Encyclical Letter of Pope John XXIII

2. Historical Background
It was written on April 11, 1963 by Angelo Guiseppe
Roncalli.
Pope John XXIII was very distressed to see the
enormous ongoing build up of arms during the Cold
War.
Church teaching on war and peace.

3. Contents
In world history marked by:
•Powerful new weapons
•Rivalry
•Fear
Reassure not only the Catholic World, but also all people…
 Peace on earth is possible through the divinely established
order.

4. Contents
• The world has seen continued economic,
scientific, and technological growth.
• These tremendous advances are examples of
“the infinite greatness of God Himself, who
created both man and the universe.”

5. The document is divided into four sections.
I. The encyclical establishes the relationship between
individuals and humankind, encompassing the issues of
human rights and moral teachings.
II. Addresses the relationship between man and state,
dwelling on the collective authority of the latter.

6. III. Establishes the need for equality amongst nations and
the need for the state to be subject to rights and duties
that the individual must abide by.
IV. Presents the need for greater relations between
nations, thus resulting in collective states assisting
other states. The encyclical ends with the urging of
Catholics to assist non-Catholics in political and social
aspects.

7. I. ORDER BETWEEN MEN
• Rights
• Rights Pertaining to Moral and Cultural Values
• The Right to Worship God According to One's Conscience
• The Right to Choose Freely One's State in Life
• Economic Rights
• The Right of Meeting and Association
• The Right to Emigrate and Immigrate
• Political Rights

8. • Duties
• Reciprocity of Rights and Duties Between Persons
• Mutual Collaboration
• An Attitude of Responsibility
• Social Life in Truth, Justice, Charity and Freedom
• God and the Moral Order
• Characteristics of the Present Day
• Equality of Men

9. II. RELATIONS BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS AND THE PUBLIC
AUTHORITIES
• An Appeal to Conscience
• Attainment of the Common Good is the Purpose of
the Public Authority
• Essentials of the Common Good
• The Spiritual, Too
• Responsibilities of the Public Authority, and Rights
and Duties of Individuals

10. • Reconciliation and Protection of Rights and Duties of
Individuals
• Duty of Promoting the Rights of Individuals
• Harmonious Relations Between Public Authority's
Two Forms of Intervention
• Structure and Operation of the Public Authority
• Law and Conscience
• Citizens' Participation in Public Life
• Characteristics of the Present Day

11. III. RELATIONS BETWEEN STATES
• An lmperative of the Common Good
• In Truth
• The Question of Propaganda
• In Justice
• The Treatment of Minorities
• A Cautionary Note

12. • Active Solidarity
• Contacts Between Races
• The Proper Balance Between Population, Land
and Capital
• The Problem of Political Refugees
• The Refugee's Rights

13. • Commendable Efforts
• Causes of the Arms Race
• Need for Disarmament
• Three Motives
• A Call to Unsparing Effort
• In Liberty
• The Evolution of Economically Under-developed
Countries
• Signs of the Times

14. IV. RELATIONSHIP OF MEN AND OF POLITICAL COMMUNITIES
WITH THE WORLD COMMUNITY
• Inadequacy of Modern States to Ensure Universal Common
Good
• Connection Between the Common Good and Political
Authority
• Public Authority Instituted by Common Consent and Not
Imposed by Force
• The Universal Common Good and Personal Rights
• The Principle of Subsidiarity

15. • Modern Developments
V. PASTORAL EXHORTATIONS
• Scientific Competence, Technical Capacity and
Professional Experience
• Integration of Faith and Action
• Integral Education
• Constant Endeavor

16. • Relations Between Catholics and Non-
Catholics in Social and Economic Affairs
• Error and the Errant
• Philosophies and Historical Movements
• Little by Little
• An Immense Task
• The Prince of Peace