Transcription Process in Protein Synthesis

1. Transcription By: Tucker Jenary

2. Transcription is the first step in protein synthesis. It all happens in the nucleus. First, the DNA strand is split by RNA polymerase. While RNA polymerase splits the DNA, the mRNA strand is formed. Then, the correct nucleotide is matched on the mRNA strand to the DNA strand. This continues until it reaches the stop codon. Then, the mRNA strand is complete. The final step is when the mRNA strand goes through the nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm. This is where the process of translation begins.

3. Nucleus

8. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine DNA Strand

10. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine erase DNA Strand

11. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine A lymerase DNA Strand

12. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine RNA Polymerase DNA Strand

41. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine RNA Polymeras DNA Strand

42. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine RNA Polyme DNA Strand

45. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine DNA Strand Promoter Coding Region Termination Sequence

46. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine DNA Strand (split by RNA polymerase)

47. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil DNA Strand (split by RNA polymerase) mRNA Strand

68. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil DNA Strand (split by RNA polymerase) Start Codon mRNA Strand

96. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil DNA Strand (split by RNA polymerase) mRNA Strand Start Codon Stop Codon

97. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand rt Codon Stop Codon Nuclear Pore

98. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Nuclear Pore

101. (Inside the Nucleus) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil Nuclear Pore

104. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand mRNA strand leaves nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

105. Translation

106. Translation is the process that is used to form proteins. The mRNA strand enters the cytoplasm from the nucleus. Then, the ribosome attaches to the mRNA strand and starts to read the mRNA strand. The tRNA then comes in with the amino acids and matches the mRNA strand with the complementary base. Then, this continues down the mRNA strand until it reaches the stop codon. The tRNA falls off as the ribosome goes down the strand and it leaves its amino acids. The next tRNA’s amino acid attaches to the other amino acid by a peptide bond. Once the ribosome gets to the stop codon, it stops and the last tRNA falls off leaving all of the amino acids. The amino acids from into a 3-D structure which forms the complete protein.

107. Cytoplasm Adenine Ribosome Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand

108. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Ribosome Codon Codon Codon Codon Codon Codon Codon Stop Start Codon Codon Codon Ribosome in cytoplasm attaches to mRNA strand to start reading each codon. It knows to start there because of the start codon.

109. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Ribosome tRNA then comes to match the codon with the correct nucleotide

110. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Ribosome Peptide Bond joins the amino acids

111. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Ribosome As the ribosome continues reading down the mRNA strand, the tRNA falls off leaving the amino acid.

112. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Uracil mRNA Strand Ribosome

120. Cytoplasm Adenine Thymine Guanine The last tRNA falls leaving its Ribosome Cytosine amino acid behind. Also, the Uracil ribosome falls off of the mRNA strand. mRNA Strand

121. Cytoplasm The amino acid chain folds up into a 3-D structure that is dictated by the order of the amino acids. Then, the protein is formed. Completed Protein

Transcription Process in Protein Synthesis

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