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BYZANTINE AND ISLAMIC
ROMANESQUE AND GOTHIC
MEDIEVAL WORLD
THE MEDIEVAL WORLD
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Hagia Sofia, Istanbul, c. 532-7
San Marco, Venice – 1071 (original 832) Byzantine with Classical elements
Interior with mosaics, San Marco, Venice
San Vitale, Ravenna, c. 546
San Vitale, Ravenna, c. 546
(capital of W. Europe
in late Roman era)
Mosaics, San Vitale
Islam and the Near East
Red Monastery, Egypt, 5th C., Coptic
Minaret,
Great Mosque, Samarra,
9th Century
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem
Topkapi Palace, Istanbul, 15-17C Ottoman Sultans’ residence
The Blue Mosque, Istanbul
Alhambra Palace Complex, ca. 1333-1492, Granada, Spain
Court of the Lions,
Alhambra, Spain – 11-13C
for Muslim Emirs
Court of the Lions, Alhambra Palace Complex
Taj Mahal, India, Mughal Architecture, Influenced by Persia & Turkey
Islamic Ornament, Diaper Patterns
(including Interlace and Arabesque)
Islamic Designs
Romanesque
Chapel of Charlemagne,
Aachen, Germany
San Miniato al Monte,
Florence, Italy
Basilica and Tower of Pisa, Italy
Durham Cathedral, England
Interior, Durham
Cathedral, England,
Romanesque
Church of St. Etienne, Caen, France
Romanesque vs Gothic
Gothic
Abbey of St. Denis - earliest
French Gothic
* Pointed arches
* Ribbed vaults
* Flying buttresses
Apse and Ambulatory, St. Denis
Notre Dame de Paris
Chartres Cathedral, France, ca. 1200
Rose Window, Chartres
.
Ste. Chapelle, Paris, France
Cologne Cathedral, Germany, begun 1248, completed 1880
Winchester Cathedral, England, Gothic portion begun mid 14th c.
Lincoln Cathedral, England
King’s College Chapel, by William Turner
Fan Vaulting, Kings Chapel, Cambridge, 15th c.
Chapel of Henry VII, Westminster Abbey,
London, begun 1503
Secular Architecture
Secular Medieval Architecture – walled city
French Turrets
English Crenellation
Stokesay Castle, England, late 13th c.
Great Hall, Timbered
Ceiling, Stokesay Castle
The Solar
Haddon Hall, England – begun 12th C
Great Hall
Haddon Hall, England
Penshurst Place, 13 – 14th C
crenellation
Great Hall,
Penshurst Place,
England
English Half-timbered Houses
Sienna, Italy
Piazza Publico, Sienna, Italy
Doges Palace, Venice, Italy
Venetian Gothic, c. 1430
‘Ca D’Oro ‘Ca Foscari
Furniture
Thrones
Stools
Hutch Type Chest
Tilting Chest, 15th c., France
Cupboard or Dressoir and
Credence
Armoir and Press
Trestle Tables
Gothic Beds with Canopies, Testers
and Box beds
Merode Alter Piece, Netherlands, c 1430
Gothic Ornament

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Hs i middle ages white bg

Editor's Notes

  1. Probably 5th c. AD. the Red Monastery is actually much more significant for art history today. It may include the only standing ensemble of architecture, sculpture, and paint (areas fully covered with paint) left from the late antique period in the entire Mediterranean. Some of the paint is certainly post-fifth century, but a lot of it may well be early."
  2. 848-851, interior detroyed in 1278, by the invation of the Hulagu Kahn. Was at one time the largest Mosque in the world
  3. Blue Mosque, 1609-16, lined with more than 20,000 handmade tiles from Iznik, in more than 50 different tulip designs. 200 stained glass windows
  4. Alhambra, Granada Spain, Andalusia. Originally constructed as a fortress in 889, it was converted into a palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada. Muslim Emirs of Spain. Portico and Pool of the 14th c. portionUse of arabesque which derive from Arabic scrip. the decorations within the palaces typified the remains of Moorish dominion within Spain and ushered in the last great period of Andalusian art in Granada. With little of the Byzantine influence of contemporary Abassid architecture,[3] artists endlessly reproduced the same forms and trends, creating a new style that developed over the course of the Nasrid Dynasty. The Nasrids used freely all the stylistic elements that had been created and developed during eight centuries of Muslim rule in the Peninsula, including the Calliphal horseshoe arch, the Almohadsebka (a grid of rhombuses), the Almoravid palm, and unique combinations of them, as well as innovations such as stilted arches and muqarnas (stalactite ceiling decorations) MOCARABE. The isolation from the rest of Islam plus the commercial and political relationship with the Christian kingdoms also influenced building styles.
  5. Turner, Kings College Chapel, Cambridge. Perpendicular Gothic English architecture, 1446-1515. it features the worlds largest fan vaults, constructed in 1512-15 by John Wastel
  6. Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Peaceful City, detail from Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Saladella Pace, Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy, 1338-1339. Fresco.
  7. Doges Palace, Venice, Italy, c. 1340-1442
  8. Gothic Settle Nuremburg MuseumObject Type Box chairs or 'joynedcheyres', as they were called, furnished the houses of rich merchants as well as nobles. Their seats were supported by panelling rather than legs.Time The carving of this chair includes a classically influenced scroll in the back rest. This makes it an interesting example of the early use of Classical ornament applied to English furniture. Terms like 'Romayne' or 'Anticke' appear in inventories and building accounts during the 1520s.Linenfold carving had appeared in The Netherlands by about 1450 and in England by about 1500.Materials & Making The seat and the panels immediately below the arms are probably later additions. The joinery is probably early, in that the joints are vertical or horizontal, as opposed to mitred (cut on the diagonal). The pegs that hold the pieces together are thought to be original.Place The scroll carving is similar to woodwork on the screen in the chapel at King's College, Cambridge, of about 1530 to 1535. The chair itself came from a private house, just outside Cambridge.
  9. Hutch type Chest from about the start of the 15th century, westphalen, osnabruck
  10. Tilting Chest, 15th c. Cluny Museum
  11. Gothic Press From Tyrol, about 1500, Nuremburg Museum and Gothic Cupboard (Armoire?) with Linenfold Panels, Nuremburg Museum
  12. Gothic Beds, Half tester, Munich museum, Bedstead, Nuremburg museum