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M.Reza Rastegar
PHTLS, AHA Instructo, RN, MSc, NAEMT member,
MPH of Health in Disasters and Emergencies
Department of Disaster & Emergency Health
School of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
‫اهداف‬:‫میگیریم؟‬ ‫یاد‬ ‫چیزهایی‬ ‫چه‬ ‫کالس‬ ‫پایان‬ ‫در‬
‫کنیم‬ ‫تعریف‬ ‫را‬ ‫تریاژ‬.
‫ببریم‬ ‫نام‬ ‫را‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫انواع‬.
‫بدانیم‬ ‫را‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫علت‬ ‫و‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫دلیل‬.
‫دهیم‬ ‫توضیح‬ ‫را‬ ‫رنگ‬ ‫هر‬ ‫به‬ ‫مربوط‬ ‫مفهوم‬ ‫و‬ ‫رنگها‬.
SMART TAGGING‫کنیم‬ ‫درک‬ ‫را‬.
‫استفاده‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫تجهیزات‬‫در‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫و‬‫تریاژ‬‫ببریم‬ ‫نام‬ ‫را‬.
‫دهیم‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫و‬ ‫توضیح‬ ‫آنرا‬ ‫تکمیل‬ ‫نحوه‬ ‫و‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫کارت‬.
‫بال‬ ‫تعریف‬
DISASTER
‫حادثه‬ ‫فرماندهی‬ ‫سامانه‬
4
‫فرمانده‬
‫ریزی‬ ‫برنامه‬ ‫عملیات‬ ‫مالی‬‫پشتیبانی‬
‫تریاژ‬
3-
7/6/2020
5
2
1
‫تعریف‬
‫روش‬‫کلي‬‫براي‬
‫تقسیم‬‫بندي‬/‫اولوی‬‫ت‬
‫بندي‬‫بیماران‬‫براس‬‫اس‬
‫فوریت‬‫نیاز‬‫به‬‫درمان‬
‫بالیا‬ ‫در‬ ‫تریاژ‬
‫شدت‬ ‫براساس‬ ‫بيماران‬ ‫بندي‬ ‫دسته‬
‫ك‬ ‫صورتي‬ ‫به‬ ‫جراحت‬ ‫يا‬ ‫بيماري‬‫ه‬
‫بتوانيم‬
‫خدمات‬ ‫بهترين‬‫به‬ ‫را‬
‫بيماران‬ ‫بيشترين‬‫در‬
‫زمان‬ ‫سريعترين‬‫با‬
‫امکانات‬ ‫كمترين‬
‫كنيم‬ ‫ارايه‬.
7/6/2020
7
“To do the best
for the most
with the least.”
8
‫؟‬ ‫کنیم‬ ‫فکر‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫به‬ ‫باید‬ ‫چرا‬
‫؟‬ ‫کنیم‬ ‫فکر‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫به‬ ‫باید‬ ‫چرا‬
•‫باعث‬‫مي‬‫شود‬‫امکانات‬‫محدود‬‫سازمان‬‫امدادگر‬‫را‬‫از‬‫آشفتگي‬‫خارج‬‫مي‬‫کند‬
•‫امکانات‬‫ما‬‫در‬‫اختیار‬‫کساني‬‫قرار‬‫گیرد‬‫که‬‫بیشترین‬‫استفاده‬‫را‬‫از‬‫آن‬‫مي‬‫کن‬‫ند‬
•‫روش‬‫برتر‬‫مدیریت‬‫تخصیص‬‫منابع‬‫است‬
•‫در‬‫شرایط‬‫پر‬،‫تنش‬‫فرایند‬‫تصمیم‬‫گیري‬‫را‬‫آسان‬‫مي‬‫کند‬
7/6/2020
11
‫دسترس‬ ‫در‬ ‫کافی‬ ‫منابع‬
‫مصدوم‬ ‫هر‬ ‫برای‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫بهترین‬
(P = Patient)
7/6/2020
12
(P = Patient)
‫مصدوم‬ ‫هر‬ ‫براي‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫بهترین‬
13
Do the greatest good for the greatest number
(P = Patient)
‫تریاژ‬ ‫در‬ ‫مهم‬ ‫اصل‬ ‫سه‬
Speed
Accuracy
Organization
7/6/2020
14
1-‫بیمارستاني‬ ‫پیش‬
2-‫بیمارستاني‬
3-‫مترقبه‬ ‫غیر‬ ‫حوادث‬
4-‫تروما‬
5-‫نظامي‬
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
15
‫تریاژ‬ ‫انواع‬
SIMPLE
TRIAGE
AND
RAPID
TRANSPORT/TREATMENT
‫اولیه‬ ‫تریاژ‬
START :
•‫پزشک‬
•‫پرستار‬
•‫تکنسین‬‫فوریتهاي‬‫پزشک‬‫ي‬
•‫امدادگران‬‫هالل‬‫احمر‬
•‫گروه‬‫سیار‬‫امداد‬‫پزشکي‬
‫پرسنل‬
‫تجهیزات‬
‫اولیه‬ ‫تریاژ‬ ‫کارت‬
‫ضدآب‬ ‫ماژیک‬
‫ساده‬ ‫لوازم‬‫درمان‬
(‫و‬ ‫باند،گاز‬‫ایروي‬ ،‫تورنیکه‬)
‫فوریتی‬ ‫اقدامات‬
.‫بازکردن‬ 1‫راه‬‫هاي‬‫هوایي‬
‫مسدود‬‫به‬‫علت‬‫وجود‬‫جسم‬
‫خارجي‬‫يا‬‫وضعيت‬‫نامناسب‬
‫قرارگيري‬‫فرد‬‫آسيب‬،‫ديده‬
.‫کنترل‬ 2‫خونریزي‬‫هاي‬‫شدی‬‫د‬
‫و‬‫فعال‬‫خارجي‬‫توسط‬‫پانسمان‬
‫فشاري‬‫وتورنيکه‬
‫آموزش‬
•‫اصول‬‫وفلسفه‬‫تریاژ‬
•‫روش‬‫تریاژ‬START
•‫اقدامات‬‫درماني‬‫ابتدایي‬
•‫آشنایي‬‫با‬‫کارت‬‫هاي‬
‫تریاژ‬‫و‬‫روش‬‫ثبت‬‫اطالعات‬
•‫مانور‬‫عملیاتي‬‫وکارگروه‬‫ي‬
7/6/2020
22
START METHOD
Simple------------------------
Triage------------------------
And------------------------------
Rapid--------------------------
Treatment----------------
‫ساده‬
‫تریاژ‬
‫و‬
‫سریع‬
‫درمان‬
‫درسیستم‬START
‫گروه‬ ‫چهار‬ ‫به‬ ‫قربانیان‬
25
‫درمانی‬ ‫اقدام‬ ‫دو‬ ‫و‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫سه‬
3‫ارزیابی‬
‫تنفس‬
‫خون‬ ‫جریان‬
‫هوشیاری‬ ‫میزان‬
2‫درمانی‬ ‫اقدام‬
‫هوایی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫باز‬
‫خونریزی‬ ‫کنترل‬
‫درسیستم‬START
7/6/2020
26
‫درسیستم‬START
‫مصدومین‬ ‫کلیه‬‫سبز‬‫را‬
‫ورودتان‬ ‫اول‬ ‫لحظه‬ ‫همان‬
‫نمایید‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫حادثه‬ ‫صحنه‬ ‫به‬!!!
‫که‬ ‫مصدومینی‬ ‫از‬ ‫بلند‬ ‫صدایی‬ ‫با‬‫رفتن‬ ‫راه‬ ‫توانایی‬‫دارن‬‫د‬
،‫بیایند‬ ‫شما‬ ‫سمت‬ ‫به‬ ‫و‬ ‫شده‬ ‫بلند‬ ‫خود‬ ‫جای‬ ‫از‬ ‫که‬ ‫بخواهید‬
‫نمایید‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫برایشان‬ ‫را‬ ‫آنها‬ ‫استقرار‬ ‫محل‬ ‫سپس‬.
‫با‬ ‫داشته‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫زیر‬ ‫و‬ ‫زده‬ ‫تگ‬ ‫را‬ ‫سبز‬ ‫مصدومین‬ ‫باید‬ ‫نفر‬ ‫یک‬‫شد‬.
‫بررسی‬ ‫به‬ ‫شروع‬ ‫اکنون‬‫مصدومین‬ ‫دیگر‬...
R
M
P
7/6/2020
‫ندارد‬....‫هوایی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫باز‬
‫سیاه‬ ‫برنگشت‬ ‫تنفس‬
‫قرمز‬ ‫برگشت‬ ‫تنفس‬
‫از‬ ‫بیش‬30‫قرمز‬
‫از‬ ‫کمتر‬30‫چک‬P
‫تنفس‬
‫رادیال‬ ‫نبض‬‫ندارد‬ ‫وجود‬
‫قرمز‬
‫رادیال‬ ‫نبض‬‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬‫چک‬M
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
30
ULSE
‫رادیال‬ ‫نبض‬
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
• Mental Status
•Can Not Follow Simple
Commands (Unconscious or
Altered LOC)
IMMEDIATE
•Can Follow Simple
Commands
DELAYED
‫ذهنی‬ ‫وضعیت‬
7/6/2020
32
•GREEN TAG
•RPMYELLOW
TAG
•RPMRED TAG
•BLAK TAG
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient states he can’t
move or feel his legs
Respirations are 26
Pulse is 110 (Radial)
He is awake and oriented
What Triage Category?
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
36
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient states he can’t
move or feel his legs
Respirations are 26
Pulse is 110 (Radial)
He is awake and oriented
Delayed
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
37
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient is soaked with
blood
no obvious killer bleed
Respirations are 38
Pulse is weak, no radial
He is awake
What Triage Category?
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
38
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient is soaked with
blood
no obvious killer bleed
Respirations are 38
Pulse is weak, no radial
He is awake
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
39
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient walks over to you
and
has an obvious broken arm
Respirations are 22
Pulse is 124 (Radial)
He is awake, alert, and
crying
What Triage Category?
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
40
Patient walks over to you
and
has an obvious broken arm
Respirations are 22
Pulse is 124 (Radial)
He is awake, alert, and
crying
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
7/6/2020
41
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient gurgles but can’t
maintain an open airway
and Is not breathing
Weak Carotid Pulse
She is unresponsive
What Triage Category?
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
42
MULTIPLE CASUALTY
EXERCISE
Patient gurgles but can’t
maintain an open airway
and Is not breathing
Weak Carotid Pulse
She is unresponsive
EXPECTANT
7/6/2020E.M.S.& DISASTER MANAGMENT CENTER OF S.U.M.S.
43
Disaster Triage/Start triage rastegar 2020

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Disaster Triage/Start triage rastegar 2020