This document provides information about aphakia and different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs). It defines aphakia as the absence of the crystalline lens of the eye. The causes of aphakia discussed include congenital absence, surgical removal, trauma, and absorption of lens matter. The effects of aphakia on vision and eye optics are explained. Treatment options for aphakia include spectacles, contact lenses, and IOL implantation. Different types of IOLs are described such as anterior chamber IOLs, iris-supported IOLs, and posterior chamber IOLs.

1. Ravi Parkash ( B.Optom )
Organized Secretary of VCOO
Vision Congress of Optometry

2. Aphakia is a condition in which crystalline lens of the eye is not present in
its normal position of pupillary area.
APHAKIA DEFINITION

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4. Congenital absence of lens
Surgical aphakia
Aphakia due to absorption of lens matter
Traumatic extrusion of lens
Posterior dislocation of lens
APHAKIA CAUSES

5. Congenital primary aphakia (CPA) is a rare eye condition
that is present at birth in which the lens is missing. In
some cases, CPA can be associated with other eye
abnormalities including microphthalmia , anterior
segment aplasia, and/or sclerocornea.
WHAT IS CONGENITAL APHAKIA?

6. Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in
cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly.
SURGICAL APHAKIA

7. We describe a absorption with displacement of the empty capsular bag into the
anterior chamber and hypothesize a logical mechanism for the dislocation of the
capsular bag into the anterior chamber.
APHAKIA DUE TO ABSORPTION OF
LENS MATTER

8. Traumatic Expulsion of posterior chamber intraocular lens implants are
presented. The syndrome is characterized by expulsion of the lens, iris damage,
and intraocular hemorrhage.
TRAUMATIC EXTRUSION OF LENS

9. A dislocated lens also can be the result of trauma, such as being hit in the eye
with a ball or fist. If all of the ligaments have broken so that the lens is loose
within the eye, the lens is considered completely detached.
POSTERIOR DISLOCATION OF LENS

10. CHANGES IN CARDINAL DATA
OF EYE
1.Eye becomes highly hypermetropic
2.Total power of eye +44 D
3.Anterior focal point becomes 23.2 mm in front of cornea
4.The posterior focal point is about 31mm behind the cornea
OPTICS OF APHAKIA

12. 1.Total loss of accommodation.
2.Glasses for near and distance are required.
ACCOMODATION IN APHAKIA

13. Defective vision for Near and Far
Signs
1.Scar
2.Anterior Chamber Deeper
3.Pupile jet Black
4.Fundus exam Hypermetropic small disc
5.Retinoscopy high Hypermetropic
CLINICAL FEATURES

14. TREATMENT
convex lens.
MODALITIES FOR CORRECTING APHAKIA
1.Spectacles
2.Contact lens
3.IOL

16. DISADVANTAGES
Image size depends on axial length and keratometry reading
1D of convex power leads to about 3 % magnification of image, thus 10 D =
30%
Difference of image size between the two eyes of about 7 % is tolerable
Beside that give rise to diplopia i.e., two images of one object are seen one
small (from normal eye) and other larger (from aphakic eye)

17. 1.Less magnification of image
2. No chromatic aberrations
3.Wider field of vision
4. Cosmetically acceptable
CONTACT LENS ADVANTAGES

18. PSEUDOPHAKIA

19. PHAKIA – The condition of presence of crystalline lens
PSEUDOPHAKIA – Presence of artificial lens; here the word ‘pseudo’ means false.

22. 1.Anterior chamber IOLs
2. Iris-supported lens
3. Posterior chamber lens
TYPES OF IOLS

23. ANTERIOR CHAMBER
IOLS

24. IRIS-SUPPORTED
LENS

25. POSTERIOR CHAMBER
LENS

28. Monofocal IOLs. These lenses provide good distance vision
and most patients are not dependent on their distance glasses
for daily activities. ...
Toric IOLs. ...
Multifocal IOLs and Accommodative IOLs
TYPES OF INTRAOCULAR
LENSES (IOLS)

29. Monofocal IOLs. These lenses provide good distance
vision and most patients are not dependent on their
distance glasses for daily activities. ...
MONOFOCAL IOLS

30. Toric IOLs are premium intraocular lenses that
correct astigmatism as well as nearsightedness or farsightedness.
Like toric soft contact lenses, toric IOLs can
correct astigmatism because they have different powers in
different meridians of the lens.
TORIC IOLS

31. Multifocal IOL Far and Near Vision Clear No
Need Glass
MULTIFOCAL IOLS

33. Destination Capsular bag, iris fixation, angle supported
Overall design 3 piece/1 piece
Optics material Rigid (PMMA), foldable (hydrophobic,hydrophilic)
Polymethylmethacrylate
Optics shape Biconvex, plano-convex
Optics diameter 5–7 mm
Optics design Spherical, aspheric, toric multifocal, multifocal toric
Optics color Transparent, tinted
Haptics properties 3 piece/1 piece
Type of packaging Pre-loaded, not pre-loaded
CLASSIFICATION OF IOLS