HOSPITALMBA-9617Angela Diaz Automation of Hospital Emergency Department Angela Diaz Barry University MBA-617 Industry Focus An emergency department is a medical treatment institution or facility that focuses on the emergence of medicine acute care whereby the patient comes to the hospital by them or through the use of the ambulance. The emergency department is located in the hospital at times in the primary care center. Which is usually is operated 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The hospital emergency department had been facing a lot of challenges due to the sharp rise in the number of patients with emergencies. In most cases, many of the condition are life-threatening and as such, require immediate hospital intervention or attendance. Overcrowding and critical shortages in the Emergency Department (ED) limits access to timely emergency care in the hospital. Another common issue that arises with overcrowding is long patient wait times (Manyika, 2017). The emergency department in the country has about 80 to 85% walk in and the similar number of the patients that are sent home after treatment with medical prescriptions, the remaining 15% are usually admitted to the hospital-based on the type of ailment that they are diagnosed with (Gutherz & Baron, 2001). There is always the unintended nature of patient appearance; therefore, the hospital must deliver the primary treatment for a wide range of diseases or injuries (Manyika, 2017). That can be missed due to lack of efficiency and quality care provided by overwhelmed staff. Such challenges can only be solved by technical factors or automation. The automation process gives the physician ample time to concentrate on the quality outcome instead of receiving distractions from a disorganized emergency department system. Therefore, automation is a solution because it increases the level of productivity because machines assume roles such as registrations, dispensing of the prescription, and checkout. Debates in differences for solutions in implementing technology to enhance efficiency within the emergency department have been discussed between organizations such as the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine as well as the American College of Emergency Physician have held several annual conferences to meet the technical solution for the ED challenge. In many ED in the country, many hospitals are overcrowded, and the leading cause is based on the hospital itself. It has been found, that safety and liability are one of the primary challenges in the emergency department sector (Manyika, 2017). It was found within the United States of America that $3.6 billion was lost due the lack of efficiency within emergency department due to multiple lawsuits. In such like state, intelligent companies might find themselves in the receiving end. Problems Faced by the Industry Therefore, there is critical need for increase and quality care provided to patients that can be resolved through the means of tec ...

1. HOSPITALMBA-9617Angela Diaz
Automation of Hospital Emergency Department
Angela Diaz
Barry University
MBA-617
Industry Focus
An emergency department is a medical treatment institution or
facility that focuses on the emergence of medicine acute care
whereby the patient comes to the hospital by them or through
the use of the ambulance. The emergency department is located
in the hospital at times in the primary care center. Which is
usually is operated 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The
hospital emergency department had been facing a lot of
challenges due to the sharp rise in the number of patients with
emergencies. In most cases, many of the condition are life-
threatening and as such, require immediate hospital intervention
or attendance. Overcrowding and critical shortages in the
Emergency Department (ED) limits access to timely emergency
care in the hospital. Another common issue that arises with
overcrowding is long patient wait times (Manyika, 2017). The
emergency department in the country has about 80 to 85% walk
in and the similar number of the patients that are sent home
after treatment with medical prescriptions, the remaining 15%
are usually admitted to the hospital-based on the type of ailment

2. that they are diagnosed with (Gutherz & Baron, 2001). There is
always the unintended nature of patient appearance; therefore,
the hospital must deliver the primary treatment for a wide range
of diseases or injuries (Manyika, 2017). That can be missed due
to lack of efficiency and quality care provided by overwhelmed
staff. Such challenges can only be solved by technical factors or
automation. The automation process gives the physician ample
time to concentrate on the quality outcome instead of receiving
distractions from a disorganized emergency department system.
Therefore, automation is a solution because it increases the
level of productivity because machines assume roles such as
registrations, dispensing of the prescription, and checkout.
Debates in differences for solutions in implementing technology
to enhance efficiency within the emergency department have
been discussed between organizations such as the Society for
Academic Emergency Medicine as well as the American College
of Emergency Physician have held several annual conferences to
meet the technical solution for the ED challenge. In many ED
in the country, many hospitals are overcrowded, and the leading
cause is based on the hospital itself. It has been found, that
safety and liability are one of the primary challenges in the
emergency department sector (Manyika, 2017). It was found
within the United States of America that $3.6 billion was lost
due the lack of efficiency within emergency department due to
multiple lawsuits. In such like state, intelligent companies
might find themselves in the receiving end.
Problems Faced by the Industry
Therefore, there is critical need for increase and quality care
provided to patients that can be resolved through the means of
technology. Approximately, 40,500 patients die in each year in
the United States due to misdiagnoses. It was found that system-
related factors are the common cause; 65% of it was studied
diagnostic error, such as poor process, teamwork, and
communication, and about 75% cognitive factors with premature
closure (Khosla, 2012). Hence, if proper technology was

3. implanted then staff would be alleviated to provide quality care
to their patients who could potentially decrease malpractice
lawsuits (Manyika, 2017).
Automated
Solution
s
Automation of some activities in the ED can increase patient
experience and improve the quality of the care. The automated
triage system works at enhancing the quality level of service
and the reduction of the current costs based on the
misappropriation of resources (Chong & Gan, 2016). Activities
such as collecting patient information and checking the vital
signs and requesting for lab reports should be automated. Other
tasks that should be partially automated include lab registration,
payment process, and performing tests. Doctors perform a lot of
duty in the emergency room as such some aspect of their task
should be automated as well. Disease diagnosis, as well as a
collection of data in the doctor's office, should undergo
automation (Salomons, 2018). Complete automation can be
hard to come by because of patient acceptance, and because of
the lack of technical knowledge of how to integrate data from
different sources to analyze diagnosis and treatment.
Automation advice to the patient should be prioritized before
the onset of the procedure. All in all, 30% of benefits related to

4. automation will be experienced in the performance gains, and
the remaining 70% will be equated to the labor substitution.
The rate of productivity will rise while the number of full-time
equivalents will reduce by the half through limited registration
desks as well as lab testing.
One of the contributing problem were problem can help is in ….
Just pick 3 problems to overcrowding admission process,
diagnostic testing, Blood Test. This is how technology in this 3
areas..
——-Admission Process
Once the patient has entered the hospital the first step it to
check-in the hospital. Current admission process often has to
—-Diagnostic testing
Bla bla ........
—-Another technological with solution and rsearsh
—-Implementation: implicit and explicit cost
Bla bla wrote here with read each
Everything you can see if you use it in the bolder point
((((((5((((Wearable health devices are an example of an

5. automated machine that helps in monitoring of vital signs. The
device is increasingly assisting individuals in managing or
monitoring health status quote . The technology revolution in
the miniaturization of the electronic equipment is encouraging
the design of a more reliable and adaptable wearable, which will
give a lot of contribution to the health monitoring approach.
The good thing about the device is that it allows a patient to use
it to measure vital signs during their daily life such as at work,
home, and even when they are undergoing their sports activities.
In other words, the devices aim to empower the patient and take
control of their health (Claesson et al. 2017). The application of
wearable health devices enables the ambulatory acquisition of
the vital signs and monitoring of the health status over a certain
period as well as outside the hospital or clinical environment.
The devices also support medical diagnosis as well as better
recovery of the patient. In the process of designing the
equipment, four requirements are given priority. They include
security, low power consumption, and comfort and ergonomics.
Blood Test
More so, the system should make use of sight diagnostics that
work by use of computer vision and machine learning
technology to rapidly conduct blood tests (Salomons, 2018).
Through the use of desktop product by the name of OLO, it will
analyze the single-use cartridges that are manually loaded with
the blood drop test through a finger prick. The device aims to

6. perform prevalent medical blood diagnostic tests from the office
rather than the blood sent away to the lab for further analysis
that will take a few days to obtain the results back. It first
“digitizes” blood into colored microscope images, and then runs
sophisticated computer vision algorithms (trained on half a
petabyte of anonymized data from four years of clinical studies)
that identify and count cell types in a sample (Wiggers, 2018).
Sight Diagnostics
The compiling of the report should be more computerized,
including the billing process. The use of the internet to report
the result is also cost-efficient, and it eliminates many manual
processes in between. The electronic system also controls
specimen transportation, storage as well as disposal. The billing
and collection process may be automated in the future; however,
it is currently done manually. Other steps that take place
manually include interpretation of the results by the physicians.
In case the physician is not able to interpret the results, they
normal consult the other colleague (Melton et al. 2016). At this
point, there is always time wastage. An electronic charting
system is a highly customized template-based system that stores
the patient’s chart and accessible anywhere in the hospital, has
significantly improved the physician and staff efficiency and
productivity. Benefits included a cost savings of nearly
$300,000 per year, a legible note, and real-time access to the

7. note by users outside the department through an upload from
our network to the hospital mainframe system (Guarisco, 2001).
Therefore, automation of this particular area will result in the
faster compilation of reports. Another area that might lead to
increased overcrowding or delay in emergency care includes
hospitalization, counseling the patient, changing the medication,
and initiating a new course of treatment. Automation of some of
these activities will limit time constraints. Additionally, there
are autonomous tugs can be used to lift beds and bring
medicines as well as other tools to the destination of the care
this will help reduce time wasted by the nurses in doing simple
task and help reduce the congested waiting room in the hospital.
Automation has also yielded a one-time capital expense
reduction ($1.2 million) and continuing operational savings
($39,000 per year) by reducing ED bed requirements (Guarisco,
2001). Nurses and doctors might take a lot of time to
recommend the treatment and diagnosis due to the detailed
interpretation of the medical report. Drugs are to be dispensed
by ROBOT-Rx the automated pharmacy, once medications are
ordered by the doctor via the patient’s electronic chart, using a
robot that relies on bar-code technology will accurately identify
and the patient’s prescription and deliver it to the patients in the
hospital. This drug distribution system will automate the
storage, dispensing, return, restocking and crediting of unit-
dose, bar-coded inpatient medications. The system can stock

8. 40,000 doses of 771 types of medications, the ROBOT-Rx
dispenses about 6,000 to 7,000 doses each day (University of
Rochester). Algorithms recommendation of diagnosis and
treatment might be implemented.)))))))))()))))))))
Conclusion
Healthcare will be more about date-driven deduction and less
about trail-and-error. The use of all diagnoses and guidance on
the complicated and more acuity situations leads to improved
outcomes in the sector of ED. Automation helps explicitly in the
area of labor substitutions. Sometimes human labor might not be
enough or not as fast as the machines. In the end, the
emergence care department will limit patient waiting times,
receive better outcomes, and increase productivity.
Bibliography

9. Chong, H., & Gan, K. (2016, November 16). Development of
automated triage system for emergency medical service.
Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7888125
Claesson, A., Bäckman, A., Ringh, M., Svensson, L., Nordberg,
P., Djärv, T., & Hollenberg, J. (2017). Time to delivery of an
automated external defibrillator using a drone for simulated out-
of-hospital cardiac arrests vs. emergency medical services.
Jama, 317(22), 2332-2334.
Guarisco, J S. “Using Computer Technology in the Automation
of Clinical and Operating Systems in Emergency
Medicine.” The Ochsner Journal, Ochsner Clinic, L.L.C. and
Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, 3 Apr. 2001,
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3116769/.
Gutherz, C., and Baron, S. (2001). “Why patients with primary
care physicians use the emergency department for non-
emergency care,” Einstein Journal of Biology and Medicine,
volume 18, number 4
Khosla, V. (2012, December 04). Technology will replace 80%
of what doctors do. Retrieved from
https://fortune.com/2012/12/04/technology-will-replace-80-of-
what-doctors-do/
Manyika, J. (2017). A future that works: AI automation,
employment, and productivity. McKinsey Global Institute
Research, Tech. Rep.
Melton III, J. D., Blind, F., Hall, A. B., Leckie, M., & Novotny,

10. A. (2016). Impact of a hospital-wide quality improvement
initiative on emergency department throughput and crowding
measures. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient
Safety, 42(12), 533-542.
Robotics - Safety - Pharmacy - University of Rochester Medical
Center, University of Rochester,
www.urmc.rochester.edu/pharmacy/about/safety/robotics.aspx.
Salomons, A. (2018). Is automation labor-displacing?
Productivity growth, employment, and the labor share (No.
w24871). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Wiggers, Kyle. “Sight Diagnostics Uses Computer Vision to
Analyze Blood Samples.” VentureBeat, VentureBeat, 27 Sept.
2018, venturebeat.com/2018/09/27/sight-diagnostics-uses-
computer-vision-to-analyze-blood-samples/.
Page of
8/12/2019 Module 7: Project-- Research Paper Step 3, Final
Submission (due Aug 17)

11. https://barry.instructure.com/courses/1587588/assignments/6712
474 2/4
Criteria Ratings Pts
9.0 pts
9.0 pts
Industry Description
The industry description begins the paper with modifications, if
desired, since Research Paper Step 2, Problem Statement
submission. The description of the industry, no more than a
paragraph, is coherent. Coherence means logical, clear,
consistent, and focused. The reader doesn't have to read twice to
understand.
9.0 pts
Full
Marks
0.0 pts
No

12. Marks
Industry Problems/Challenges
Industry problems/challenges follows the industry description,
with modifications, if desired, since Research Paper Step 2,
Problem Statement submission. In no more than a paragraph
(less than a page), the student demonstrates and
understanding of one or more issues that are or recently were
problems for the industry that can conceivably or have
recently been solved by using automated systems. This is
expressed coherently. Coherence means logical, clear,
consistent, and focused. The reader should not have to read
twice to understand.
9.0 pts
Full
Marks
0.0 pts
No
Marks

13. 8/12/2019 Module 7: Project-- Research Paper Step 3, Final
Submission (due Aug 17)
https://barry.instructure.com/courses/1587588/assignments/6712
474 3/4
Criteria Ratings Pts
35.0 pts
13.0 pts
13.0 pts