1. A
Seminar on
“ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AS CUTTING TOOL”
Submitted to:- Submitted by:-
Mr. Gaurav Acharya Piyush Gupta
Asst. Professor (Mech) Roll No:- 33
Sgvu, Jaipur B.tech Mechanical
8th sem
SGVU111045563
2. Content
Electromagnetic Field
Electromagnetic Pulse
Pulse Generator
As cutting tool
Cutting of Hollow Profiles Using Electromagnetic Fields
Principle Cutting of Hollow Profiles
Kinds of Magnetic Field for cutting
Principle of IMC for Cutting
Cutting Process
Application
Advantage and Disadvantage of Magnetic impulse cutting
3. Electromagnetic Field
An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM
field) is a physical field produced by
electrically charged object.
The field can be viewed as the combination
of an electric field and a magnetic field.
The electric field is produced by stationary
charges, and the magnetic field by moving
charges (currents).
The electromagnetic field extends
indefinitely throughout space and describes
the electromagnetic interaction.
4. Electromagnetic Pulse
The new method is based on electromagnetic pulse technology (EMPT), which was
previously used primarily to expand or neck aluminum tubes. We’ve modified it to cut
even hard steels.
Whereas a laser takes around 1.4 seconds to cut a hole, EMPT can do the job in
approximately 200 milliseconds.
So this method is up to seven times faster and it produces no burr, thus doing away
with the need for a finishing process.
5. Pulse Generator
It comprise a coil, a capacitor battery, a charging device and high-
current switches. When the switch closes, the capacitors discharge via
the coil within a matter of microseconds, producing a high pulsed
current.
The coil converts the energy stored in the capacitors into magnetic
energy. To be able to use this process to cut steel, the researchers simply
had to modify the coil to ensure the resulting electromagnetic field is
strong enough the pressure with which the field hits the steel must be so
high that it forcibly expels the material from the sheet.
The impact pressure on the steel is approximately 3,500 bar, which
equates to the weight of three small cars on a single fingernail.
6.
7. As cutting tool
For considering the bodywork on motor vehicles must be sufficiently stable, but
processing the high-strength steels involved – for example punching holes in them –
can prove something of a challenge. A new steel-cutting process will save time,
energy and money in the future.
By this method Struggling to pierce the hard steel, mechanical cutting tools rapidly
wear out. And because they also leave some unwanted material on the underside of
the steel (burr, as the experts call it), additional time has to be spent on a finishing
process and more better than laser as cutter to save time and energy.
8.
9. Cutting of Hollow Profiles Using
Electromagnetic Fields
Blanking is one of the most used manufacturing methods. Almost every workpiece
made of steel metal needs at least one cutting operation .
Hollow profiles are difficult to cut by means of blanking, especially if there is a
complex cutting geometry. Laser cutting method normally applied for such parts but
as we know that in practical cutting of parts, which were made hydro-forming.
Magnetic impulse cutting (MIC) has compared to lasers are more complex.
10. Principle Cutting of Hollow Profiles
Cutting using pulse magnetic field, pulse
discharge from pulse generator into a coil,
which generates an electromagnetic field. This
primary current Is sinusoidal damped and the
first half-wave appears in about 50µs
depending on the pulse generator and the
coil. It include the secondary current into the
workpiece, which opposed to the primary
current of the coil. The electromagnetic fields
of these two current repel each others, which
provide the require force to from the
workpiece.
11. Kinds of Magnetic Field for cutting
There are three different kinds of magnetic fields :-
1. Tube expansion has to be mentioned:- coil is cylindrical and placed inside the
workpiece to expand.
2. Tube construction with the cylindrical coil and situated around the workpiece to
reduce the diameter.
3. Used for sheet metal forming in which planer and spiral coil is applied.
13. Cutting Process
The tube formed using an expansion coil. The
formed area of the part was placed between the
cutting ring and the supporting ring. In this case
the cutting energy was adjusted too low for
cutting the material in order to show the forming
process. The whole cutting process takes about
0.1 ms depending on the pulse generator, the
material and coil. The main fact which limits the
number of cuts per minute , is the charging time of
the capacitors which averages some seconds,
depending upon capacitors and the needed
energy.
14. Application
It is an alternate concept for earning diverse advantages
Hollow cutting of material
For reducing cutting times and energy demands
To punching on high strength steel metals
15. Advantage and Disadvantage of
Magnetic impulse cutting
Advantage:-
1. There is no heat insertion during the cutting process into the material and thus no
change of material structure occur .
2. Tool with low complexity are used.
3. Only one side of the material has some contact to a hard tool.
4. No additives as oil or gas are needed for the process.
Disadvantage:-
1. The pressure with which the field hits the steel must be so high that it forcibly expels
the material from the sheet.
2. The process involved punching holes in them, which is very difficult in construction.
