1. What is an ELEMENT?
o A substance
composed of a
single kind of atom.
o Cannot be broken
down into another
substance by
chemical or physical
means.
2. What is a COMPOUND?
o A substance in
which two or
more different
elements are
CHEMICALLY
bonded together.
3. Structure of Elements
o Monoatomic elements
composed of
individual discrete
(atoms) He
o Diatomic elements
composed of
molecules made up of
two atoms that are
bonded together H2
4. Structure of Elements
o Metals – many atoms
held together by
metallic bonds (Cu)
o Other giant molecular or network
structures (carbon)
5. 1 2
21 22
104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112
Ta
tantalum
Non metals Transition
metals
Metalloids
N
nitrogen
7
15
113 114 115
Halogens
5
13
6
14
Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Post Transition metals Noble Gases
H
hydrogen
Li
lithium
Na
sodium
K
potassium
Rb
rubidium
Cs
caesium
Fr
francium
Be
beryllium
Mg
magnesium
Ca
calcium
Sr
strontium
Ba
barium
Ra
radium
Sc
scandium
Y
yttrium
Ti
titanium
Zr
zirconium
Hf
hafnium
V
vanadium
Nb
niobium
Cr
chromium
Mo
molybdenum
Mn
manganese
Tc
technetium
Fe
iron
Ru
ruthenium
Co
cobalt
Rh
rhodium
Ni
nickel
Pd
palladium
Cu
copper
Ag
silver
Zn
zinc
Cd
cadminium
Ta
tantalum
W
tungsten
Re
rhenium
Os
osminium
Ir
iridium
Pt
platinum
Au
gold
Hg
mercury
B
boron
Si
silicon
Ge
geramanium
As
arsenic
Sb
antimoney
16
Te
tellurium
8
Po
polonium
C
carbon
P
phosphorous
O
oxygen
S
sulphur
Se
selenium
Al
aluminium
Ga
galium
In
indium
Tl
thallium
Sn
tin
Pb
lead
Bi
bismuth
F
fluorine
17
Cl
chlorine
Br
bromine
I
iodine
At
astatine
He
helium
Ne
neon
Ar
argon
10
18
Kr
krypton
Xe
xenon
Rn
radon
Lanthanoids
(rare earth)
Actinoids
(rare earth)
3
11
19
37
55
La
Lanthanum
Ce
cerium
Pr
praseodymium
Pm
promethium
Sm
samarium
Eu
europium
Gd
gadolinium
Tb
terbium
Dy
dysprosium
Ho
holmium
Re
erbium
Tm
thulium
117 118
Yb
ytterbium
Lu
lutetium
Nd
neodymium
Ac
actinium
Pa
protactinium
U
uranium
Np
neptunium
Pu
plutonium
Am
americium
Cm
curium
Bk
berkelium
Cf
californium
Es
einsteinium
Fm
fermium
Md
9
mendelevium
Th
thorium
No
nobelium
Lr
lawrencium
87
4
12
20
38
56
88
39
40
72
23
41
73
24
42
74
25
43
74
26
44
76
27
45
77
28
46
78
29
47
79
30
48
80
31
49
81
32
50
82
33
51
83
34
52
84
35
53
85
36
54
86
116
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
La
57
Lanthanum
89
Ac
actinium
Rf
rutherfordium
Db
dubnium
Sg
seaborgium
Bh
bohrium
Hs
hassium
Mt
meitnerium
Ds
darmstadtium
Rg
roentgenium
Cn
copernicium
Uut
ununtrium
Fl
flerovium
Uup
ununpentium
Lv
livermorium
Uus
ununseptium
Uuo
ununoctium
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8. Properties of Metals
• Metals are good conductors
of heat and electricity.
• Metals are shiny.
• Metals are ductile (can be
stretched into thin wires).
• Metals are malleable (can be
pounded into thin sheets).
• A chemical property of metal
is its reaction with water
which results in corrosion.
9. Properties of Non-Metals
• Non-metals are poor
conductors of heat and
electricity.
• Non-metals are not
ductile or malleable.
• Solid non-metals are
brittle and break easily.
• They are dull.
• Many non-metals are
gases.
Sulfur
10. Properties of Metalloids
• Metalloids (metal-like)
have properties of both
metals and non-metals.
• They are solids that can be
shiny or dull.
• They conduct heat and
electricity better than non-metals
but not as well as
metals.
• They are ductile and
malleable.
Silicon
