The document discusses various frequencies related to ball bearings, specifically ball spin frequency (bsf), fundamental train frequency (ftf), and ball passing frequency (bpfo). It mentions the application of Grad-CAM in conjunction with CNNs to analyze these frequencies, referencing multiple sources for related techniques. The context appears to involve signal processing and analysis in mechanical engineering.

1. NEDO

2. ( )
1
ü
ü

3. 2
[Andersen et al., 2017]
[Hasegawa et al., 2018]

4. 3
Hz

5. 4

6. CNN
5
CNN
CNN

7. 6
Grad-CAM
(Selvaraju et al., 2017)

8. 7
Grad-CAM

9. 8
Grad-CAM

10. 9
Grad-CAM

11. 10
Grad-CAM
(Selvaraju et al., 2017)

12. 11
Grad-cam
Grad-cam
Grad-cam

13. (Gaussou et al. 2017)
BSF 278 Hz
FTF 15 Hz
BPFO 236 Hz
BSF
FTF BPFO n
12
IMS
• BSF: Ball spin frequency
• FTF: Fundamental train frequency
• BPFO: Ball passing frequency outer race

14. Grad-CAM
BSF 6 FTF
13

15. BPFO
14Grad-CAM

16. CMS
15

17. 16
CNN

18. 17
N
N A C D
S
N

19. 18

20. 19

21. 20
xBPSO
+FTF
xBPSO
+FTF