The Importance Of Dual Relationships

The Importance Of Dual Relationships
What is a dual relationship?
A dual relationship in psychotherapy occurs when a therapist plays more than one role in his or her
client's life (Zur, 2015). In a non dual client therapist relationship, the only connection which the
therapist has to his or her client is through their therapy sessions. Though it is possible that they may
may have minimal contact with each other outside of the therapy sessions, they are not closely
acquainted in any other way. Thus, there is no confusion over the role of the therapist or the nature
of their relationship. In a dual relationship, the therapist is acquainted with the client outside of the
client therapist relationship (Zur, 2015). For example, the client might be a friend, coworker, family
member, student, or business partner of the therapist (Zur, 2015). Dual relationships are somewhat
controversial in the field of psychology. Some psychological schools of thought have advocated for
the avoidance of dual or mixed relationships whenever possible (Johnson and Ridley, 2008). Others
have embraced and accepted them as necessary and even beneficial to the client therapist
relationship. Dual relationships within the psychotherapy setting have the potential to be
problematic because the boundaries of the client therapist relationship may become muddled.
However, dual relationships are not inherently unethical or illegal (Zur, 2015). In fact, in many cases
they can be helpful and even therapeutic (Zur, 2015). The idea that
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Person-Centred Approaches to Counselling Unit
Person–Centred Approaches to Counselling Unit
The essay will evaluate the necessity and importance of the development of the core conditions in
the counselling process and critically analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the person–centred
approach on the counselling process.
The Person–Centred Approach focuses on the clients own best authority as it is based on the client's
personal experience in his or her own life here and now. It shows the client as someone who has the
ability of fulfilling his or her own potential for changes (Mearns & Thorne, 2007)
I believe that Carl Rogers Person–Centred counselling is reliable. It developed the method of
enhancing the relationship formed between a counsellor or therapist and client. Rogers ... Show
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Due to a fundamental need for positive regard from others, it is easier to 'be' this sort of person so as
to receive such positive feedback. Over time, the individual looses the sense of their own identity
and their own evaluations of experience, and the individual may partly or even entirely change due
to the pressures felt from other people or the environment around them.
At the same time, we have a need for positive self–regard – to develop a sense of trust in the
accuracy and reliability of our own inner experienced, it is on this we must depend if we are to
become independent from and able to make good decisions about life and how we are to be in it.
We learn to view ourselves as others view us, ignoring our inner experience whatever we feel it is in
conflict with the values of those significant others on whom we depend. Roger's term for this was
locus of evaluation. By this, he meant the tendency of some people to rely on the evaluations of
others for their feelings of acceptance and self esteem (Mearns & Thorne, 2007). Unconditional
positive regard defined as being non–judgmental, accepting, and respectful toward the client
(Mearns & Thorne, 2007).
The background and moral differences of a client should not prevent the counsellor attaining the
Rogerian conditions. The counsellor has to accept the positive and negativity of ones

Carl Rogers Person Centered Theory
The person–centered theory was created by Carl Rogers in the 1940s. At the time when this
approach began it was considered radically different than those that were available. All theories
were predominately therapist centered, symptom focused, or orientated to making personality
changes. Rogers approach let the clients take charge and lead their direction of change. Rogers was
the first to use the word client to refer to an individual seeking psychotherapy. Implicit in his theory
is the basic premise that people are essentially good. The person–centered theory views an
individual from a different perspective than other theories in that what is important is an individual's
perception of their reality rather than the event itself. This is so central to his theory that it is often
referred to as self–theory. In order for a healthy self to emerge, people need genuine and positive
regard. However, if in childhood an individual receives conditional acceptance, it teaches them to
feel valued only when they conform to others' wishes (GCU, 2014; Murdock, 2013). In using the
person–centered theory approach there are considerations to apply such as goals and interventions,
theory duration, counselor's role, client's role, appropriate populations, social and cultural needs, and
risks..
Goals and Interventions The goals of the person–centered theory include focusing on the client as a
person, not their problems. Clients are assisted in learning how to cope with the

The Importance Of Creating A Comfortable Context
1) I take responsibility for creating a comfortable context in which to communicate. I arrange for the
client's comfort. Within the role play session of providing drop–in counselling to a client I took
responsibility of the setting. Prior to when the client arrived to the session, I as the counsellor took
the time to prepare the space which was set to be intimate, personal, comforting, inviting, and non–
distracting. To create this type of space I provided large chairs for the clients comfort with a proper
amount of distance between the chairs to be intimate and personal without infringing on a personal
boundary. The chairs were purposely situated to be facing each other for easier communication, and
sight to watch for emotions, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I showed my client I was genuinely interested and authentic by explaining to her my role at the
resource center and how I was there to sit and speak with her regarding herself. I was genuine by not
using authority over the client and creating a power struggle however instead was attentive and
responsive to the needs that benefited the client. Furthermore I am an empathic person and
presented that to the client throughout the session. Empathy was presented by understanding the
client's thoughts, feelings and meaning of their own experiences and perspectives. It was further
shown with genuineness by checking I fully understood the client's experiences and perspectives
and was not wrong in that understanding, showing counselor wanted to be able to have the shared
understanding and empathetic approach with the client. By doing this and showing the client that I
wanted to perceive the world from their point of view I showed with empathy that her view had
value and that I was accepting of her.
3) I focus my attention by filtering out my own "noise" (physiological and psychological) and
"tuning in" to the client. Counsellor focused attention onto client by filtering out "noise" which is a
disruption or distraction that could have interfered with the transmission and interpretation of
information during the communication processes. Physiological noise that had to be filtered out as a
counsellor during this session was a

Reflection On Family Relationship
In this skills session my client brought her relationship with her mother and her feelings about that
relationship. She brought feelings of "sadness" "hurt" "upset" and "grief". She states early in the
session "I'm constantly searching for some sort of love" and "affection from her". She describes
feeling neglected and disregarded by her mother and the rest of her family. She admits that these
feelings have "stretched into the rest of her life" and have left her feeling "unworthy" "not good
enough" and like she "doesn't matter". She states that she feels "not worthy of affection" or "care" or
"regard". My client was questioning why her mother behaves the way she does towards her. She
finds her mother's behaviour "difficult to understand" and feels she doesn't "understand where it's
coming from". During the session my client describes her mother's behaviour in a particular
scenario when she felt her mother behaved differently when she had an audience to play to. My
client described feeling "ganged up on" by her mother, who was "backed up" by her visiting
relatives. It is clear my client wants a relationship with her mother and states this clearly when
asked. She is seeking answers "what is going on", "what is going on with this attitude?" My client
states that she has suffered with feelings of being "unworthy" for "most of her life" and suffered a
nervous breakdown two years ago after which she sought help from counselling and her GP.
Considering what I have outlined above it would appear that my client's feelings of being unworthy
and of not being good enough arise from feeling that she doesn't matter to, or is disregarded by her
mother and other family members. It would appear that my client's evaluation of her self worth or
self–esteem has been affected by her close family relationships. Carl Rogers (1959, p200 & p223)
describes the development of the self–concept (how an individual perceives themselves) and how
this self–concept is heavily influenced by the conditions of self worth set out by others. Conditions
of worth are constraints or preconditions, which an individual perceives are placed upon them by
individuals external to them. The individual believes that these preconditions must be satisfied or

Carl Rogers's Theory : Person-Centered Therapy
Person–centered therapy otherwise known as client centered therapy is a non–directive approach to
counseling created by Carl Rogers. This theory is best described as based on the belief individuals,
rather than their environment or subconscious motivations, can control their choices and values and
accomplish their own unique potential for change. Rogers' theory stresses how it is the individual's
own responsibility for improving his or her life with the primary motivating force of humans is
reaching self–actualization which is the tendency to move in the direction of growth, adjustment,
socialization, independence, and self–realization (Erford, 2018). In terms of his theory, there are two
fundamental ideas at the center of it all, the first being about healthy development in terms of how
the individual views their own well–being. A healthy individual can see the relationship between
their sense of who they are and who they feel they should be. The second fundamental idea from
Rogers's concept of the conditions for healthy growth, and the role of a therapist in fostering healthy
growth. Throughout the process Rogers called person–centered therapy, the counselor seeks to
provide empathy, openness, and unconditional positive regard for the client. This research paper
examines the concept of person–centered therapy, the types of problems which can occur when
using this approach, strengths of this using this type of therapy along with examining the
weaknesses of using this type

Therapeutic Personality Change
Process of change
Rogers published his paper 'the necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality
change in 1957. In his paper, he explained about the therapeutic change and the six conditions
required to achieve it. Among the six, there are three core conditions which are – congruence,
unconditional positive regard and empathy. (Purton, 2004)
For formative personality change to happen it is important to have these conditions which should
continue for a period:
Client and the therapist are in psychological contact.
The client is in a state of incongruence, being vulnerable or being anxious.
The therapist is congruent, genuine and transparent in the relationship.
The therapist feels unconditional positive regard and being

Informal Counselling Styles
Secondly, telephone, email, and online counselling, are all types of informal counselling styles
(Lester and Rogers, 2013). There are many advantages for individuals who chose to seek guidance
and support through the use of informal counselling. Informal counselling can be extremely helpful
for people who do not have much money or people who have a demanding lifestyle (King et al.,
2006). According to Mariampolski, (2002) informal styles are easier to access, they are more
affordable, are flexible in regards to time, and they are genuinely more convenient for most people
as many individuals do not have time to attend sessions or group meetings. In addition, informal
counselling is entirely set up by the client, allowing them to access it at ... Show more content on
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For example; according to Claringbull, (2010) for individuals who do not have a lot of money this
type of counselling can be exceptionally expensive also, there may be a limitation on transport.
Clients may live in remote areas, where they find it difficult to find counsellors and may not have
any transport to get to their sessions (Lynch, 1998).
Overall, the most suitable style of counselling in regards to this case study would be a more
structured, formal style of counselling. This is because the client has multiple issues, meaning that
the client will have a vast amount of mixed emotions and will need a counsellor's full attention.
However, it is important that the client receives counselling sessions that are local to her with a
price she feels is

Empathy In Counselling
Counselling is an activity whereby a person helps another one through verbal interaction. However
counselling should not be mistaken for advice giving, or an attempt to solve a person's problems.
Counsellors are expected to be professional, while at the same time possessing qualities essential in
creating an atmosphere of mutual trust and confidentiality with the client. A good relationship
between a counsellor and a client, ensures that at the end of the day, the therapy is successful.
Rogers (1951) strongly believes that the moment a client feels that the counsellor is on their side,
providing them with the comfort that they seek, they become more motivated to change. This
somehow highlights the importance of a positively established relationship between a counsellor
and a client. This essay will assess ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The outcome of the session will probably be negative. When a counsellor shows empathy towards a
client, it strengthens their relationship. Carl Rogers (1975) defined empathy as "being able to relate
with the client's ways of thinking and being able to express your understanding of what they are
experiencing, during counselling sessions". The whole point of showing empathy is so that the client
can feel that they are being understood and their feelings shared. Without this connection, clients
and counsellors will find it difficult to develop a successful relationship. As stated by Angus and
Hardtke (2006) "By showing empathy, the counsellor allows the client to reveal their personal
emotions and experiences". Which is the whole point of counselling, as people who seek help from
counsellors want to find something extra other than obtain sympathy that they usually get from their
families and friends while discussing their issues. According to Westra (2004) the moment a client
feels that they have bonded with a counsellor, their will to attain changes

Essay 1 Person Centred Therapy
Evaluate the claim that Person–Centred Therapy offers the therapist all that he/she will need to treat
clients.
Introduction
In this essay I will look at the claim that Person–Centred Therapy offers the therapist all that he/she
will need to treat clients. Firstly, I will outline what Person–Centred therapy is and look at what its
originator, Carl Rogers', theories behind this approach are. I will then discuss some of the criticisms
that have been made about Person–Centred Therapy, and weigh them up to evaluate the strengths
and weaknesses of this therapeutic approach. In the conclusion I will reflect on my learning, and on
my own experiences and opinions.
What is Person–Centred Therapy
Person–Centred Therapy is a humanistic approach to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This complete acceptance, without judgement and criticism, is important for a client to start to value
and accept themselves. In order for a therapist to be able to show unconditional positive regard, they
need to know, accept and value themselves and be in touch with their own values and morals. I think
that the more a therapist is accepting of who they are themselves, the better they will be able to
accept and respect their clients.
Congruence
Congruence can be explained as genuineness, being honest or real with the client. "Congruence is
the state of being of the counsellor when her outward responses to her client consistently match the
inner feelings and sensations which she has in relation to the client." (Mearns and Thorne, 1999,
p84) The client must perceive the therapist as being real, in order to develop trust. Again this
requires a good awareness and self–knowledge of the therapist.
Criticisms on Person–Centred Therapy
Rogers himself was aware of the criticism expressed about his theories by people who prefer other
therapeutic approaches. He describes in Chapter 5 in his book 'Client–Centred Therapy, three
questions raised by other viewpoints'. One of the questions from therapists with a psycho–analytical
orientation is how a Person–Centred therapist deals with "transference", which is "the repetition by
the client

The Theoretical Principles of Person Centre Counselling
The theoretical principles of Person–Centred theory and it's application in practice. The work shall
emphasise the significance of the six necessary and sufficient conditions for therapeutic change in
particular, the three core conditions. A critical analysis of the efficacy of the approach will be carried
out with some critical evaluation of the researched arguments for and against the effectiveness of
Person Centred Counselling.
The common conception of human beings sees them as unsocialized, irrational and destructive to
themselves and others. The client–centred point of view sees people as basically forward thinking,
rational and social. Antisocial emotions such as hostility and jealousy are not seen as aspects of
human nature ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Conditions of worth are imposed upon us by society. The individual will value experience a s
positive or negative solely because of the conditions of worth that have been imposed upon them
and not because of whether or not the experience enhances the organism . The developing self will
grow and actualize itself but because the self contains the introjected evaluations of others it may
grow in a different direction from the organism.
Positive self regard
A Positive self image which is no longer dependant on the attitudes of others.
Internal and external locus of evaluation
This refers to how much you value yourself from the inside "internal locus of evaluation" and how
much you need to be valued by others "external locus of evaluation".
The six necessary and sufficient conditions
Rogers emphasised six necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change.
Rogers(1957) writes: "For constructive personality change to occur, it is necessary that these
conditions exist and continue to exist over a period of time: (1) Two persons are in psychological
contact. (2) The first who we shall term the client, is in a state on incongruence, being vulnerable or
anxious. (3) The second person whom we shall term the therapist, is congruent or integrated in the
relationship. (4) The therapist

Client Centered Therapy And Rogerian Psychotherapy
Introduction
Person center therapy has many names such as client–centered therapy, person–centered counseling
and Rogerian psychotherapy. The theory I chose to write about is called person–centered theory. In
this paper I will talk about the strength and weakness of this type of therapy. How is it used in
today's society and how it was used in the past. I will also talk about the developer of Person–center
therapy.
Carol Roger
Carol Roger, the father of the humanistic movement in psychotherapy. The theme in this therapy is a
nonjudgmental listening and acceptance of the client, the scientific term would be unconditional
positive regard. Roger was born on January 8th 1902 in Oak Park Illinois. He grew up in a very
strict and religious family. As a young boy Carl Rogers was shy and very studious.He first attended
University of Wisconsin as an agricultural science major. Later on ended up transferring to Union
Theological Seminary in Chicago. In 1942 Rogers became one of the first therapist to record &
transcribe therapy sessions precise, a practice that is now commonly done. Rogers's client –centered
therapy is among the most prominent and widely used techniques in today's society. In 1987 Rogers
was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize because of his humanistic causes. (McLeod, 2015)
Purpose of Person–Centered Therapy
Person–Centered Therapy is a type of talk psychotherapy which was developed by Carl Rogers in
late 1940s and early 1950s. One of the main Purpose of

The Person Centered Therapy Approach
Abstract
Carl Rogers presented the person–centered approach of therapy as a reaction to the directive
approach of psychoanalysis and behaviorism. This type of therapy would be catagorized under the
humananistic perspective. The person–centered therapy emphasizes facilitative therapy conditions
as a means to behavior change in individuals, groups, families, schools and communities. There are
facilitative conditions to this type of therapy, they include: congruence, unconditional positive
regard, and empathic understanding. Person–centered therapy goal is that an individual is essentially
motivated to grow and develop to become more fully self–actualizing. There are three core
conditions that surround the person–centered approach. There ... Show more content on
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When self–actualizing is accomplished the person should be able to live as independent and
compatible (Patterson & Joseph, 2007). The person–centered approach has three core conditions: (1)
the therapist is congruent with the client, (2) the therapist provides the client with unconditional
positive respect, (3) the therapist shows compassionate understanding to the client (Rogers C.,
1986). The person–centered therapy's main focus is on the person versus the presenting problem.
Together the therapist and client will work to solve the problem, because with this approach the
therapist may not be the expert. Working together, without direct help from the therapist will the
client to understand and solve their own problems. Even if the first solution does not work
completely, the client and therapist is building a relationship and can explore a better solution
together. The personality and character the therapist demonstrates to the client is a vital is an
importance to the value of the client/therapist relationship. Rogers' person–centered therapy came as
a response to the directive approach of psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Rogers' desired a more
humanistic perspective.
History of Theory
Person–centered therapy, also known as client–centered therapy was first used by Carl Rogers more
than 70 years ago. Rogers believed people were overall good and was a humanist thinker. This type
of therapy took off in

Client Centered Therapy Or Person Centred Therapy
1. Describe the major views of the model.
This model is called client–centered therapy or person–centered therapy. It can also be known as
Person–centered Psychotherapy, Person–centered counseling or Rogerian Psychotherapy. The basis
of Rogers's therapy is designed and wrapped around the client.
The focus by its name is the client. Rather than suggesting the person is a counselee or a patient they
have chosen the word client to make it less clinical and more relational in how the person possibly
could feel about getting the help they need.
Rogers would say that people have within them the ability to grow and change and become different
and happier well–rounded people and that is the goal . The help they need is inside of themselves. ...
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This helps to make the sessions more relational rather than clinical as they had been in years
previous to Rogers therapy.
The third Core Condition: Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR). As a CR gives "unconditional
positive regard" the client's "self–esteem and self–actualization" is positively influenced helping
them deal better with their personal struggles around and within them. With UPR the CR does not
push or ask questions that might upset or disturb the client. There is no criticism and the client is
then free to share, express and talk about their struggles in a non–judgemental and pleasant and safe
environment. By accepting the client unconditionally they can then see how their self–worth has
been negatively affected by the actions and words of others, or "distorted by others". "The purpose
is to help clients reconnect with their inner values and sense of self–worth."
"Rogers believed that by using the core conditions of empathy, congruence, and UPR, the client
would feel safe enough to access their own potential. They would be able to move towards self–
actualization, as Maslow called it, to be able to find the answers in themselves."
The client needs a "psychologically favored environment" and then they will progress further. In
other words, there needs to be a good relational climate created by the counselor and he

Essay on journal on Unconditional Positive Regard
In tonight's session we have been learning further about Carl Rogers and his conditions of a
successful person– centred therapy. We have been exploring Unconditional Positive Regard, a term
used by Rogers to describe a basic acceptance and support of a person regardless what they say or
do. Unconditional Positive Regard is an attitude of the counsellor towards his client. Rogers
believes that this attitude is essential to a healthy development and cause a positive therapeutic
movement in a therapy.
I find this condition; the very definition of humanity. Our species have a rare capability to
understand each other, however many of us hardly use it. It requires putting the others first,
demands to put our feelings and emotions aside. We are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In many cases, clients show signs of disbelief and sometimes even aggression towards their
therapist. The reason for that is conditional love most of us have experienced in a lifetime. This is
called; conditions of worth, since we were little children we have been told or shown that to deserve
acceptance and love we have to behave in a certain way ( e.g. Be good, patient, obedient, confident,
etc.)We are convinced that we have to be worthy of love. For most of us adults other people's
perception is very important and in many cases can even define a person. Being so used to seeing
myself through other people's eyes, being judged for what I do or have done, Unconditional Positive
Regard appears to me as almost impossible to believe. I do think that it is possibly also client's
attitude. That disbelief; that the therapist can put aside whatever I have done and see me as a worthy
person for who I am, even If I do not believe in me; probably take a while to disappear and change
into trust.
Rogers said that every one of us has within himself desire to change in a positive direction. I assume
that he meant and believed that goodness is our natural aspiration. I fully agree with him no matter
how unrealistic and ideal it might seem. If we, learning how to be a counsellor, will understand how
to be able to accept another person, regardless of their past, negative attitude or defensiveness we
will then

Person Centered Model
Psychology, Other – Year 2
Person–Centered model of helping
Prepare a response on a Person–Centered model of helping. I need suggestions, information and
ideas for each section in this task to help get me started.
TASK:
You must integrate your learning from the course and discuss how and why you have, at this point
in your development, formed your viewpoint(s). Your response must include the following
elements:
1. Presentation of the Person–Centered model
2. Your view of helping and how your chosen model fits within your viewpoint
3. The relationship between the clinician and the participant as it relates to Person–Centered model
4. Techniques or approaches to change as indicated in the Person–Centered model
5. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Your view of helping and how your chosen model fits within your viewpoint
This asks for your personal view of helping and how it fits with person–centered therapy. Does your
view of helping reflect these principles?
3. The relationship between the clinician and the participant as it relates to Person–Centered model.
The relationship between the therapist and the client is non–directive. The therapist is supportive,
non–judgmental and does not work out what the client's problem is; this is the client's work. In other
words, the therapist merely facilitates self–actualization by providing a climate in which clients can
freely engage in focused, in–depth self–exploration (Person Centered Therapy, 2007).
In fact, according to Rogers' (1957), the relationship is based on three therapist characteristics or
attitudinal conditions that need to be present in the therapeutic environment:
Congruency (or genuineness): '. . .within the relationship (the therapist) is freely and deeply himself,
with his actual experience accurately represented by his awareness of himself . . .' and ' . . .he is
what he actually is, in this moment of time . . .

Unconditional Positive Regard: '. . .the extent that the therapist finds himself experiencing a warm
acceptance of each aspect of the client's experience as being a part of that client . . .'
Empathic Understanding: 'To sense the

Ethical Framework, Limits of Proficiency and the...
ETHICAL FRAMEWORK, LIMITS OF PROFICIENCY AND THE LIMITATIONS ON
COUNSELLORS COMPARED TO OTHER PROFESSIONS THAT USE COUNSELLING
SKILLS. The Ethical Framework is made up of rules and regulations within which Counsellors and
Psychotherapists strive to achieve in order to attain a high professional standard. It protects client
and counsellor and compounds values, principles and personal moral qualities for counsellors to
work alongside in order to achieve the highest standard of counselling for clients. These include
safety, record keeping, confidentiality and issues such as prejudice, transference. It also requires that
at the start of every new counselling relationship a clear contract is set up between the counsellor
and the client. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Counsellors are required to have adequate training and supervision to help maintain them
throughout their professional lives. Counsellor must be respectful of their professional position and
remain loyal to their clients. Although someone who uses counselling skills will utilise the same key
concepts and principles, such as empathy and unconditional positive regard, they are less likely to
belong to, and be bound by, a professional body such as the British Association for Counselling and
Psychotherapy (BACP). When we look at other professions like social workers, housing officers,
the emergency services, the police and priests who utilise counselling skills we realise that some of
the key concepts that are fundamental to the counselling profession are not their main priority. If
such people were to introduce themselves as counsellors their clients may be under the impression
that such things as confidentiality will be upheld. An example is the work of doctors, social workers,
nurses and carers, in these types of professions advise is given to the client as to what to do and
what not to do, medication is administered to the client whereas in the case of counselling especially
with

Counseling Theory : Client Centered
Counseling Theory: Client–Centered My Worldview My beliefs about human life are intricate. We
are complex individuals that are shaped not only by our genes, but also by our environments, our
experiences and interactions with others. Surely, the way that people behave can be due to
psychological disorders that we are not at fault for; however, I also believe that issues involving
anxiety, stress and depression are often perpetuated by our own thinking processes and how we feel
about ourselves in comparison to the beliefs of others. Often times, I feel that having someone to
listen, validate, empathize and care for us is what it takes for change to take place. As social beings,
I believe that through interactions with a person who we care about and a person that cares about us,
improvements can be made. In reflecting on these beliefs, in this paper I will explore how person–
centered therapy has influenced my counseling theory. Experience My current work position as a
Student Program Advisor for USC TRiO's Educational Talent Search program has taught me a lot
about the importance of being "real" with our students. My boss often tells us to be genuine,
because students can sense when we are not and how that affects the impact that we can make in our
students lives. I believe this is so, because there are students that are standoffish and there are others
who come and see me everyday that I am there. They sit and talk to tell me about their lives,
because I truly care. I wonder

The Is The Ethical Foundation Of Any Form Of Professional...
A principle put to paper over 2,000 years ago and credited to Hippocrates; nonmaleficence has
become the ethical foundation of any form of professional treatment in the modern age (Edelstein,
1943). Although boundary crossing has risks I believe the capacity to do harm in this case hinges on
the competence of the counselor. As I read I came to the conclusion intentional self–disclosure is an
art that must be mastered. The well–being of the client is the primary consideration, however, there
are also considerations of timing, the developmental need of the client, and the counselor's ability to
craft a disclosure that leaves no room to open additional doors. Although it may be counterintuitive
disclosing one's orientation to someone who feels alone in their sexuality does have possible
negative consequences. An emotionally vulnerable client who is struggling with being gay may
develop an attraction to a therapist who shares their orientation and is the same sex. If the counselor
is not attuned to this development the client could confuse the counselor's disclosure with their
availability or receptiveness to the attraction. A therapist who discloses but is not aware of an
attraction that is developing, meaning it goes unprocessed, has tremendous potential to do damage
in the context of therapy. Additionally, if the therapist is taken by surprise and rejects the advances
of a vulnerable client without care it could have unintentional detrimental effects on the counselor–
client

The Core Elements of Person-Centered Counseling
Person–centered counseling (PCC) is one of the key models of understanding for the dynamic force
that lies behind the therapist/client relationship. This particular model focuses on the three core
elements of unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding and congruence, all of which
related to the establishment of a level of trust, understanding, respect and honesty between the two
players. But what happens when the domain of "person–centered counseling" gets usurped by a
"computer–centered reality"?
Can there really be person–centered counseling in the day and age of digital manipulation and
engagement? What does it mean when gaming addictions are a leader on the scoreboard of issues of
concern to many young people? And if there can be an equivalent contemporary model, what are the
implications of this for the use of the kinds of therapeutic interventions that are likely to be the best
for dealing with problem computer usage?
This paper provides a brief overview of the three core elements of the PCC model and then seeks to
explore how they are likely impacted by the evolution of the fast–paced realities of computer and
technological immersion. Clients and therapists are already finding themselves engaged together on
many fronts in the dynamic universe of cyberpsychology where the rules about what is real or ideal
and how human perceptions of these transfer to real life are just beginning to be understood.
First, however, it needs to be recognized that this

Person Centered Therapy Case Study
Person–centered therapy provides a pathway to self–actualization through the creation of an
empathetic, trusting relationship between client and counselor. In the case scenario described, a
woman struggles with anger and depression, which negatively impacts her relationship with her
husband. This case study presents an overview of person–centered therapy and an explanation of
how it could be used in the therapeutic environment to help this client successfully cope with her
issues.
Theoretical Analysis
Background
Person–centered therapy originated in the mid–1900s with Carl Rogers, who developed an
alternative to Freudian psychoanalysis that adopted a more supportive approach. Rogers perceived
the role of the therapist to be supportive and encouraging, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
One notable limitation is that many studies which address the efficacy of this therapy possess small
sample sizes, which limits the generalizability of the results. Thus, the empirical effectiveness of
this therapy may not yet be fully established (Bratton, et al., 2009). However, in spite of this
shortcoming, person centered therapy offers the opportunity to investigate the utility of additional
interventions in a therapeutic setting since this therapy provides a flexible framework for the
incorporation of a variety of different strategies (Thompson, Macy, & Fraser, 2011). In addition,
since this therapy emphasizes the acceptance of individual differences, it is well–suited for use with
a diverse group of

Description Of Person Centered Theory
Lien Hua a sixteen year old first generation Chinese American. Hua came to the school social work
counselor complaining of feeling stressed. Hua explained that she is interested in pursuing social
work when she goes away to college, however, her parents would like her to either practice
medicine or law. She reported that just thinking of talking to her parents regarding her career choice
is causing her immense stress. As a result of the stress she reports that her grades have dropped and
she is socializing less. Hua has requested that the school social worker tell her what to say to her
parents to help them understand her choice.
Overview of Person–Centered Theoretical Approach
Person–Centered Theory (PCT) was cultivated by Carl Rogers from the 1940's through the 1950's
(Walsh, 2013). He first developed person–centered therapy, infusing Functional and Humanistic
views, consequently, person–centered theory followed. Rogers' authored four books expounding on
the therapy (Walsh, 2013). Person Centered Theory is a nondirective humanistic client–centered
approach, which regards the client and the social worker as contemporaries (Joseph & Murphy,
2013). The client is the authority on their life and the social worker is there to offer unconditional
positive regard, which fosters growth in sections that are important to the client (Joseph & Murphy,
2013)". The primary theoretical underpinning embraced by the theory is embodied in actualizing
tendency, which Rogers' viewed as

A Long Term Care Home
Background
Lily lived in a long–term care home for almost two years. She and her husband Arthur have been
married for 52 years and have had a very close relationship. They didn't have any children. Lily's
husband would visit her in the care home twice a day. Over the course of a few months Lily's
condition began to deteriorate. She wouldn't accept food and fluids and she died peacefully with her
husband present. Arthur had a memorial service for Lily, but few friends came. Arthur had stopped
visiting his friends when Lily was admitted to the nursing home because he became so busy with his
twice daily visits. Arthur cried for three continuous days after Lily's memorial service and when he
talked about Lily, he would speak as if she was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The primary awareness is of absence. Both the other and the part of oneself that especially related to
that other are experienced as missing." (Sabar, 2000) Common feelings and emotions that arise from
bereavement are deprivation, loneliness, rejection, abandonment and grief.
While bereavement is the state of living with a loss, the primary emotion that follows that is grief.
"Grief is a natural response to loss. It's the emotional suffering you feel when something or someone
you love is taken away." (Melinda, 2014) The more attached you are to the person the more
devastating the loss will be. Greif is most commonly associated with the death of a loved one and
this usually is the most intense form of grief. In Arthur's case it is clear he is grieving the death of
his wife Lily, as he still speaks as if she was alive and is unable to decide what to eat or what do to
with his day. Moreover, how people demonstrate their grief is through the process of mourning.
"Mourning is when you take the grief you have on the inside and express it outside of yourself."
(Alan D. Wolf, n/a) There is no right or wrong way to mourn the loss of a loved one, as everyone
has their own way of mourning and coping with loss. While some people's mourning is more intense
than others this is usually because they have experienced a more significant loss. In the case of
Arthur, he has lost his wife, whom he was married to for 52 years and since they didn't have any
children it was his

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Person Centered Therapy
The strength of person–centered therapy is it is one of the most effective therapies. It is also known
as belief that client is the central figure in therapy. The counselor will put own self into the shoes of
client which understand and perceive the way the client think. However, the counselor will not
become overly enmeshed in the client's feeling and thinking (Gatongi, 2007). This therapy is very
easy and quick for counselor to learn. It is a basis for the training and practical counselor. Besides, it
links both counseling and psychotherapy together, helps to get into client easier. Apart from that,
this therapy can overcome wide range of difficulties which include daily problem and serious
psychological disorder. For example, anxiety disorder, marriage problem, depression and cancer.
The key concepts of this therapy are empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence or
genuineness (Gatongi, 2007). Unconditional positive regard is the acceptance and approval of
counselor to the client without any evaluation and judgment to provide clients safe and comfortable
surroundings. Unconditional positive regard ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Besides, if the counselor is too passive and has old mind–set, the counselor will hard to carry out
and facilitate the therapy. This is because the therapy requires both counselor and client to cooperate
together and attach to each other closely. It deals with only surface issue. Listening, understanding
and caring the client may not be enough to overcome the problem of the client (Gatongi, 2007). It is
hard to prepare the client to face own self and the society due to the unconditional positive regard as
the counselor avoid judging the client during the therapy (Gatongi, 2007). However, in the real
world, the client will need to face pressure and judgment from the society. So, it is said that person–
centered theory is simplistic and

Unconditional Positive Regard In Psychology Essay
Psychology is all about human minds and how people behave. Psychology today are more based on
social, lifespan development and personality. There are several parts of psychology, which
individuals are more likely to involvement such as, unconditional positive, conformity and
personality parenting styles. Unconditional positive regard is in roger's theory that based on the
child's sense of being unconditionally loved and valued even if a child, do not conform to the
standards and expectation of others. For example, when I was babysitting a child, I was able to
disagree of child's specific behavior without completely refusing the child himself. As a babysitter, I
said to a child that I love her, nevertheless I cannot do what she like because it is not good behavior.
The reason that this is an example of unconditional positive regard it is because the objectifying
tendency is fully operational and she makes selections that move her in the way of greater growth
and fulfillment of potential. According from Rogers, he believes that it is through consistent
knowledge of unconditional positive regard that one develop a psychologically healthy and fully
functioning person. Moreover, this was the only way which the child's vital sense of self–worth can
continue intact. Conformity is the tendency to regulate one's behavior, attitudes, or beliefs to group
norms in reply to real or imagined group pressure. For instance, in fall 2016, I was taking a
mathematic course and our professor

Self Reflection
Keeping it Real
Overview
Starting this assignment I was nervous because I wasn't sure what my personal philosophy was. It
took hours of self reflection for be to discover my counseling philosophy is fairly simple. It's
keeping it real. What does keeping it real mean? To me this means being honest with who I am as a
person, translating it into my counseling skills, and most importantly project honesty to my future
client's in an effective manner. While it is important to keep it real with the client, it is important to
do it in an empathetic and professional way. There is such thing as keeping it too real, which can
lead to a bad counseling relationship, possibly ending in a referral to a new counselor.
The Counseling Process The foundation of the counseling process is establishing a good report with
the client and building off of that to have a strong counseling relationship where the individual can
be themselves. Once rapport has been built the client and the counselor can start to work towards
unraveling barriers the client presents and begin to create goals to eliminate those barriers. It is
essential the counselor and client are both honest with each other and themselves in order to see true
progress.
What is your role?
My role as a counselor is not to judge the client or determine whether or not they deserve services,
my job is to be present in the session, show unconditional positive regard and help individuals reach
their goals. As a counselor it is important for

Theory Of Counseling And The Therapy Process
Theories of counseling are basic tools used in the therapy process. An interesting component of
these tools is the person–centered therapy. The person–centered theory was founded by Carl Rogers
on the belief there is good in all human beings. Rogers 's person–centered therapy is among the
most influential and widely employed techniques in modern U.S. clinical psychology (Grant, 2015).
Rogers believed with caring nurturing care the client could work out their issues. Additionally
person–centered theory maintains the idea that the iniquities that the client is experiencing is from
their own surroundings. This therapy considers it necessary for the client to be in a conflicting state
for this type of therapy. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The number one component of this therapy is unconditional positive regard. Essentially this means
that the therapist must accept the client without judgement and unconditionally. In person–centered
counselling, it is crucial that the client is allowed to express and explore the positive or negative
sides of themselves without fear of rejection. The second component is empathic understanding.
Empathetic understanding signifies that the therapist perfectly comprehends the client's feelings and
thoughts from the clients own viewpoint. When the therapist sees what the world is like from the
client's perspective, it bring about feelings of acceptance in the client. And let us not forget the third
component, congruence. This is a very important part of the therapy because it means that the
therapist must be genuine. It is crucial that the therapist be honest and genuine to initiate feelings of
trust in the clients. Many clients can see through a standoffish professional front, so a legitimate
facade in the therapeutic process is highly important. There are certain professionals that appreciate
the benefits of this type of therapy. Person–centered counseling enables the client to feel
comfortable and relaxed around the therapist. Additionally, there is no pressure by the client of
being judged by the therapist, which allows the client to have a less

Person Centered Therapy
PCT Essay 1
Running head: AN ILLUSTRATION OF PERSON–CENTERED THERAPY
What do you consider to be the strengths and weaknesses of the person–centered approach? What
concepts and methods might build effective bonds with clients? Discuss any shortcomings in
staying with this orientation.
Word Count: 2214
*
*
i
¦*
/
PCT Essay 2
Abstract
This essay would attempt to explain the fundamental concepts and therapeutic methodologies that
might build effective bonds with clients.
It would also discuss the strengths and weaknesses within the person–centered approach. The key
concepts include self–actualization, conditions of worth, the fully functioning person, and the
phenomenological perspectives. The therapeutic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Key Concepts & Methodologies
¦¦>' *
Rogers maintained that to create a growth–promoting climate in which therapeutic change * can
occur, and where clients can move forward and become what they are capable of becoming,
/
PCT Essay 5

/
/
some fundamental conditions must be present. The client must be anxious or incongruent and in
contact with the therapist. Therapists must be genuine, whereby their words, nonverbal mannerisms
and feelings are not to be contradicting. In addition, they must also accept the client and show
unconditional care towards them. The therapist must understand the client's thoughts, the ideas,
experiences, and feelings, when communicating back this empathic understanding
(Murdock, 2009).
Firstly, congruence (genuineness or realness) refers to the therapist's openness, genuineness and the
willingness to relate to clients without hiding behind a professional front.
Therapists who conduct sessions with this sincerity in mind have all their feelings available to them
in therapy sessions and may share significant emotional reactions with their clients.
However, congruence does not mean that therapists shift the focus of therapy to themselves in any
way or have a predetermined direction, or impose a professional agenda to their clients during
sessions. [Corey, 2005]
Second, a therapist should show

Person-Centered Therapy
Person–centered therapy (PCT), which is also known as client–centered, non–directive, or Rogerian
therapy, is an approach to counseling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for
the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a non directive role. Two primary goals
of PCT are increased self–esteem and greater openness to experience. Some of the related changes
that this form of therapy seeks to foster in clients include closer agreement between the client's
idealized and actual selves; better self–understanding; lower levels of defensiveness, guilt and
insecurity; more positive and comfortable relationships with others; and an increased capacity to
experience and express feelings at the moment they occur. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
His belief was that a theory should serve as a stimulus to further creative thinking. I believe he has
succeeded in this intention. This theory has very strong heuristic value and continues to generate
debate and interest (Krebs & Blackman, 1988; Ryckmann, 1993). The theory further focuses on the
whole individual as he/she experiences the world. Agency and free will are not undermined in this
model. It gives considerable attention to the concept of self and the suggestion that we can all
overcome damages inflicted in childhood is very appealing. Full functioning is not the exclusive
domain of a very lucky few. It is, at least theoretically, attainable for many. Rogers does not assume
women are inferior to men and his "sexist" language was corrected in his later writings. Another
strength is that Rogerian theory is grounded in the study of persons, leading to its strong applied
value in many areas of life. The main problems with this theory of personality are related to the lack
of precision and specificity regarding some of the terms and concepts. Krebs & Blackman (1988)
also rate the logical consistency as only "fair", maintaining that some connections are not
completely clear. While this theory has become increasingly comprehensive over time, a major
weakness is that it does not sufficiently address stages of development

The Agent Of Self Change
Person–Centered therapy is a nondirective counselling compared to other forms of therapy such as
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. For this therapy to be useful to anyone, client need to be in
touch with his/her internal experience for this therapy to be effective. This form is therapy primarily
believe is that through a accepting relationship between the client and the therapist client will gain
the ability to be able to attain a collective insight into the nature of their problem as a result use the
self–understanding knowledge gained to take constructive action of their problem. Moreover, the
therapy is based on assumptions that People are trustworthy by nature, capability to understand and
resolve their own problems and that people are naturally resourceful to have an understanding of
why their situation turned out the way it did and also that the client is the agent for self–change.
Humanism approach which is an alternative to psychoanalytic and behavioral approaches that
emphasize that trust and respect is crucial in other for a therapeutic relationship to be formed and
everyone that a natural potential which is the concept person centered approached is based on. In
other words, it respect the individuality, subjective experience and uniqueness of an individual and
trust the ability of an individual to make a positive and constructive choice. Person–centered therapy
purposed 3 key concepts: congruence, unconditional positive regard and accurate empathic
understanding.

Unconditional Positive Regard
In a therapist role I know how important unconditional positive regard is. So, if it is possible for
therapists to experience unconditional positive regard towards clients, what would be the best way
to express this to a client? Is it in what you say? Would it be appropriate to say, "I accept you
completely and totally as the person you are"? Or "I value you as a whole person no matter what
you've done." This would be the direct approach but could this lead to problems because expressing
too much positive regard could be overwhelming to clients? Is it in your persona, your body
language, and your expressions to show your openness? Clients may react by wanting to break
down therapy boundaries. If they are hearing such positive, loving statements

Case Study Questions: Kai's Theory Of Person-Centered Therapy
Question 1.
When people enter person–centered therapy, they are in a state of incongruence, meaning there is a
difference between how they see themselves and reality. Having an accurate self–concept (the
thoughts, feelings, and beliefs people have about themselves) is key to person –centered therapy For
example, Kai considers himself helpful to others but often put his own needs before the needs of
others. Kai's story indicates that he has a sense of what he wants in his life which is a stable and
happy life with his family, without worrying about getting things done for others rather than for
himself. His emotional attitude of always wanting to take care of other people's needs which
developed out of past experiences of himself in relation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They should listen and understand how things are from the client's point of view. The therapists is
expected to maintain a genuine human relationship to provide unconditional positive regard for Kai.
This demonstrates the therapist's faith in clients and support of the process. The therapist should
develop an accurate empathic understanding of the client, conveying that understanding to the
person, and working with him to expand and clarify the understanding and its impact on the client's
choices and actions. In order to help the client to reach a state of congruence (a match between self–
concept and reality; for people to see themselves as they actually are).The therapist does not attempt
to change the client's thinking in any way. The therapist merely facilitates self–actualization by
providing a comfortable environment for clients to freely engage in focused, in–depth self–
exploration. The therapist's attitude is more important than the therapist's skills. According to client–
centered therapy, there are three therapist attitudes that determine the level of success of therapy: (1)
genuineness, (2) unconditional positive regard, and (3) empathy. The therapist should create a
climate that is conducive to the client opening up and being themselves and foster an egalitarian

Meet Xavier, a Male Nurse Who Lost His Wife Essay
Xavier is a 32–year–old, African American, widowed male. After the loss of his wife he escaped
into his work as a Certified Nursing Assistant (CAN) in order to avoid the pain of his loss. However,
because of this he also avoided processing the loss of his wife. Approximately six months ago he
was laid off from his job after 11 years as a CNA, and as a result he was no longer able to properly
care for himself or pay his bills, which resulted in the loss of his housing. Subsequent threats of
suicide led to a month long hospitalization, and he was treated for Major Depression. After which
Xavier made arrangements to live with a friend, and upon his release from the hospital it was
recommended that he continued care in an outpatient ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The therapist believes the clients are completely capable of healing themselves; he or she just needs
the proper environment in which to realize this. The therapist focuses on the person rather than the
problem, and with the aid of thorough discussion and a caring, empathetic environment the client
will realize he or she can become self–reliant in creating goals and coping with problems. The
therapist would see Xavier as someone suffering from a discrepancy between his self–concept and
his experience in reality (Corey, 2009). Xavier sees himself as a burden and not a "real man" due to
his change in lifestyle over the last year. He has built up a mask through socialization and he needs
to remove it so that he can focus on what he thinks of himself and become less concerned about
what others think of him. The therapist would see Xavier as completely capable of working through
his problem with the aid of their relationship. Within the structure of the relationship between
Xavier and his therapist, Xavier's self–healing will be activated (Corey, 2009). All Xavier needs is
empathy and acceptance and he will learn to feel those things about his self.
What might help Xavier?
The person–centered therapy approach suggests that it isn't the therapist who is helping the client
per se, but the client who has the ability to find their own solutions. Therefore, the therapeutic
process would not be an attempt to change Xavier;

Unconditoinal Positive Regard Pros And Cons
Blog 2
Unconditional positive regard – a concept developed by the late psychologist Carl Rogers back in
the 1960's. Unconditoinal positive regard is to accept and respect others without judgement and I
would argue a determining factor in the rapport building process; it is a key element of our work as
therapists, both 'in the office' and out in the field of our adventure therapy programs.
As Will recently mentioned in a previous blogpost, 'uncondtional positive regard and genuine
warmth are the best relationship building tools we have.' As research strongly suggests, relationship
factors (alliance) between therapist and client make up to 30% of the key elements for positive
outcomes. Studies also suggest that a huge number of people report

Roles Of Person Centred Counselling
Person–centred counselling deals therapy in which client is the ultimate focus of attention of his or
her own therapy. Person–centred therapy aims at creating a relationship with their clients through
which the clients are able develop their self–awareness. Person– Centred counsellors deal with the
present, i.e. the here and now. In person centred approach, the therapeutic relationship is of immense
importance and is based on mutuality and equality.
"It is the client who knows what hurts, what directions to go, what problems are crucial, what
experiences have been deeply buried.' (Rogers, 2004, p11).
The most important concept of person centred counselling is 'actualizing tendency'. It is based on
the notion that individuals are driven by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is full autonomous and free to steer the wheel in any direction he wishes. The role of the
therapist is to create a psychological environment in which the client is able to believe in himself as
being absolutely fit and sufficient to take charge of his life decisions. The role of therapist in being
non–directive can be summed up by a question identified by Rogers, "Am I really with this person
at this moment"
Mearns and Thorne (1998) investigates the foundations of the person centred and states that
focusing on past experiences is damaging for the present self–concept. This will have a domino
effect as this self–concept will not let individuals reach their full potential and therefore, they will
fail in becoming fully functioning persons. Furthermore, the need for positive self–regard, according
to Rogers, developed in early childhood and directly influenced one's self worth.
'One way of assisting the individual to move toward openness to experience is through a
relationship in which he is prized as a separate person, in which the experiencing going on within
him is empathically understood and valued, and in which he is given the freedom to experience his
own feelings and those of others without being threatened in doing so.' (Rogers, 'The Valuing
Process in the Mature Person',

Group Counseling Approach Paper
I believe that using a client–centered approach is a great start to forming a group and the goals of
the group. Being someone who can understand, empathize, and see the uniqueness of all members'
subjective experiences is invaluable. I believe that creating a safe, therapeutic atmosphere for the
clients, is the most important aspect of being a group counselor. I believe that empathy,
unconditional positive regard, and congruence is essential to the therapeutic condition and to all
group therapy experiences overall. Without these components the group will not trust you and open
up to the group therapist or the other group members. In addition, without actively listening to the
clients you cannot and will not succeed as a group therapist. If you do not have good listening skills
it will be harder for you to understand the client and to connect ideas from the past and bring them
to the present appropriately. Counseling is a process that we must be patient in and we must peel
away the layers to get to the real meaning of a persons story. We must ask ourselves what are the
clients trying to tell us. These meanings have to be brought to the surface and the client must
become aware of these meanings to understand the problem and themselves.
I also believe a counselor should be seen as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, by showing good nonverbal cues, such as good eye contact and smiling during the session,
along with using good listening skills you can continue to show your client that you are invested in
helping them. These things have to be met before the relationship can grow and flourish. Also, I
have learned that it is okay if we do not meet all of these characteristics now as a counselor in
training. No group counselor is perfect, but learning from our class group can help us improve for
the

Three Characteristics Of Person Centered Therapy
This paper will discuss the three characteristics that are essential in creating a safe communitive
environment between therapist and client which will be effective and help the client achieve a state
of well–being in their life. Corey (2013) describes them as (1) congruence (genuineness), or
realness, (2) unconditional positive regard (acceptance and caring), and (3) accurate emphatic
understanding (an ability to deeply grasp the subjective world of another person) (p. 178). The
person–centered therapy approach by Carl Rogers is widely used as a method of helping clients
entering psychotherapy. Person–centered therapy places its focus on the client, emphasizing the
humanistic and human nature perspective of the client
Person–centered therapy requires the therapist to be congruent, meaning that they are not hiding
behind some façade or some artificial image and that they are being genuine all of the time spent in
therapy sessions. Being genuine means sharing; a therapist can share feelings, hopes, expectations,
anger, and other humanistic characteristics which are not so flattering, such as admitting mistakes,
or something silly. This sort of authenticity in a therapist–client relationship is instrumental in
creating a safe environment, where the client can lower their defenses, and allow the therapist to
enter their world.
For example, as a counselor, I would share my feelings using stories or experiences that show I have
identifiable experiences. Another example, I would

Person Centered Therapy : Counseling
Person Centered Therapy: Counseling Ruth
For my home orientation I chose Person centered therapy. I believe that this therapeutic approach
will best fit me and my client. Person centered therapy was created by Carl Rogers in the 1940s.
Carl Rogers did not believe that therapy should be a cold and rigorous process. So he made some
changes and did a lot of research and opened a center for person centered therapist to come and
learn in workshops and do research. In this paper I will explain person centered therapy, I will
counsel Ruth and have a Transcript, and talk about how person centered therapy is a great fit for me.
My Home Orientation
My Home orientation is Person Centered Therapy. I believe that this is the best therapeutic approach
to help my clients. I agree with most of the major assumption, key concepts, conditions, and major
therapeutic procedures.
Person centered Therapy does emphasizes things like the therapy should be a journey shared by the
client and the therapist (power point). The major assumption about person centered therapy are that
everyone can self–fulling. Once a person can see this in them then they will try to make changes and
move forward.
There are three basic concepts for person centered therapy, the person, the therapist, and the
relationship (Article). The person is always changing and evolving. Rogers suggested the fact that
all living things want to improve themselves. People are trying to become better and aim for
something more

How Do Person-Centred Counsellors Use the Therapeutic...
"How do person–centred counsellors use the therapeutic relationship to facilitate change– and in
what way (s) does person–centred therapy differ from other helping relationships?" word count:
2,495
Person centred counselling originated and was evolved on the ideas of American psychologist Carl
Rogers. The influences on Carl Rogers and he's conceptualisation of Person centred counselling are
numerous, from his early family life living on a farm, his interest and involvement in theology and
his formative professional career. One incident which appears to have had a particular impact on
Carl Rogers was when working in his first job as a psychologist, at Rochester New York, for an
organisation for the prevention of cruelty to children, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These correct conditions which are required within person centred therapy in order that the client
can achieve self actualisation and personality change were outlined by Carl Rogers and he believed
that if this 6 conditions were met, it would facilitate change within the client: Two persons are in
psychological contact– both client and counsellor are present physically and psychologically. The
client is in a state of incongruence, (which will be discussed in more detail) the communication of
the counsellor's empathetic understanding and unconditional positive regard is met at a minimal
level. The last condition mentioned involves 3 other conditions, which are essential attitudes and
qualities necessary for the counsellor to posses for successful therapy; empathic understanding,
unconditional positive regard and congruence. (Rogers C, 1957).
Before looking at the latter 3 in more detail, it is important to understand Carl Rogers's view of the
person and perhaps what is ultimately bringing the client to therapy. Carl Rogers believed that there
is incongruence between the self that is the actualisation part, that has a desire to grow, is open to
experiencing in the moment and ultimately psychological well being and the actual experience of
the self. He believed this effect was caused

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