Times of yore in AgBioForum, current science and many agriculture journal issues have been discussed Bt cotton safety (Manjunath 2011) controversies (Geeta Bharathan 2001), success (Camille Gonsalves 2007), resistance issues (Akshaya et al., 2010) and cost-benefit analysis (Manjunath 2011) in India a question rose as to “Bt or Non-Bt”. Article Citation: King Solomon E and Rajesh Kannan V. Rhizosphere Biology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu. India. Full Text: http://www.jagri.info/documents/AG0022.pdf

1. JournalofResearchinAgriculture
Times of yore in AgBioForum, current science
and many agriculture journal issues have been discussed
Bt cotton safety (Manjunath 2011) controversies (Geeta
Bharathan 2001), success (Camille Gonsalves 2007),
resistance issues (Akshaya et al., 2010) and cost-benefit
analysis (Manjunath 2011) in India a question rose as to
“Bt or Non-Bt”. Therefore, a typical collective question
must always come to mind that, who pays the costs can
reaps the benefits. Nevertheless, in Bt cotton, that farmer
pays the cost in pain, company reaps the gain, however,
and this is an important time to percept out some bitter
truths and promises of Bt cotton (SAGE 2011), a
punitive authenticity hidden behind the dreadful
publicity created by the biotech industry. The most
poignant tales from south Indian farmer’s burns out the
economic promise of Bt cotton was an utter lie. Bt cotton
brings the soil toxicity i.e. it kills the soil microorganism
(Robb 2009) and respiratory diseases (Sagari. et al.,
2010) and the loss of animals, when they had grazed Bt
cotton stalks (Venkateshwarlu 2010), these are the recent
reports from southern zone Bt experiences farmers
(Camille Gonsalves 2007) faced many problems in
quantity of yields, pesticides and imperfection of genetic
engineering. The plant had showed good height and full
of branches, but as years progress the plant size have
been decreases (Mayee 2003), today the plant height is
too low we can sit and pick the cotton ball. The dealer’s,
has suggested that Bt does not require pesticides but
recent research "Bt Crops and Insect Resistance", the
findings had showed that the levels of toxin emitted by
Bt crops varies and at times is insufficient to kill the
targeted pests. This could lead to greater use of
pesticides. There has been reported that more number of
Lepidoptera mainly butterflies were presented in the
Madurai District (Alagumurugan et al., 2011). There has
been a great variation between the some species like
Lepidoptera (Sivasankaran et al., 2011) Furthermore,
fluctuations in the efficacy of Bt crops to the extent that
some insects survive or provide opportunities for insects
to develop resistance to the Bt toxin and yield has been
decreased as well as expenditure was increased year by
year (Vageeshbabu et al., 2011). In addition to these
problems, picking cotton resulted in skin rashes, itching,
reeling sensation etc (Robb 2009), this became double-
edged laborers problem too. According to the cost, the Bt
cotton seed was three times higher than our normal
cotton seed (Carl 2010). The farmers, agriculturist and
environmental scientist were scared to use genetically
modified (GM) Bt crops, because it gives potential
impacts such as genetic erosion and loss of biodiversity.
King Solomon E and Rajesh Kannan V.
Rhizosphere Biology Research Group, Department of
Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli,
TamilNadu. India.
BT Cotton: Bitter Truths-Falter in Southern Zone of India
King Solomon E and Rajesh Kannan V.
Received: 07 Mar 2012 Accepted: 27 Mar 2012 Published: 07 Apr 2012
Opinion
Journal of Research in Agriculture
Original Research
Web Address:
http://www.jagri.info
documents/AG0022.pdf.
An International Scientific Research Journal

2. Crop genetic diversity is considered a source of
continuing advances in yield, pest resistance and quality
improvement. It is widely accepted that greater varietal
and species diversity would enable agricultural systems
to maintain productivity over a wide range of conditions.
Using of GM crops, it influence to soil communities
(Manuela Giovannetti et al., 2005) of biota that are
essential for soil functioning systems, such as nutrient
cycling and decomposition of organic wastes; and it
affect ultimately to soil fertility. There were large-scale
losses of Bt crops in a good number of farms due to the
pods failing to mature and break open naturally and
instances of the plants starting to die off before providing
any good products (Akshaya et al., 2010). A pest has
increased in the neighborhood of Bt cotton, as cost of
seed, agrochemicals and health makes the Bt cotton
failure (Suman Sahai 2002). Cotton is a very important
cash crop for Indian farmers and contributes more than
other domestic product of Indian agriculture (Bennett
2005). Due to these types of indigestible problems they
are wishing to go back to Non- Bt Cotton, finally, it may
falter in southern region of India and at last, even it will
fade in India.
REFERENCES:
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Padmakumari M, Mohan and Viraktamath. BC.
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Seasonal and relative abundance of butterflies in a scrub
jungle habitat of Peraiyur Taluk, Madurai District,
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Bennett RM, Ismael Y, Kambhampati U and Morse
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cotton. Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur,
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Robb CW. 2009. Bt cotton: weaving a web of infertility:
navdanya. org/news/ 25feb09. htm., http://
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subfamily Catocalinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal
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Solomon and Kannan, 2012

3. Solomon and Kannan, 2012
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Venkateshwarlu K. 2007. Genetically modified cotton
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