The document discusses research on robotics and visual computing. It proposes the concept of Robot as a Service (RaaS) which treats robots like cloud services. RaaS uses a service-oriented architecture to allow robots to be programmed and controlled remotely. The document outlines the development of a RaaS prototype using an Intel processor, various sensors/actuators, and software like C# and Java. It describes how RaaS could enable robots to be incorporated into cloud and IoT environments. The goal is to develop an easy-to-use robotics platform for teaching robotics at the high school level.

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Research Proposal on Computing Visual Computing and Robotics
Dr. Nancy Agens, Head,
Technical Operations, Phdassistance
info@phdassistance.com
Keywords: Computer Science,
Engineering, Internet of things (IoT),
Artificial Intelligence, Visual Computing
and Robotics
I. INTRODUCTION
The advancement of the Internet and
cloud computing has pushed the desktop-
based peripheral device into a web-based
Computing Infrastructure. It has
transformed the actual goods or items
principle into facilities. The support and
dedication of several governments and
major tech companies around the world to
create and use cloud computing
environments as an interconnected storage
and connectivity system have contributed to
the rapid growth of various commercial and
mission-critical technologies in the modern
architecture, including the Introduction of
physical devices, which provides the
Internet of Things has unlimited computing
capabilities. Internet of Things (IoT) was
initially suggested and adhered in the Radio
Frequency Identification RFID-tags to
commemorate the Electronic Product
Code (Auto-ID Lab). The IoT idea is
expanded to the globe where physical
artifacts are deeply integrated into the
information system and where physical
artifacts could become actively involved in
business operations. The Internet of
Intelligent Things (IoIT) interacts with smart
devices with sufficient computing
capability. The IoIT is an aspect of dispersed
intelligence (Du Plessis et al., 2015).
As per Intel's study, there are 15
billion systems connected to the Internet, 4
billion of which have the 32-bit processing
power, and 1 billion of those are smart
systems (Steenman, 2012). The Autonomous
Decentralized System (ADS) is a distributed
system consisting of components or
materials intended to function separately but
competent of communicating with each
other to meet the overall objective of the
system. The ADS components are intended
to function in a composable manner and the
data is shared via a content-oriented
protocol. This architecture model allows the
machine to continue to operate in the case of
device failures. It also allows servicing and
restoration to be carried out whilst the
machine is in service. ADS and associated
developments have a broad variety of uses
in automotive production lines, train
signalling and robotics (Mori, 2008). ADS
principles became the basis for subsequent
developments like cloud storage and the
Internet of Things. Robot as a Service
(RaaS) is a cloud computing platform that
enables the seamless incorporation of robots
and integrated devices into network and
cloud computing environments (Chen et al.,
2010; Chen & Zhou, 2015).
Despite service-oriented architecture
(SOA), the RaaS framework comprises
configuration tools, the exploration software
registry and the user's direct access
application clients (Chen & Tsai, 2012). The
new RaaS architecture enables SOAP and
RESTful connectivity between RaaS and
other cloud storage systems. Hardware-
software and specifications are required to
facilitate the introduction of RaaS. For
instance, Devices Profile for Web Services
(DPWS) specifies deployment restrictions
that require safe Web Service messaging,
discovery, definition, and eventing on

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resource-restricted software between Web
services and applications. The latest Intel
IoT-enabled software, such as Galileo and
Edison, has made it possible to program
such tools as cloud services. Through
various viewpoints, the RaaS machine may
be called a device of the Internet of Things
(IoT), the Internet of Intelligent Things
(IoIT) with a sufficient processing power to
conduct complex computing (Chen & Hu,
2013), the Cyberphysical System (CPS)
which is a mixture of a broad computational
and connectivity centre and physical
elements which can communicate with the
physical world (Steenman, 2012), as well as
an autonomous generation.
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Present contests in robotics are
primarily remote controlled. Students spend
nearly all their time constructing a
Mechanical Computer with no technical
need, as technical an autonomous robot is
beyond the capacity of high school students
(Harvey et al., 1992).
III. AIM AND OBJECTIVE
The aim is to develop an easy-to-
build and easy-to-program robotic package
for the distribution of high schools and the
development of a competition sequence of
autonomous robots.
IV. LITERATURE REVIEW
This section is focused on our earlier work
on service-oriented robotics Computing
Science. In, Chen (2006) introduced the core
concept of service- robotics computing and
the initial development of the design and
modules utilizing Parallax Boe- and
Windows CE- handheld tools. The study
was funded by the Embedded System
Program of Microsoft Science. A current
version of the service- robotics computing
architecture and design was recorded in
Chen and Bai, (2008) and Chen et
al.,(2009). The latest design is carried out
using an Intel processor-based self-built
robot and off-the-shelflf parts. The emphasis
of (Chen & Bai, 2008) was on the
coordination of robots, the design of
interfaces between sensors/actuators as well
as the processor board, and assistance for
service-oriented computing. The emphasis
of (Chen et al., 2008) was on event-driven
design, floor-detection algorithms, office
patrol algorithms, and simulation of
algorithm performance tests. In (Chen et al.,
2009), commented on the efficiency
assessment of the execution time required
for a defined collection of tasks and the
power consumption centred on the
implementation of the Intel Core 2 Duo
processor.
V. RESEARCH GAP
From the above Research Gap, as
IoT / robotics technology and developments
grow unpredictably into other fields of
computing, knowledge and control systems,
schools and colleges should train students to
learn and be enabled to program IoT devices
and robots. However, programming IoT and
physical devices are challenging and relies
on a clear knowledge of hardware as well as
low-level programming. To fix this problem,
workflow, as well as visual programming
languages, need to be created.
VI. METHODOLOGY
The main contribution of this paper
is the definition of Robot as a Service
(RaaS) that enforces the design and
execution of a robot or computer to be an
all-in-one SOA package, that is, a package
that involves software output systems,
discovery and publishing data brokers, and

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client direct control applications. In our
previous SOA robot concept, the robot is an
interface which uses remote backend
computing resources. This all-in-one
architecture gives the robot machine even
more strength and ability to perform as a
completely self-contained computer
platform in the cloud computing world.
Another main contribution recorded in the
paper is the creation of facilities which
convert the Microsoft Robotics Studio VPL
(Visual Programming Language) software
into Intel application executable files. These
resources require the creation of standard
VPL systems on an Intel-based robotic
platform.
To illustrate the ideas, we have
placed in position a RaaS prototype. To
render the RaaS more adaptable, we made
the following design decisions: Hardware:
standardized Intel processor and
motherboard are used. We've been checking
the RaaS on Core 2 Owing and Atom
processors. The key part list includes:
In this research, a combination of the
novel machine learning algorithm is
proposed using image processing, test
processing and deep learning techniques.
The contribution of this work is as follows:
Intel Core 2 Duo Processor 1.6GHz;
alternatively, Atom N270 processor 1.6GHz;
 Arduino Board
 MD23 Dual Motor Driver
 M2-ATX Intelligent Power Supply
 M2-ATX Intelligent Power Supply
 USB to I2C Communications Module;
 Intel Embedded Mini-ITX Motherboard;
Generic USB and popular serial port
tools, like sonar sensors, compass sensors,
motion sensors and thermal sensors,
webcams, remote servos and motors, are
often used. Figure 1 illustrates how the
systems can be controlled by utilities and
drivers.
Fig 1. Interfacing devices to SOA

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Operating systems: We have incorporated a
variant of Windows XP and a variant of
Linux.Software development Languages:
We utilized C # and Java to program the
systems and applications. We have also
introduced a module that interfaces the
Visual Programming Language (VPL)
applications to the Intel network.
Service Hosting: Using
multithreading in C # and Java, we
introduced a multi-tenant software hosting
system where different copies of the
application code are hosted by a worker
machine. The thread-based database hosting
system That requests are handled by the
reactor as a single entry point in which the
requests are cached and reviewed against the
archive. If an item or service is not recorded,
the demand would be denied automatically.
Otherwise, the request will be sent to the
hosting employee process. The worker cycle
should launch the project as a thread and
control the existence of the project. We
have two systems for jobs, one for services
and one for application.
VII. SUMMARY
This paper described the idea of
Robot as a Service (RaaS) using VPL
(Visual Programming Language) computing,
addressed the implementation of the RaaS
prototype. The results often demonstrate the
efficacy of the software and hardware device
supporting the RaaS complex machine. A
robotics starter kit is being produced l for
distribution to high school robotics camps
and robotics competitions. Many programs
are still being examined in future.
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