climate of the area is moderate the coldest month is December and hottest period is
during May, temperature various from 1 to 450 C with the average of 250 C.
rainfall various from 440.6 to 1208.2 mm with an average of 874.84 mm. The
national highway number-3(Agra-Bombay road) passes at a research area. Bagar
area is located that at a distance of 10 kilometer from Dewas city in the way to
Dewas-Ujjain. Dewas is an important railway station on the Bhopal broad gauge
section of western railway and Bhopal is a capital of Madhya Pradesh.

6. Location map of Study
Area

7. Geology of the Study Area:
The study area forms a part of the Deccan traps volcanic province and is located
in Dewas district. The area it is characterized by the origins of different basaltic
lava flows of Deecan volcanic province (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene
period). Total eight flows in the Dewas district have been recognized Small
patches of alluvium are deposited along Basin of Chambal River and sub-basin
of Kshipra River. During traverse, Bangar area is uncounted with three different
flows of varying thickness.
Geological Successions of the Study Area
AGE FORMATION LITHOLOGY
Quaternary to Alluvial Alluvium composed
Recent of fine grained material
i.e. clay, silt block cotton Soil.
Eocene to Deccan Trap Lateritic soil cap,
Cretaceous basaltic lava flows.
………….…………………………unconformity………………………………………………..

8. The bottom and top R.L.S. of basaltic lava flows and their thickness in meters are as
given below
Characteristics of Basaltic Lava Flow
S. No. Flow No. R.L. in meters above M.S.L. Thickness in
meters
Bottom Top
3. Flow ΙΙΙ 670.00 707.00 37.00
2. Flow ΙΙ 640.00 670.00 30.00
1. Flow Ι 519.00 549.00 30.00
Source: National Hydrology Project, Dewas District.

9. HYDAROGEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF SEASONAL
GROUNDWATER VARIATION
Hydrodeological examination involves hydrogeology surface in the study area. It
is also knows as well inventory. The field survey involves the location of
adjusting well in the area and the examination of wells. It involves details such
as location of wells, owner of the well, bench mark, geological information and
measurement of diameter, total depth of well, static water level during post and
pre monsoons session and mode of lifting of water. The seasonal fluctuations of
water level are recorded by selecting the observation wells in the area. On the
basis of measurement of static water level during post and pre - monsoon
session. The reason of water level depletion has also been assigned.

10. Showing location of examined dug wells in study area.

11. Details of Well inventory existing and Measurement of water level in dug
wells in Study area in Bangar , Dewas District, Madhya Pradesh
Well No. Location name
of place
Type of well
L/Un
Diameter of
well (m)
Depth of
well
(m)
Bench
Mark
Water level
during
premonsoon
(m) b.g.l.
Reduced
water level
Premonsoon
Water level
during Post
monsoon
(m)
b.g.l.
Reduced
water level
post
monsoon
Water level
Fluctuation
(m)
1 Bangar L 12.8 6.6 531 Dry 531.0 4.3 526.7 4.3
2 Bangar L 7.00 5.10 523 Dry 523.0 2.90 520.1 2.9
3 Bangar L 6.5 19.0 530.5 17.6 512.9 4.00 526.5 13.6
4 Chhatradhar Un 11.0 7.00 526 Dry 526.0 2.50 523.5 2.5
5 Chhatradhar L 4.15 5.90 533 Dry 533.0 2.20 530.8 2.2
6 Singaoda L 6.00 9.00 520 Dry 520.0 3.00 517.0 3
7 Singaoda L 5.30 13.0 521 18.0 503.0 5.00 516.0 13.0
8 Bhimsi Un 5.00 8.40 529 Dry 529.0 3.30 525.7 3.3
9 Khajuria L 3.00 7.0 515 5.5 509.5 2.00 513.0 3.5
10 Newari L 5.00 9.0 517.5 Dry 517.5 3.00 514.5 3
11 Brahmankheri Un 4.20 13.45 522 7.00 515.0 5.45 516.55 2.55
12 Bodani L 6.00 10.65 528 8.7 519.3 5.15 522.85 3.55
13 Bodani L 5.50 8.00 537 Dry 537.0 4.00 533.0 4
14 Naranjipur L 4.45 9.95 529.5 8.6 520.9 4.45 525.05 4.1
15 TigraSancha L 4.00 7.20 530 Dry 530.0 3.10 526.9 3.1

12. DUG WELL DATA ANALYSIS:
The fifteen wells have been examined in the research area and different
relevant data recorded during the months of October 2011 and May 2012.
The details of well inventory, such as well diameter, depth of well, static
water level, location, name of owner, and purpose are recorded.
Diameter of Well
S. No. Diameter Range(m) Number of Well Percentage (%)
1 4-5 5 33.33%
2 5-6 4 26.66%
3 6-7 3 20%
4 7-8 1 6.66%
5 8-9 - -
6 9-10 - -
7 10-11 - -
8 11-12 1 6.66%
9 12-13 1 6.66%
Total 15 99.97%

13. A view of diameter of Well of Bangar study area.

14. Depth of Well:
S.No. Depth of wells (m) Number of wells Percentage (%)
1 5-6 2 13.33%
2 6-7 1 6.66%
3 7-8 3 20%
4 8-9 4 26.66%
5 9-10 1 6.66%
6 10-11 1 6.66%
7 11-12 - -
8 12-13
9 13-14 1 6.66%
10 14-15 - -
11 15-16 - -
12 16-17 - -
13 17-18 - -
14 18-19 1 6.66%
15 19-20 - -
16 20-21 - -
17 21-22 - -
18 22-23 1 6.66%
Total 15 99.95%

15. Showing the depth of open dug well constructed in study area.

16. Static Water Level:
The observation of water level in dug well from study area reveals a good
range of variation from 3.00 meter b.g.l. during month of October 2011 in
post- monsoon session and 8 m. in the month of May 2012 in pre –
monsoon session. The highest post -monsoon water level is 4 to 6 m. from
99.98% of the total wells. The lowest water level is in pre- monsoon season
from 18 – 19 meter forming 39.97% of the total wells

17. MOVEMENT OF GROUNDWATER:
The movement of groundwater has been identified with the help of water
level maps prepared for pre- monsoon and post monsoon session. The
water level contour maps reveal the nature of ground water occurrence and
direction of groundwater flow which is indicated on maps by means of
lines in maps. The line show the direction of ground water flow are
recognized by drawing perpendicular on water level contour of higher
value towards a water level contour of lower value. The slope of
groundwater flow is determined by the difference between the attitudes of
contours of highest and lowest value in the area divided by the normal
distance between two contours.

18. Groundwater Level Contour Map:
The groundwater contour maps are mainly divided in two parts. First is post
– monsoon groundwater level map and second is a pre – monsoon
groundwater level map. The groundwater contour maps are depending on
water fluctuation and water movement in ground surface.
Post Monsoon Groundwater Level Map:
Draw the post – monsoon groundwater contour map has been prepared of
scale 1: 50,000. This map is no major direction of observed in the direction
of groundwater flow and this map show the different direction of
underground water flow. This map shows the water flow in the
underground surface and direction of groundwater movement and
determined drawing perpendicular lines.

19. Showing groundwater level map of sturdy area during Post - monsoon.

20. Pre - Monsoon Groundwater Level Map:
This map show the many areas dry in study area. It has been observed that the
study area during the pre – monsoon session indicates the decrease of water
level in the existing wells as compared to the post – monsoon session .

21. Showing groundwater level map of sturdy area during Pre - monsoon.

22. Water level fluctuation:
The fluctuation of groundwater level of the study area around Bangar of the
Dewas district has been calculated on the basis of data collected from the
dug wells during the period of post – monsoon and pre monsoon. The
ground water level is noted in the fluctuation range of the maximum
number of wells reveals of water level within the range of meters . The data
on the basis of post and pre - monsoon water level data recorded from
observation wells.

23. Groundwater level fluctuation map of study area.

24. Conclusion:
This paper addresses the problem of hydrogeological examination of
seasonal variation in groundwater levels of Bangar area. The fifteen dug
well have been examined and the data are collected for the delineation of
variation trend. The seasonal fluctuation of water level is recorded by
selecting the observation wells in the area. The ground water fluctuation is
generally depended on the geology, topography, structural, rainfall and
over exploration of groundwater resources. The groundwater level in the
study area is rapidly depleting resulting in to crisis of water supply for
human life and agriculture field. It is suggest that depleting trends of
groundwater level can be checked by implementation of proper scheme in
valuing construction of artificial recharge structure and argumentation of
rainfall phenomena and department of forestations. The form of a water
table may change and vary due to seasonal changes.

25. References
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Madhya Pradesh.
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Bangar area, Dewas district, Madhya Pradesh. Vikram University Ujjain, Unpublished
M.Phil. Thesis. p. 106.
• Rizwan, M. and Dev, P. (2014), Quantitative Morphometric Analysis of a Watershed in
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of Research (IJR) Vol-1, Issue-9. P. 16-26.
• Rizwan, M. and Dev, P. (2014), Roll of Rainfall Trend on Hydrogeological Regime of
Bangar Area, Dewas District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary
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